1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 59及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled On Students Running Online Shops. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. 1很多大学生在业余时间开网店赚钱 2有人支持，有人反对
2、 3我的看法 On Students Running Online Shops Section A （ A） He gives up smoking. （ B） He is fired by his boss. （ C） He is under economic crisis. （ D） He cannot have a holiday. （ A） The company is far away from his home. （ B） The working hours are not convenient. （ C） The job is not well paid. （ D） He has
3、 to do a lot of traveling. （ A） How to select fruits. （ B） How to keep healthy. （ C） How to have a good sleep. （ D） How to protect the skin. （ A） Shift the phone to the technical department. （ B） Help the man repair the computer over the phone. （ C） Teach the man how to connect the Internet. （ D） Go
4、 to the technical department for help. （ A） Linda likes drinking tea. （ B） Kevin doesnt fit Linda. （ C） He doesnt like Kevin. （ D） Linda should stay with him. （ A） She felt very cold because of the weather. （ B） She sent the two boys to the hospital. （ C） She was frightened by the accident scene. （
5、D） She went to help the injured immediately. （ A） She is really cute. （ B） She is still young. （ C） She seems sincere. （ D） She likes smiling. （ A） The woman will be able to buy an intelligent car. （ B） The man is working in a car company on intelligent cars. （ C） Driving to work is really a headach
6、e. （ D） Cars that drive themselves may be produced in the near future. （ A） Outdated. （ B） Classical. （ C） Boring. （ D） Horrible. （ A） Five daughters fought over inheritance from their father. （ B） A family suffered from national prejudice. （ C） Pride was in the way of love in the early 19th century
7、. （ D） A father and a mother tried to get their five daughters married. （ A） It saves much time to watch the movie than to read the book. （ B） The movie can be understood after reading the book. （ C） The plots are easily followed in the book than in the movie. （ D） It is more horrible to watch the m
8、ovie than to read the book. （ A） Poor sleep at night. （ B） Lack of exercise. （ C） Being overweight. （ D） Eating too much chocolate. （ A） Having a healthy diet. （ B） Eating no meat. （ C） Eating food with high fiber. （ D） Taking exercises. （ A） Eating more vegetables. （ B） Eating less sweet food. （ C）
9、 Eating food in low fat. （ D） Eating nutritious foods. （ A） Eat them less. （ B） Eat chocolates only. （ C） Eat sweet dairy instead. （ D） Eat no more hamburgers. Section B （ A） The career relevant question. （ B） The personal question. （ C） What you like most. （ D） What you usually do. （ A） Your first
10、job after college graduation. （ B） Your abilities matching the new job. （ C） Your ability to catch opportunities. （ D） Your progress in the previous jobs. （ A） Displaying your excitement about the job. （ B） Expressing your thankfulness to the manager. （ C） Showing your qualification for the job. （ D
11、） Demonstrating your interest in the job. （ A） Reading textbooks. （ B） Appreciating photos. （ C） Meeting the boss. （ D） Using cell phone. （ A） Offering discount to attract more customers to eat there. （ B） Offering discount to make customers put their phone aside. （ C） Trying to create a home enviro
12、nment at the restaurant. （ D） Forcing the customers not to use their phones in the restaurant. （ A） They are pleased to accept it in the beginning. （ B） They enjoy the environment and the discount at last. （ C） The offer turns out to be totally a failure. （ D） They like the offer but not the environ
13、ment. （ A） The influence of ones birthday on his life. （ B） The unexpected present on ones birthday. （ C） The cause of ones death on his birthday. （ D） The unexpected risk of death on ones birthday. （ A） Men. （ B） Women. （ C） Young people. （ D） Old people. （ A） They are more pessimistic than women.
