1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 43及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled What Electives to Choose. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1各大学开设了各种各样的选修课； 2学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选
2、修课； 3以你自己为例 What Electives to Choose Section A （ A） She copied another course guide. （ B） She decided to skip class. （ C） She went to the library instead. （ D） She shared a friends course guide. （ A） He forgot his office number. （ B） He went to the language laboratory. （ C） He doesnt want to work. （
3、 D） He needs to think about it. （ A） Start writing at once. （ B） Ask for his friends suggestions. （ C） Come up with another idea. （ D） Get the professors approval. （ A） He has been on vacation the whole month. （ B） He finds the work as hard as ever. （ C） He has benefited from the womans help. （ D） H
4、es thinking of working for the woman. （ A） She will watch the movie later. （ B） Her watch is broken. （ C） Her television set isnt working. （ D） She will watch TV while she eats. （ A） She has done half of it already. （ B） She agrees that it is very long. （ C） They have all semester to do it. （ D） The
5、res nothing wrong with it. （ A） The man couldnt attend the festival. （ B） The festival would be celebrated for seven days. （ C） The man would pick her up earlier. （ D） There would be thirty people attending the festival. （ A） He thinks children can be satisfied easily. （ B） He thinks the publishers
6、shouldnt produce so many junk books. （ C） He thinks we are short of good childrens books. （ D） He thinks children have no taste at all. （ A） The hotel clerk had put his reservation under another name. （ B） The hotel clerk insisted that he didnt make any reservation. （ C） The hotel clerk tried to tak
7、e advantage of his inexperience. （ D） The hotel clerk couldnt find his reservation for that night. （ A） A grand wedding was being held in the hotel. （ B） There was a conference going on in the city. （ C） The hotel was undergoing major repairs. （ D） It was a busy season for holiday-makers. （ A） It wa
8、s free of charge on weekends. （ B） It had a 15% discount on weekdays. （ C） It was offered to frequent guests only. （ D） It was 10% cheaper than in other hotels. （ A） Demand compensation from the hotel. （ B） Ask for an additional discount. （ C） Complain to the hotel manager. （ D） Find a cheaper room
9、in another hotel. （ A） An employee in the city council at Birmingham. （ B） Assistant director of the Admissions Office. （ C） Head of the Overseas Students Office. （ D） Secretary of Birmingham Medical School. （ A） Nearly fifty percent are foreigners. （ B） About fifteen percent are from Africa. （ C） A
10、 large majority are from Latin America. （ D） A small number are from the Far East. （ A） She will have more contact with students. （ B） It will bring her capability into fuller play. （ C） She will be more involved in policy-making. （ D） It will be less demanding than her present job. Section B （ A） T
11、he replacement of the harpsichord by the piano. （ B） The development of electronic musical instruments. （ C） The relative costs of different types of musical instruments. （ D） The performance of classical music on synthesizers. （ A） He is surprised by it. （ B） He disagrees with it. （ C） He thinks it
12、 is too soon to tell. （ D） He is alarmed by it. （ A） In the early nineteenth century. （ B） In the late nineteenth century. （ C） In the early twentieth century. （ D） In the mid-twentieth century. （ A） Because it was too heavy. （ B） Because it did not bend easily. （ C） Because its string was short. （
13、D） Because it did not shoot far. （ A） It went out of use 300 years ago. （ B） It was invented after the short bow. （ C） It was discovered before fire and the wheel. （ D） It is still in use today. （ A） They are accurate and easy to pull. （ B） Their shooting range is 40 yards. （ C） They are usually use
14、d indoors. （ D） It took 100 years to develop them. （ A） A recipe for a soft drink. （ B） The medicinal effects of cola. （ C） The history of cola. （ D） Soft-drink production. （ A） As a soft drink. （ B） As a medicine. （ C） As flavored hard candy. （ D） As a cooking oil. （ A） He sold cola to doctors. （ B
15、） He was a drug store clerk. （ C） He suffered from severe headaches. （ D） He developed the cola syrup. （ A） By mixing it with special oils. （ B） By heating it. （ C） By adding soda water. （ D） By combining it with different flavors. Section C 26 Job seekers in Britain say employers are【 B1】 _applican
16、ts degrees and certificates. They are making their own entrance exams to test ability. They are concerned about decreasing【 B2】 _of job seekers, because many university graduates with good degrees have shown a terrible【 B3】 _to spell, and work out simple sums. The chairman of the Standing Conference
17、 of Employers of Graduates, told our【 B4】_: “We dont look at the pieces of paper turned in to us, but we look at the people with real abilities.“ A senior【 B5】 _with the Bank of England said that many companies were making their own【 B6】 _tests so they could be sure that candidates were the right pe
