1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 74及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the popularity of wifi. You should write at least 120 words but no more than
2、180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1. Section A （ A） It is really nice to change them. （ B） They ought to have been changed long ago. （ C） They are of wrong colors. （ D） They are still quite good. （ A） Mixed. （ B） Fascinated. （ C） Enthusiastic. （ D） Disinterested. （ A） Wait until the weathe
3、r gets better. （ B） Go to visit the park tomorrow. （ C） Walk around the city right now. （ D） Enjoy the snow scene in the park. （ A） Hell start a new business in properties. （ B） He has been left property there. （ C） Hes made a fortune from his aunt. （ D） His aunt wants his company there. （ A） They d
4、idnt attend the literature class. （ B） They asked Prof. Lane the same question. （ C） They knew the assignment of the literature class. （ D） They knew the answer to the question. （ A） He has already decided on his future plan. （ B） He would consult the woman if necessary. （ C） He doesnt want to consu
5、lt the woman at all. （ D） He doesnt have any idea what to do in the future. （ A） She wants to get enough food for the holiday period. （ B） The supermarket is closing down after the New Years Day. （ C） The man is going to help her with shopping. （ D） Tomorrow is the only day she is free before the Ne
6、w Years Day. （ A） The woman is good at English and computing. （ B） The woman is not capable of the job advertised. （ C） The man is refusing the womans application. （ D） English and computer skills are essential for the job. （ A） It is a boy. （ B） It was born on October 10th. （ C） It is a small baby.
7、 （ D） It is already out of the hospital. （ A） Some flowers. （ B） A pot plant. （ C） Some chocolates. （ D） A congratulating card. （ A） To go and visit Mary and her new baby. （ B） To purchase chocolates and a soft toy. （ C） To discuss further what to buy. （ D） To buy a baby carrier. （ A） The schedule o
8、f the school orientation day. （ B） The planning of the school year. （ C） The courses and the tests of the term. （ D） The timetable of the campus trip. （ A） The courses can be selected freely without any requirements. （ B） The talks on courses and their requirements will be given. （ C） All the course
9、s must be taken by all freshmen. （ D） There are more compulsory courses than optional ones. （ A） Tell the students how to select their courses. （ B） Advise the students to do extracurricular activities. （ C） Help the students to get familiar with the campus. （ D） Instruct the students to enjoy the s
10、ervices and activities. （ A） Decide what language to learn. （ B） Choose their own class. （ C） Have free time to visit the campus. （ D） Take a test of their second language proficiency. Section B （ A） Their lifestyle and culture. （ B） Their mood and condition. （ C） The dining environment. （ D） The am
11、ount of working time. （ A） The bad environment of restaurants. （ B） The wide access to unhealthy foods. （ C） Promotion of unprocessed food products. （ D） Lack of regular physical examination. （ A） Remove food labels. （ B） Eat. foods high in fiber. （ C） Look for foods high in salt. （ D） Weigh yoursel
12、f every day. （ A） They become more upset and worried. （ B） They pay more attention to their health. （ C） They are likely to intake more calories. （ D） They tend to eat some junk foods. （ A） Worse than they really are. （ B） Better than they really are. （ C） More competent but less confident. （ D） Wor
13、se than men in everything. （ A） They think highly of themselves. （ B） They are less competent than men. （ C） They lack self-confidence compared with men. （ D） They are discriminated in their companies. （ A） Being confined to entry-level jobs. （ B） Receiving a lower pay than they should. （ C） Advanci
14、ng more quickly. （ D） Gaining less working experience. （ A） They hide their emotions to others. （ B） They are puzzled by women. （ C） They share too much with others. （ D） They complain about others. （ A） Men tend to think less of their partners. （ B） They were brought up in different ways. （ C） Wome
15、n are more emotional than men. （ D） They have different thinking styles. （ A） To make others annoyed intentionally. （ B） To appear calm and firm in front of others. （ C） To avoid some unhappiness with friends. （ D） To protect partners or important others. Section C 26 More and more foreign students
16、experience their independent life in the quest to gain a western education. They【 B1】 _an unfamiliar culture, environment and social norms, while being away from family and friends. What would prospective(预期的 )overseas students do in their preparations to study overseas? Get to know your new home be
17、fore you land in it. There is no【 B2】 _for good preparation. Ann yourself with background knowledge by【 B3】 _information about the country you are going to. Learning about the history, culture, tradition, language and even details such as food, music, 【 B4】 _weather and social activities of your new
