1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 939及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 80 minutes to write a composition entitled “My Unforgettable Teacher“. You should write at least 120 words according to the following instructions: 1. 简要描述发生在你和老师之间的某 件令你难以忘怀之事。 2. 这件事情表明了老师的何种品德及对你产生的影响。 二、 Part II
2、 Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (f
3、or NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Inside a small chamber at a Kent State University laboratory, hamsters sleep, eat, play and rest while fluid flows in and out of tubes threaded through their
4、 tiny brains. It took biology professor J. Da vid Glass two years to set up the finicky dialysis system, which measures a key neurotransmitter in the biological clocks of these nocturnal rodents. His payoff came in 1996, when he became the first re searcher to measure serotonin levels rising and fal
5、ling in the biological clock area of the brain during an animals daily cycle. Serotonin is the “feel good“ chemical manipulated by widely prescribed drugs such as Prozac. Meanwhile, in a larger chamber down the hall, Glass is monitoring tropical monkeys. He has found that exercise and arousal from s
6、leep have major impacts on the biological rhythms of the monkeys, permanently shifting their clocks in the absence of normal daylight and darkness cues. Glasss research and that of others could have implications for the millions of people who take com monanti-depressants and other drugs that affect
7、serotonin in the brain. It has long been known that the substance is a key player in the biological clock, and that the region has an unusually high concentration of receptors for the neurotransmitter. Glasss work is part of the fast-growing field of circadian(or daily)rhythm research focused on a r
8、egion at the base of the brain, the size of a corn kernel, that scientists discovered 25 years ago is the bodys timing mechanism. Like other animals and even plants, humans have built-in clocks that regulate internal functions on a 24-hour basis. For most mammals, the clocks trigger sleep and waking
9、, as well as metabolism, hor mone levels, body temperature and many other changes. This is a particularly exciting time for circadian-rhythm researchers. In recent times, scientists at universities in Illinois, Texas and Japan have found genes involved with the clock, including one that appears to b
10、e a basic building block of the mechanism and is common across all species, from fruit flies to humans. Meanwhile, researchers like Glass, whose work has attracted US $1.2 million(9.6 mil lion RMB)in grants from the National Institute of Health, are trying to understand how the clock works. Sitting
11、on top of the optic nerve, the clock is heavily influenced by light. But other factors, too, are involved in resetting the mechanism, most notably physical activity and substances like serotonin. Glass and his students found that, when lights in the hamster chamber were switched off, the serotonin l
12、evels in the rodentsclock region shot up: hamsters are nocturnal, meaning they rest during the day and are awake at night. But when hamsters in the midst of their sleep cycle were put onto an activity wheel, a significant rise in serotonin levels was measured in those hamsters that woke up enough to
13、 ex ercise. It has long been known that serotonin is key to body clock function, according to Thomas Wehr, a scientist at the National Institute of Mental Health in Bethesda, Maryland. Researchers at the Mary land Institute took cells from the clock region of the brain, sprinkled serotonin on them a
14、nd, by monito ring electrical impulses, watched the cells “reset“ themselves. “There are certain drugs used with humans that have also been squirted on these cells in dishes and have been shown to reset the clock in the dish, so it seems quite possible there are similar effects in hu mans who take t
15、hese drugs. “Wehr says. Indeed, some people taking anti-depressants do report sleep disorders such as insomnia or daytime drowsiness that could be related to changes in their biological clocks. Human studies have yet to focus on the issue. Studies have found that serotonin affects the clock in diffe
16、rent ways, depending on the point in the cells daily cycle that it is administered. Glass recently completed an experiment using marmosets, small monkeys native to Central and South America. Researchers moved a sleeping marmoset to anoth er cage, then monitored it as it scurried around its new envir
17、onment. After this burst of activity, the marmoset shifted its cycles forward or backward a few hours, and they remained shifted, apparently in definitely. Cycles were pushed back when the disruption occurred early in the sleep period; they shifted forward when the disruption occurred late in the cy
18、cle. According to Glass, the experiment demonstrates what scientists have known anecdotally for a long time: that exercise, when performed at certain times, shifts our clocks. Exercise has long been recommended to speed recovery from jet lag, for example. That may be because exercise boosts serotoni
19、n. Glass found he could mimic the effect of the arousal experiment by injecting a serotonin like drug and believes the findings suggest something similar could be expected in people. “Were getting closer and closer to making the link that humans can adjust their circadian clock through natural means
20、 such as exercise, “Glass says. 2 Prozac is the “feel good“ chemical manipulated by widely prescribed drugs. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 3 For most mammals, metabolism, hormone levels, body temperature and many other changes are not triggered by clocks. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 4 Light is one of the importan
21、t factors that influence the clock. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 5 According to the passage, monkeys, like human beings are worried about the change of clocks that triggered the body nerve. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 6 Insomnia or daytime drowsiness that related biological clocks were not focused on by human st
22、udies. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 7 When the disruption occured in the cycle, cycles were pushed back. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 8 The clock, however, can be affected by serotonin in different ways, depending on the point in the cells daily cycle. （ A） Y （ B） N （ C） NG 9 But when hamsters in the midst of the
23、ir sleep cycle were put onto an activity wheel, _. 10 Glass has found that _ have major impacts on the biological rhythms of the monkeys. 11 Exercise has long been recommended to _. Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of eac
24、h conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. （ A） She d
25、oesnt really need one. （ B） She is difficult to please. （ C） She doesnt want to pay a large sum of money. （ D） She needs plenty of space. （ A） Hes not interested in the game at all. （ B） Hed like to get tickets for the game very much. （ C） Hes already got some tickets for the game. （ D） He feels ver
26、y angry because the woman has misunderstood him. （ A） They feel too tired to accept the invitation. （ B） They have eaten out too much that they are used to it. （ C） They have no alternative but to go. （ D） They have different opinions about whether to eat out or not. （ A） He will go to Mr. Johnsons
27、office. （ B） He will help the woman to move the items. （ C） He will drive the womans car to his own office. （ D） He will call Mr. Johnson to move the items together. （ A） She agrees with the man. （ B） Most people hold the same opinion with Jack. （ C） This years football season will be less exciting.