18、ople for the job. In the Civil Service, only about 200 out of 2,000 candidates arc chosen after the rest have been【 B7】 _by the Services own examinations and interviews. Forged certificates, printed in Germany, have been【 B8】 _recently. These forged certificates are not easy to【 B9】 _the real ones,
19、and can be bought at 25 apiece. Making fake degrees has also become a highly profitable business. Fake degrees and diplomas, including Ph.D. degrees, can be【 B10】 _for as little as 20. Some so-called “universities“ and “colleges“ are even selling these attractive diplomas. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】
20、 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 As war spreads to many corners of the globe, children sadly have been drawn into the center of conflicts. In Afghanistan, Bosnia, and Colombia, however, groups of children have been taking part in peace education【 C1】 _. T
21、he children, after learning to resolve conflicts, took on the【 C2】 _of peacemakers. The Childrens Movement for Peace in Colombia was even nominated(提名 )for the Nobel Peace Prize in 1998. Groups of children【 C3】 _as peacemakers studied human rights and poverty issues in Colombia, eventually forming a
22、 group with five other schools in Bogota known as The Schools of Peace. The classroom【 C4】 _opportunities for children to replace angry, violent behaviors with【 C5】 _, peaceful ones. It is in the classroom that caring and respect for each person empowers children to take a step【 C6】 _toward becoming
23、 peacemakers. Fortunately, educators have access to many online resources that are【 C7】 _useful when helping children along the path to peace. The Young Peacemakers Club, started in 1992, provides a Website with resources for teachers and【 C8】 _on starting a Kindness Campaign. The World Centers of C
24、ompassion for Children International call attention to childrens rights and how to help the【 C9】_of war. Starting a Peacemakers Club is a praiseworthy venture for a class and one that could spread to other classrooms and ideally affect the culture of the【 C10】_school. A)acting I)information B)assumi
25、ng J)offers C)comprehensive K)projects D)cooperative L)respectively E)entire M)role F)especially N)technology G)forward O)victims H)images 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Caring for elderly parents catches many unprepared A)Last
26、 July, Julie Baldocchis mother had a massive stroke and was paralyzed. Baldocchi suddenly had to become a family caregiver, something that she wasnt prepared for. “I was flying by the seat of my pants,“ says Baldocchi, an employment specialist in San Francisco. Both of her parents are 83, and she kn
27、ew her father couldnt handle her mothers care. The hospital recommended putting her mother in a nursing home. Baldocchi wasnt willing to do that. But moving her back into her parents home created other problems. Baldocchi, 48, is married and lives about a mile away from her parents. She has a full-t
28、ime job and has back problems that make it difficult for her to lift her mother. “I couldnt do it all,“ she says. “But I didnt even know how to find help.“ B)With help from the Family Caregiver Alliance, she eventually hired a live-in caregiver. “But even if you plan intellectually and legally, your
29、e never ready for the emotional impact,“ Baldocchi says. In the first two months after her mothers stroke, she lost about 30 pounds as stress mounted. More than 42 million Americans provide family caregiving for an adult who needs help with daily activities, according to a 2009 survey by the AARP. A
30、n additional 61.6 million provided at least some care during the year. And many are unprepared. C)While many parents lack an advance care directive, its the most basic and important step they can take. The directive includes several parts, including: a durable power of attorney, which gives someone
31、legal authority to make financial decisions on anothers behalf; a health care proxy, which is similar to the power of attorney, except it allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment; and a living will that outlines instructions for end-of-life care.(For example, parents can say if t
32、hey want to be kept alive by artificial measures.)“Its invaluable for the kids, because its hard to make those decisions for a parent,“ says Jennifer Cona, an elder-law attorney at Genser Dubow Genser & Cona in Melville, N.Y. An advance care directive is the first line of defense if a situation aris
33、es, says Kathleen Kelly, executive director of the Family Caregiver Alliance, which supports and educates caregivers. Without an advance directive, the family will have to petition the court to be appointed the parents legal guardian, says AgingC. D)Its important for families to talk about long-term