18、 host country are all essential. Thanks to the Internet, most of this can be found at the click of a【 B5】 _. Attitude is everything. Dont underestimate(低估 )the power of the mind in determining how events【 B6】 _Decide how to approach any situation, before you are placed in it. For example, a positive
19、 attitude toward your new home and hosts will【 B7】 _ Pack using your head and your heart. Its not easy being practical when deciding what to pack. Whatever you bring,【 B8】 _that will be something that you think might help your chances of【 B9】 _. This includes practical items such as study materials,
20、 old class notes, favorite textbooks or pens and even the contact details of previous teachers. Items such as an【 B10】 _with photographs of family can help you feel closer to home. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 The concept of
21、man versus machine is at least as old as the industrial revolution, but this phenomenon tends to be most acutely felt during economic downturns and slow recoveries. Since technology has such a big【 C1】 _for eating up human jobs, this phenomenon will continue to restructure our economy in ways we can
22、t immediately foresee. When there is exponential(指数的 ) 【 C2】 _in the price and performance of technology, jobs that were once thought to be【 C3】 _from automation suddenly become threatened. This is a powerful argument, and a scary one. And yet, John Hagel, author of The Power of Pull and other books
23、, says the argument misses the reason why these jobs are so vulnerable to technology in the first place. Hagel says we have designed jobs in the U. S. that tend to be tightly scripted and highly【 C4】 _ones that leave no room for individual initiative or creativity. In short, these are the types of j
24、obs that machines can【 C5】 _much better than human beings. That is how we have put a giant【 C6】 _sign on the backs of American workers. Its time to【 C7】 _the formula for how work is conducted, since we are still relying on a very 20th century【 C8】 _of work, Hagel says. In our【 C9】_changing economy,
25、we more than ever need people in the workplace who can take initiative and exercise their imagination to respond to【 C10】 _events. Thats not something machines are good at. They are designed to perform very predictable activities. A)appetite I)notion B)calculate J)perform C)competition K)rapidly D)d
26、istinct L)reinvent E)exceedingly M)standardized F)immune N)target G)improvement O)unexpected H)norm 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 Gas price warning as cold March leads to short supplies A)The cold snap in March could lead to B
27、ritains gas supplies running out next month, forcing the nation to pay higher prices for fuel from elsewhere, as the demand increased quickly during the coldest March in 50 years. Forecasts suggest that gas supplies in the UK will be exhausted by 8 April, requiring Britain to turn to imports from No
28、rway and Russia. The warning came on the day Scottish and Southern Energy, one of the UKs biggest power suppliers, warned that there could be electricity blackouts in the country within three years. A lack of gas storage facilities, and rapid reduction at the UKs North Sea gas fields, has led to the
29、 UK having as little as two days supply of the fuel in reserve. B)Though experts have warned of the problem for years, and the government has championed a “ dash for gas“ that would see a massive rise in demand for the fuel, little has been done to increase storage facilities. C)Ian Marchant, chief
30、executive of SSE(Scottish and Southern Energy), said there was a “very real risk of the lights going out“ within the next three years. SSE intends shutting down power plants, enough to have supplied 2 million homes, as the stations are either uneconomic or coming to the end of their lives. Other fir
31、ms are also planning to take power stations out of service, including the UKs fleet of ageing nuclear reactors, increasing the risk that demand for electricity will exceed the available supply. Marchant said: “It appears the government is significantly underestimating the scale of the capacity crunc
32、h(危急情况 )facing the UK in the next three years and there is a very real risk of the lights going out as a result. “ D)His comments follow warnings by Alistair Buchanan, the departing chief of Ofgem(Office of the Gas and Electricity Markets), that power shortages will be many times more likely in the
33、next five years. Government estimates suggest that energy bills could rise by 100 a year this winter. The warnings are a particular blow to George Osborne, the chancellor(大臣 ), who has championed a new “dash for gas“ in the UK, that would see gas take over as the dominant fuel in the UKs power gener
