1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 131及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay about a place which you like most. You should state the reasons and write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Section A （ A） The woman has changed her original caree
2、r planning. （ B） The woman is fit for a multinational enterprise. （ C） It is difficult to be an entrepreneur. （ D） The woman made a wrong decision. （ A） He hates shopping in a small shopping place. （ B） He would rather go shopping on Sunday. （ C） Nobody would go shopping on Saturdays. （ D） The woman
3、 always keeps him waiting. （ A） He learns body language for work. （ B） He knows little about body language. （ C） He usually goes on business travel. （ D） He travels abroad to learn body language. （ A） The man has lost his computer. （ B） The woman looks unhappy. （ C） The man is worried about his file
4、s. （ D） The woman broke the computer. （ A） The man is not interested in the womans holiday. （ B） The woman is going on holiday with the man. （ C） The man is persuading the woman to go to beaches. （ D） The woman is looking forward to her holiday. （ A） He wears jeans to the office every day. （ B） He d
5、oesnt care much about his job. （ C） He can wear casual clothes to the office on Fridays. （ D） He cant wear formal business suits on Fridays. （ A） He had a terrible vacation. （ B） He would like to have a rest. （ C） He will never go travelling again. （ D） He has recovered from tiredness. （ A） The woma
6、n has done something wrong. （ B） The man wants the woman to find another job. （ C） The woman cant make a living now. （ D） The man will offer some help to the woman. （ A） It has changed the flavor. （ B） It is spicy as usual. （ C） It is too expensive. （ D） It sells western food. （ A） The Italian resta
7、urant. （ B） The Indian restaurant. （ C） The Chinese restaurant. （ D） The Thai restaurant. （ A） The man and the woman will not eat out. （ B） The man and the woman will go Dutch. （ C） The man will pay for the dinner. （ D） The woman will pay for the dinner. （ A） Job hopping. （ B） Putting up a notice. （
8、 C） Travelling by plane. （ D） Learning a foreign language. （ A） It has a small size. （ B） It will fire some employees. （ C） It will give him a promotion. （ D） It is an overseas company. （ A） He will learn English for it. （ B） He will work in another country. （ C） He will travel a lot. （ D） He will g
9、et a much higher salary. （ A） Recommend her to his new company. （ B） Give her some advice on her work. （ C） Get her promoted to be the manager. （ D） Write her a letter of recommendation. Section B （ A） The link between self-worth and relationships. （ B） The importance of peoples health. （ C） The sym
10、ptoms of low self-esteem. （ D） How to seek compliments from others. （ A） Hoping to get positive remarks from others. （ B） Never being satisfied with others feedbacks. （ C） Being afraid to make any mistakes. （ D） Not willing to communicate with others. （ A） Talk with confident people. （ B） Set up ach
11、ievable goals. （ C） Be aware of your achievements. （ D） Award yourself more frequently. （ A） They have the same kind of culture. （ B） They are wild in different ways. （ C） They have most traveled areas. （ D） They have cutting edge technology. （ A） Parts of Australia and Russia. （ B） Parts of Canada
12、and southern Europe. （ C） Parts of North America and South Africa. （ D） Parts of Western Europe and Asia. （ A） On every continent but not in every country. （ B） On the continents with developed countries. （ C） On the continents with developing countries. （ D） On every continent and in every country.