28、 （ D） People wont be disappointed with the coming football season. （ A） At 7:50. （ B） At 8:30. （ C） At 7:40. （ D） At 8:40. （ A） On a campus. （ B） In a hospital. （ C） In a library. （ D） In a department store. （ A） Put on expensive costumes. （ B） Leave the city for the night. （ C） Ask his younger sist
29、er to be the babysitter. （ D） Have a night out with his wife. （ A） The price and the location of the house. （ B） The payment date and the contents of the house. （ C） The policies of the insurance company. （ D） The amount of deductibles. （ A） The fees will be lower. （ B） The fees will be higher. （ C）
30、 The insurance company will pay more. （ D） The insurance company will pay the same. （ A） The highest deductible is $2,000. （ B） The policyholders have to pay $2,000 for any claim. （ C） The policies will be cancelled after the first year. （ D） They usually sign one-year contract first. （ A） The mans
31、graduation. （ B） The couples engagement. （ C） The man s smoking. （ D） The mans stress. （ A） That the man rethink their plans. （ B） That the man see a family doctor. （ C） That the man see a psychiatrist. （ D） That the man concentrate on his studies. （ A） Patient. （ B） Surprised. （ C） Worried. （ D） Ir
32、ritated. （ A） That she has stopped smoking. （ B） That she does not want to get married. （ C） That she has asked the man to quit smoking many times. （ D） That she is not in love with the man. Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will h
33、ear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. （ A） Watch a funny movie online. （ B） Listen to the laughter of colleagues. （ C） Remember ball passing times. （ D） P
34、ass the ball back and forth. （ A） Workers who listened to the laughter saved effort for the task. （ B） Workers who watched the funny short film made fewer mistakes. （ C） Workers who laughed for a few minutes focused more on the task. （ D） Workers who listened to the laughter made fewer mistakes. （ A
35、） Workers will become less focused when using the Internet freely. （ B） Forbidding workers using the Internet freely will decrease their productivity. （ C） Workers will be distracted from their work when given Internet breaks. （ D） Companies could increase productivity by giving employees more freed
36、om. （ A） Drink at least two liters of water a day. （ B） Drink as much water as possible dally. （ C） Drink as much water as their bodies need. （ D） Drink no water before physical exercises. （ A） Providing scientific and technical advice to the government and the public. （ B） Telling people how many g
37、lasses of water to drink and what fruits to eat. （ C） Guiding people living in different climates what activities to take. （ D） Supplying newly tested medicine to hospitals and drug stores. （ A） Because the quality of water decides its volume. （ B） Because health conditions affect the amount of wate
38、r needed. （ C） Because therere different sizes of glasses people use. （ D） Because theres also water in foods and beverages. （ A） He was the owner of a tavern. （ B） He was just a schoolboy. （ C） He paid his fathers debts. （ D） The author didnt mention. （ A） Because he wanted to avoid his fathers pun
39、ishment. （ B） Because he hated to go to school. （ C） Because he wanted to escape from the boy he fought with. （ D） Because he wanted to gain his independence. （ A） He worked a number of unskilled jobs. （ B） He hunted wild animals. （ C） He sold guns to earn money. （ D） He worked for his father. Secti
40、on C Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you h
41、ave just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the 35 To be a good teacher, you need some of the【 B1】 _ of a good actor. You must be able to hold the attenti
42、on and interest of your【 B2】 _ ; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong,【 B3】 _ voice; and you must be able to act what you are teaching, to make its meaning【 B4】 _ comprehensible. Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he does not just sit【 B5】 _ before his class: he stands the whole
43、 time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his【 B6】 _ . Listen to him, and you will hear the【 B7】 _ , the quality and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about. The fact that a good teacher has some of the qualitie
44、s of a good actor doesnt mean that he will【 B8】 _ be able to act well on the stage.【 B9】 _ . The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fi
45、xed beforehand.【 B10】 _ . A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they dont understand something, they say so. The teacher therefore has to suit his act to the needs of his audience, which i
46、s his class.【 B11】 _ . 36 【 B1】 37 【 B2】 38 【 B3】 39 【 B4】 40 【 B5】 41 【 B6】 42 【 B7】 43 【 B8】 44 【 B9】 45 【 B10】 46 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank follow
47、ing the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 46 What do Nationa
48、l Semiconductor, Maxwell House Coffee, Deloitte women executives are【 50】 underrepresented in some industries, such as manufacturing, engineering, and financial services; and responses to the Catalyst survey show that six in ten women believe women suffer discrimination (歧视 ) in【 51】 executive busin
49、ess positions. Industry experts have pointed out several blocks to womens【 52】 up the corporate ladder. Among these blocks are the prejudiced【 53】 of women that some men in managerial positions still bring to the recruiting process. In addition, because women are often【 54】 from the informal network outside the office-for example, by not being given season tickets to sporting events and by not being invited to play golf-they miss out on the opportunity to build re