34、 care so the adult children know their parents preferences, wishes and goals, says Lynn Feinberg, a caregiving expert at AARP. But its not an easy conversation. Elderly parents are sometimes suspicious of their childrens financial motives, says Susan John, a financial planner at Financial Focus in W
35、olfeboro, N.H. One client asked John to hold a family meeting because they needed an intermediary to talk about financial issues, she says. And when there are many siblings, the family decisions can become a three-ring circus with much acrimony, says Ann-Margaret Carrozza, an elder-law attorney in G
36、len Cove, N.Y. Families who need information and help sorting out disagreements can call on elder-law attorneys, financial planners, geriatric care managers and caregiver support groups. In February, AARP said it will offer its members a new caregiving support service through financial services firm
37、 Genworth. E)Many families are unprepared for quick decisions, especially when they find out that Medicare doesnt pay for long-term care, Feinberg says. The median cost of a year in a private room at a nursing home in 2011 was $77,745, according to Genworth. And only those who have spent most of the
38、ir assets can qualify for Medicaid to pay for the nursing home. F)Assisted living is another option. Residents can have their own apartment to maintain some independence. But the facilities generally provide personal care services, such as meals, housekeeping and assistance with activities. Still, i
39、ts not cheap: The national median cost in 2011 was $39,135, according to Genworth. Assisted living isnt covered by Medicaid. G)If they have a choice, at least 90% of elderly parents prefer to stay at home as long as they can, according to AARP research. But if the parents can no longer safely live a
40、t home, it can be hard for children to move them into an adult care facility. There may be another option. Sometimes the home can be modified so a parent can stay there. For example, Baldocchi put in a chair lift for her mother. She also arranged for a home caregiver. H)Family caregivers take over m
41、any responsibilities. One might manage a parents finances, while another sibling will take the parent to doctors appointments and shopping. Those who move in with a parent take on a significant and sustained burden of care. Jan Walker moved into her mothers home in Leesburg, Fla. After her mother, w
42、ho is 83, had fallen, she wasnt able to get around as well. Walker, 55, has three brothers. But she is the only daughter, is divorced and has no children. “I always knew that this was the role that I would have, and I guess my mind was prepared for it,“ says Walker, who now is a full-time caregiver
43、and works from home as a tutorial instructor for a digital scrapbooking website. “When you get into the trenches, its literally baptism by fire,“ she says. “New things come up. Its not just about advance planning for finances or medical care. Its everything,“ she says. I)Caregivers need to also watc
44、h their own health. “There is such a thing as caregiver burnout,“ Cona says. Among female caregivers 50 and older, 20% reported symptoms of depression, according to a 2010 study on working caregivers by MetLife. “Its a hard job,“ Walker says. “But most worthwhile things are hard. She was always ther
45、e for me when I needed a helping hand. Its only natural that I be here for her now.“ 47 When elderly parents cannot live at home safely, their children can change their home instead of sending them to an adult care facility. 48 To talk about long-term care is not easy because sometimes aged parents
46、are suspicious of their childrens financial motives. 49 Besides advance planning for finances or medical care, family caregivers take over many other responsibilities. 50 The difference between a durable power of attorney and a health care proxy is that the latter allows someone to make decisions re
47、garding medical treatment. 51 Baldocchi did not want to send her mother to a nursing home, but she had difficulty taking care of her. 52 Over 42 million caregivers helped an adult with everyday activities in the USA in 2009. 53 If a family needs information or help to sort out disagreements, there a
48、re many people they can call on. 54 Caregivers should pay attention to their own health, or they may burn out or become depressed. 55 One will have to petition the court to be the parents legal guardian, if there is no advance directive. 56 The national median cost of assisted living in 2011 was $39
49、,135 and it is not covered by Medicaid. Section C 56 Ive been writing for most of my life. The book Writing Without Teachers introduced me to one distinction and one practice that has helped my writing processes tremendously. The distinction is between the creative mind and the critical mind. While you need to .employ both to get to a finished result, they cannot work in parallel no matter how much we might like