13、 （ A） Because the temperature on the ground is lower. （ B） Because people can see more clearly in the low area. （ C） Because there is less smoke in the low area. （ D） Because the exit signs are in the low area. （ A） Looking for something to cover the face. （ B） Taking slow breath to take in less smo
14、ke. （ C） Wetting the clothes or the body to keep cool. （ D） Running towards the exit as fast as possible. （ A） Water steam will blast out of the tap. （ B） Hot water will flow out of the tap. （ C） Hands will get burnt by the hot tap. （ D） Gas in the tap will cause explosion. （ A） Reading books. （ B）
15、Doing fire drills. （ C） Watching videos. （ D） Taking courses. Section C 26 Cigarette smoking kills. That we know. So, manufacturers made【 B1】_cigarettes as a safer smoking choice safer than tobacco. E-cigarettes contain the drug nicotine(尼古丁 )like cigarettes. But they do not use tobacco. And you do
16、not light them. They are【 B2】 _by battery. So, if e-cigarettes are so safe, why have poison control centers around the United States seen an【 B3】 _in telephone calls about e-cigarette poisonings? The answer is children. Most of the calls are from people【 B4】_children who have played with the devices
17、. In the period of one month this year, the United States Centers for Disease Control say 215 people called the Center with e-cigarette【 B5】 _. More than half of these calls were for children aged five and younger. The devices【 B6】 _had made them sick. Tim McAfee, director of the CDCs Office on Smok
18、ing and Health, says the problem is【 B7】 _. Meaning, the U. S. federal government does not control e-cigarettes even though they contain liquid nicotine. Mr. McAfee adds that liquid nicotine is a well-known danger. Mr. McAfee explains that nicotine poisoning happens when the【 B8】 _gets into the skin
19、, gets into the eyes or is swallowed. Even a small amount, he says, can make a person sick. Nicotine poisoning can cause stomach pain or a sense of unbalance. Headaches are also【 B9】 _of nicotine poisoning. And too much nicotine can kill. Tim McAfee says e-cigarettes do not create the level of risk
20、to people that tobacco products do. He【 B10】_that almost 500,000 Americans die each year from cigarettes. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 For centuries, boys were top of the class. But these days, thats no longer the【 C1】 _. A n
21、ew study by the OECD, examined how 15-year-old boys and girls performed at reading, mathematics and science. Boys still score somewhat better at maths, and in science the genders are【 C2】 _equal. But when it comes to the students who really【 C3】 _, the difference is obvious: boys are 50% more likely
22、 than girls to fall【 C4】 _of basic standards in all three areas. Why are girls performing better at school than their male classmates? First, girls read more than boys. Reading【 C5】 _is the basis upon which all other learning is built. When boys dont do well at reading, their performance in other sc
23、hool subjects【 C6】 _too. Second, girls spend more time on homework. Researchers suggest that doing homework【 C7】 _by teachers is linked to better performance in maths, reading and science. Boys, it【 C8】 _, spend more of their free time in the virtual world: they are 17% more likely to play online ga
24、mes than girls every day. They also use the Internet more. Third, peer pressure plays a【 C9】 _. A lot of boys decide early on that they are just too cool for school which means theyre more likely to be【 C10】 _in class. Teachers mark them down for this. In anonymous(匿名的 )tests, boys perform better. I
25、n fact, the gender gap in reading drops by a third when teachers dont know the gender of the pupil they are marking. A)appears I)proficiency B)case J)role C)distinguishes K)roughly D)dramatically L)set E)engaged M)short F)experience N)struggle G)lazy O)suffers H)noisy 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【
26、 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Carbon Capture Has climate change made it harder for people to care about conservation? A)Last September, as someone who cares more about birds than the next man, I was following the story of the new stadium that the Twin Citie
27、s are building for their football Vikings. The stadiums glass walls were expected to kill thousands of birds every year, and local bird-lovers had asked its sponsors to use a specially patterned glass to reduce collisions: the glass would have raised the stadiums cost by one tenth of one per cent, a
28、nd the sponsors had hesitated. Around the same time, the National Audubon Society issued a press release declaring climate change “the greatest threat“ to American birds and warning that “ nearly half“ of North Americas bird species were at risk of losing their home by 2080. Audubons announcement wa
29、s retransmitted by national and local media, including the Minneapolis Star Tribune, whose blogger on bird-related subjects, Jim Williams, drew the inevitable inference: Why argue about stadium glass when the real threat to birds was climate change? In comparison, Williams said, a few thousand bird
30、deaths would be “nothing. “ B)I was in Santa Cruz, California, and already not in a good mood. The day I saw the Williams quote was the two hundred and fifty-fourth of a year in which, so far, sixteen had qualified as rainy. To the injury of a very dry weather came the daily insult of radio forecast
31、ers describing the weather as beautiful. It wasnt that I didnt share Williamss anxiety about the future. What upset me was how a terrible prediction like Audubons could lead to indifference toward birds in the present. C)Whether its prehistoric North Americans hunting the mastodon(乳齿象 )to extinction