14、（ B） They are more apt to get a heart attack. （ C） They are weaker under the pressure of growing old. （ D） They are more likely to commit suicide. （ A） Stroke. （ B） High blood pressure. （ C） Heart diseases. （ D） Cancer. Section C 26 As a professor at a large American university, I often hear student
15、s saying: “Im only a 1050. “ The unlucky students are speaking of the【 B1】 _on SAT, which is used to determine whether they will【 B2】 _the college or university of their choice, or they will not have a chance to get a higher education at all. It is obvious that if students【 B3】 _their test scores, t
16、hen a great amount of their【 B4】 _is put in the number. Students who perform poorly on the exam are left feeling that it is all over. The low test score, they think, will make it【 B5】_for them to get into a good college. And without a【 B6】 _from a famous university, they fear that many of lifes door
17、s will remain forever closed. According to a study, the SAT is only a reliable indicator of a students future performances in most cases.【 B7】 _, it becomes much more accurate when it is set together with other indicators like a students high school grades. Even if standardized tests like the SAT co
18、uld show a students【 B8】 _, they will never be able to test things like confidence, efforts and willpower, and are unable to give us the full picture of a students potentialities. This is not to suggest that we should stop【 B9】 _SAT scores in our college admission process. The SAT is an【 B10】 _test
19、in many ways, and the score is still a useful means of testing students. However, it should be only one of many methods used. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 The proportion of adults who said they went on a 10-minute walk at lea
20、st once a week increased to 62 percent in 2010, from 56 percent in 2005, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)has reported. Federal guidelines【 C1】 _that adults get at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic(有氧的 )exercise(like quick walking)or 75 minutes of【 C2】_exercise(like r
21、unning)each week. The【 C3】 _of people who met federal guidelines for aerobic exercise also grew, to 48 percent in 2010 from 42 percentin 2005, the agency said. “ We know that walking is one of the most popular【 C4】 _activities that people do,“ said Dianna Carroll, a CDC epidemiologist(流行病学家 )who【 C5
22、】 _to the study. Walking increased across all races, ages and【 C6】 _. The South showed the biggest increase in people who said they walked during the study period,【 C7】_to 57 percent from 49 percent in 2005. The Northeast showed the smallest increase, to 66 percent from 64 percent. In the CDCs Natio
23、nal Health Interview Survey, more than 20,000 people were asked to【 C8】 _how much they had walked in the previous seven days. The study excluded people who said they could not walk. Dr. Carroll said that Americans could still【 C9】 _. “We have this increase in walking, but less than half of adults ar
24、e getting enough activity to show【 C10】_health benefits,“ she said. A)advise I)proportion B)contributed J)recall C)countries K)recommend D)devoted L)regions E)dramatically M)remember F)improve N)substantial G)largely O)vigorous H)physical 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7
25、】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Googles Google problem A)Google is killing Google Reader. Use of Google Reader, a tool, by the way, for reading online content via RSS was concentrated among a small group of relatively intense users. As it happens, that small group includes quite a lot of
26、people who write for or as part of their living. And so Google Reader has been mourned over, angrily at times, a bit more than the many other Google services that have come and gone. B)It isnt that hard to imagine what Google was thinking when it made this decision. Its a big company, but even big c
27、ompanies have finite resources, and devoting those precious resources to something that isnt making money and isnt judged to have much in the way of development potential is not an attractive option. Dropping Reader isnt going to hurt the companys business. C)Yet this little contretemps(令人尴尬的事 )may
28、suggest bigger trouble ahead for Google and big changes for the internet. One immediate effect is relatively easy to anticipate. John Hempton makes a nice point here: Google is in the process of abandoning its mission. Googles stated mission is to organize all the worlds information and make it univ
29、ersally accessible and useful. Google no longer cares. It seems what they care about is mass-markets. D)Google has asked us to build our lives around it: to use its e-mail system, its search engines, its maps, its calendars, its cloud-based apps and storage services, its video- and photo-hosting ser
30、vices, and on and on and on. Google wants us to use its services in ways that provide it with interesting and valuable information, and eyeballs. If a particular Google experiment isnt cutting it in that category, then Google may feel justified in axing it. E)But that makes it increasingly difficult
31、 for Google to have success with new services. Why commit to using and coming to rely on something new if it might be pulled away at some future date? This is especially problematic for “social“ apps that rely on network effects. Even a bad social service may thrive if it obtains a critical mass. Ya