34、ation market. Much of the generating capacity that SSE plans to retire consists of gas-fired power stations, though the recent budget has given tax breaks for shale gas(页岩气 )extraction in the UK and indicated what could be the biggest expansion of UK gas-fired power in a generation. E)SSE said gas-f
35、ired power was uneconomic because of the fuels high price compared with coal. The move by SSE highlights the disputes over energy policy and energy generation, following upheavals(激变 )in the international markets for fossil fuels. It also brings into question whether targets to cut carbon dioxide ca
36、n be met. F)Andrew Pendleton, head of campaigns at Friends of the Earth, said energy firms were trying to hold the government to ransom(赎金 )by threatening power cut that would help them extract concessions to get financial benefits. The UK has only six big energy suppliers to households, which campa
37、igners say reduces competition and raises prices. G)Coal has become much cheaper because of the use of fossil fuel in the US in the past five years, where a massive increase in the supply of cheap gas is attributed to the controversial method of blasting dense rocks apart under high pressure. The co
38、al that would have been burned in the US is now available on international markets at cut-price, and has now become “ the preferred fuel“ , according to SSE. H)That is the opposite of what the government, and the EU intended by their energy policies in the past decade. Coal was supposed to become mo
39、re expensive than gas, because of the EUs emissions trading scheme, which puts a price on carbon emissions. That has not happened, because flaws within the system mean the price of carbon is near an all-time low, meaning coal-fired power stations are not penalised for their effect on the climate. I)
40、Marchant urged the government to bring forward reforms favouring gas. “ The government can reduce this risk of power cuts very easily, by taking swift action to provide much greater clarity on its electricity market reforms. “ J)An energy bill is under discussion by parliament at the moment. SSEs wa
41、rnings were dismissed by green campaigners as “an attempt to force the governments hand“. Pendleton said: “The risk is that these companies are holding us to ransom, in order to make the environment more favourable to their forms of generation. There is a lot at stake here. Basing our energy strateg
42、y on gas rather than clean forms of energy such as renewables means we could be held to ransom more and more in the future in this way. It could do a huge amount of harm. “ K)The government rebuffed(回绝 )the claims from SSE. John Hayes, minister for energy, said: “Were alive to the challenge facing u
43、s. The bill before parliament will set the conditions for the investment needed to keep Britains lights on in the long-term. The amount of spare power available today is currently comfortable. As old infrastructure(基础设施 )closes over the coming years we expect this margin to reduce but we will make s
44、ure it stays manageable. “ L)Most of the UKs nuclear power plants are planned for closure by 2022, and many coal-fired stations must be closed or run at reduced capacity within the next few years because of EU rules on pollution. M)Experts have warned for years of a looming “energy gap“ between dema
45、nd and supply. The building of wind farms and other forms of renewable energy, which were supposed to fill the gap, has been below expectations, in part due to planning laws. Hayes said: “We are not complacent(沾沾自喜 )about this. We are confident in our approach and in the responsiveness of the market
46、 in providing secure power supplies. “ Joss Garman, political director of Greenpeace, said: “ Not content with the profits theyre making from sky-high energy bills the gas industry now seems to be trying to hold everybody to ransom give us even more of your cash or well turn out the lights. “ N)Chea
47、p coal and the collapse of the carbon price have made gas burning less profitable, but thats a reason to ban unabated(未减弱的 )coal burning and reform the carbon market, not to give handouts to the big six energy companies. “ Gas-fired generation should only be a last-ditch backup for renewable energy
48、sources, and ministers should prioritise support for interconnectors, storage, and combined heat and power stations that would compliment renewables and guarantee we have secure power. “ 47 Many of the UKs nuclear power plants and coal-fired stations are planned to be shut down due to EU rules on po
49、llution. 48 The shutdown of power plants at Scottish and Southern Energy will cause the electricity shortage of 2 million homes. 49 The EU puts a price on carbon emissions in its emissions trading scheme. 50 According to SSE, gas-fired power was not economic, because gas was more expensive than coal. 51 The UK had to import fuel from other countries at higher prices, because the cold weather raised the demand for it. 52 Andrew Pendleton thought th