32、, Maori wiping out the large animals of New Zealand, or modern civilization deforesting the planet and emptying the oceans, human beings are universal killers of the natural world. And now climate change has given us an eschatology(末世论 )for reckoning with our guilt: coming soon, some terribly overhe
33、ated tomorrow, is Judgment Day. Unless we confess and mend our ways, well all be sinners in the hands of an angry Earth. D)Rarely do I board an airplane or drive to the grocery store without considering my carbon footprint and feeling guilty about it. But when I started watching birds, and worrying
34、about their welfare, I became attracted to a strain of Christianity, inspired by St. Francis of Assisis example of loving whats concrete and sensitive and right in front of us. I gave my support to the focused work of the American Bird Conservancy and local Audubon societies. Even the most obviously
35、 worsened landscape could make me happy if it had birds in it. E)And so I came to feel miserably conflicted about climate change. I accepted its supremacy as the environmental issue of our time, but I felt threatened by its dominance. Not only did it make every grocery-store run a guilt trip: it mad
36、e me feel selfish for caring more about birds in the present than about people in the future. What were the eagles killed by wind turbines(涡轮机 )compared with the impact of rising sea levels on poor nations? What were the local cloud-forest birds of the Andes compared with the atmospheric benefits of
37、 Andean water-power projects? F)A hundred years ago, the National Audubon Society was an active organization, campaigning against random bird killing and the harvesting of large birds for their feathers, but its spirit has since become gentler. In recent decades, its been better known for its holida
38、y cards and its toy birds, which sing when you squeeze them. When the organization shifted into Jonathan Edwards mode, last September, I wondered what was going on. G)In rolling out its climate-change initiative, Audubon mentioned the “citizen science data“ it had mobilized(调动 ), and a “ report“ pre
39、pared by its own scientists, that justified its terrible predictions. Visitors to its updated Web site were treated to images of climate-endangered species and asked to “take the pledge“ to help save them. The actions that Audubon suggested to pledge-takers were gentle stuff tell your stories, creat
40、e a bird-friendly yard but the Web site also offered a “Climate Action Pledge“ , which was long and detailed. H)The climate-change report was not immediately available, but from the Web sites graphics, which included range maps of various bird species, it was possible to deduce that the reports meth
41、od involved a comparison of a species present range with its predicted range in a climate-altered future. When there was broad overlap between the two ranges, it was assumed that the species would survive. When there was little or no overlap, it was assumed that the species would be caught between a
42、n old range that had grown inhospitable(荒凉的，不适合居住的 )to it and a new range in which the place where the species live was wrong, and would be at risk of disappearing. I)This kind of modelling can be useful, but its full of uncertainties. A species may currently breed in a place with a particular avera
43、ge temperature, but this doesnt mean that it couldnt tolerate a higher temperature, or that it couldnt adapt to a slightly different place farther north, or that the more northerly place wont change as temperatures rise. North American species in general, having contended with hot July days and fros
44、ty September nights as they evolved, are much more tolerant of temperature fluctuations than tropical species are. Although, in any given place, some familiar back-yard birds may have disappeared by 2080, species from farther south are likely to have moved in to take their place. North Americas bird
45、s may well become more diverse. J)The eagle was an especially odd choice of poster bird for Audubons initiative. The species nearly became extinct fifty years ago, before DDT was banned. The only reason we can worry about its future today is that the public led by the then energetic Audubon rallied
46、around an immediate threat to it. The eagles dilemma was a primary impetus for the Endangered Species Act of 1973, and the eagle is one of the acts great success stories. Once its eggs were no longer weakened by DDT, its population and range expanded so dramatically that it was removed from the enda
47、ngered-species list in 2007. Its hard to think of a species less liable to be trapped by geography. Even if global warming squeezes it entirely out of its current summer and winter ranges, the melting of ice in Alaska and Canada may actually result in a larger new range. 47 Species in North America
48、are more likely to bear the temperature changes as they are used to burning July days and chilly September nights. 48 The author feels upset because people may become indifferent to the present birds as a result of an awful prediction. 49 The updated Web site of the National Audubon Society shows pi
49、ctures of species endangered by climate changes. 50 The cost would be increased if the glass suggested by bird-lovers is used, thus the sponsors are reluctant to do so. 51 The National Audubon Society was an organization fighting for bird killing a century ago. 52 The author always feels blameworthy when he gets on the airplane or drives to the variety store. 53 Climate change makes the author feel selfish when he is more concerned ab