32、nking away services beloved by early adopters almost guarantees that critical masses cant be obtained: not, at any rate, without the provision of an incentive or commitment mechanism to protect the would-be users from the risk of losing a vital service. F)There may be bigger implications still, howe
33、ver. As I said, Google has asked us to build our lives around it, and we have responded. This response entails(势必导致 )a powerful self-reinforcement mechanism: both providers and users of information and other services change their behaviour as a result of the availability of a Google product. You can
34、 see this on a small scale with Reader. People design their websites and content based on the assumption that others, via an RSS reader, will come across and read that content in a certain way. And readers structure their reading habits, and ultimately their mental models of what information is avai
35、lable and where, based on the existence of this tool. If you then pull away the product at the heart of that system, you end up causing significant disruption(混乱 ), assuming there arent good alternatives available. G)The issue becomes a bit more obvious when you think about something like search. Ma
36、ny of us now operate under the assumption that if we want to find something we will be able to do so quickly and easily via Google search. If I want an idea for a unique gift for someone, I can put in related search terms and feel pretty confident that Ill get back store websites and blogs and Pinte
37、rest pages and newspaper stories and pictures all providing possible matches. H)If Im a researcher, I know I can quickly find relevant academic papers, data, newspaper accounts, expert analysis, and who knows what else related to an enormous range of topics. Once we all become comfortable with that
38、state of affairs we quickly begin optimising(优化 )the physical and digital resources around us. And once we all become comfortable with that, we begin rearranging our mental architecture. We stop memorising key data points and start learning how to ask the right questions. We begin to think different
39、ly. We stop keeping a mental model of the physical geography of the world around us, because why bother? We can call up an incredibly detailed and accurate map of the world, complete with satellite and street-level images, whenever we want. The bottom line is that the more we all participate in this
40、 world, the more we come to depend on it. I)What Google has actually done is create a powerful infrastructure(基础设施 ). The shape of that infrastructure influences everything that goes online. And it influences the allocation of mental resources of everyone who interacts with the online world. But the
41、re isnt much to the real human world that isnt shaped by the mental activity of the people in it! Thats a lot of power to put in the hands of a company that now seems interested, mostly, in identifying core mass-market services it can use to maximise its return on investment. Now in the short run, t
42、hat may mostly be a problem for all of us. To the extent that we become worried about this phenomenon, we may go out and find back-up services or other alternatives. This will be less convenient and more costly, in terms of time and money, but those sufficiently foresighted(预见的 )might feel its a bet
43、ter option than opening up gmail one day to read that the email service, and the 10-years worth of communication it holds, will soon be gone. J)But in the long run thats a problem for Google. Because we tend not to entrust(委托 )this sort of critical public infrastructure to the private sector. Networ
44、k externalities are all fine and good to ignore so long as they mainly apply to the sharing of news and pictures from a weekend trip with college friends. Once they concern large amount of economic output and the cognitive activity of millions of people, it is difficult to keep the government out. M
45、aybe that obstacle will be sufficient to keep Google providing its most heavily used products. But maybe not. K)I find myself thinking again of the brave new world of the industrial city, when new patterns of interaction led to enormous changes in economic activity, in culture and personal behaviour
46、, and in the way we think. We upgraded ourselves, in terms of education and social norms, to maximise the return to urban life. I think we, meaning users of the web and the companies that provide its blood and bones, are only beginning to deal with the implications of a world awash(充斥的 )in informati
47、on. 47 Once we become comfortable with optimising the physical and digital resources around us, we will start rearranging our mental architecture. 48 A bad social service may become successful provided it gets a critical mass. 49 In the long term, people are not inclined to put critical public infra
48、structure into the hands of the private sector like Google. 50 Google decided to shut down Google Reader because it was not profitable and promising. 51 Everything on the internet can be influenced by the powerful infrastructure created by Google. 52 The availability of a Google product changes the
49、behaviour of the providers and users of information and other services. 53 According to John Hempton, now Google seems to concern more about mass-markets than its stated mission. 54 Nowadays, many of us assume that if we would like to search for something quickly and easily, we can Google it. 55 The big changes in economic activity, culture, individual behaviours and thinking method were resulted from new patterns of interaction. 56 If a servi
