1、大学英语四级（ 2013年 12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷 90及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Companies should encourage old employees(55 years old)to retire, in order to give opportu
2、nities to the new generation. To what extent do you agree or disagree? Section A （ A） The woman is a close friend of the man. （ B） The woman has been working too hard. （ C） The woman is seeing a doctor. （ D） The woman is tired of her work. （ A） He is an awful speaker. （ B） He gets nervous very easil
3、y. （ C） He is an inexperienced speaker. （ D） He hasn t prepared his speech well. （ A） She didnt like the books the man bought. （ B） The woman bought a lot of books. （ C） She wanted to see what the man bought. （ D） There wasnt a large selection at the bookstore. （ A） The man should shut the window ti
4、ghtly. （ B） The man should put some screws in the wood. （ C） The man should stick to his work. （ D） The man should use a tool to open the window. （ A） The number of rooms in the apartment. （ B） Trouble within the man s family. （ C） The reason why the man has so many clocks. （ D） What the woman shoul
5、d give to her family. （ A） The woman feels sorry for the man. （ B） The man is a member of the staff. （ C） The area is for passengers only. （ D） The woman is asking the man to leave. （ A） Clean her house while she is away. （ B） Buy her some plants and take care of them. （ C） Water her plants while sh
6、e is away. （ D） Water her plants when he is not at work. （ A） He will only be available in the afternoon. （ B） It s not his office hour. （ C） He doesn t have time. （ D） He is too tired after class. （ A） It is broken. （ B） It needs cleaning. （ C） It doesn t keep good time. （ D） It is out of battery.
7、（ A） 12 months. （ B） 15 months. （ C） 3 months. （ D） 9 months. （ A） It is reasonable. （ B） It should be not more than $3.99 plus tax. （ C） It should not be that high. （ D） $3.99 should also include the warranty. （ A） Until about 5:00 p.m. （ B） By tomorrow. （ C） In a few minutes. （ D） By this evening.
8、 （ A） To film a TV show. （ B） To tape a radio program. （ C） To attend a party. （ D） To see a live show. （ A） Not dress up. （ B） Wear casually. （ C） Try to be smart. （ D） Dress in bad taste. （ A） The man prefers working in television studios to working in radio studios. （ B） In TV studios, man should
9、 dress smart clothes. （ C） The woman agrees with the mans idea of taking off his ties and shoes. （ D） The man is going to dress some casual clothes after the conversation. Section B （ A） They strongly believe in family rules. （ B） They are very likely to succeed in life. （ C） They tend to take respo
10、nsibility for themselves. （ D） They are in the habit of obeying their parents. （ A） They grow up to be funny and charming. （ B） They often have a poor sense of direction. （ C） They get less attention from their parents. （ D） They tend to be smart and strong-willed. （ A） They usually don t follow fam
11、ily rules. （ B） They dont like to take chances in their lives. （ C） They are less likely to be successful in life. （ D） They tend to believe in their parent s ideas. （ A） Economic growth. （ B） Reducing unemployment. （ C） Social security. （ D） How to pay growing numbers of pensioners. （ A） Aging popu
12、lations will bankrupt government. （ B） Aging populations will erode economic vitality. （ C） Aging population will harm geopolitical strength. （ D） The truth is that such fears are widely exaggerated. （ A） Political will. （ B） Demographics. （ C） Social security. （ D） Medicare. （ A） Once a week. （ B）
13、Twice a week. （ C） Once a month. （ D） Twice a month. （ A） No one. （ B） One young man. （ C） His son. （ D） Mathew. （ A） Because he was poor. （ B） Because he wanted to retire. （ C） Because he couldnt do his job well. （ D） Because he was going somewhere. （ A） He cut Mathew s hair exactly as Mathew liked
14、 it. （ B） He cut Mathew s hair better than the old hairdresser. （ C） He cut Mathew s hair like his own. （ D） He cut Mathew s hair very badly. Section C 26 Is your family interested in buying a dog? A dog can be a happy【 B1】 _to your family, but if you choose the wrong kind of dog, the consequences c
15、an【 B2】_you a lot of trouble. Families should sit down and【 B3】 _discuss the problems involved before buying a dog. Even if the children in your family are the ones who want the dog, the parents are the ones who are really【 B4】 _for seeing that the animal is properly cared for. If you dont know much
16、 about dogs, its a good idea to go to the library or the ASPCA for books about【 B5】 _dogs, as well as books about how to train a puppy. In reading about the different breeds, you should know that a dog【 B6】 _as very alert or awake might be too excited and nervous. When a book describes a dog as an i
17、deal hunting dog, it probably means that the dog wont be happy living in a small【 B7】 _. Dog breeds vary in popularity as the years go by. One of the most popular dogs these days is the German shepherd. This is because it provides protection as well as【 B8】 _. The family should be warned that these
18、dogs grow up to be very big, and may be too powerful for children to【 B9】 _. If space is limited, a toy dog may be a good choice. These dogs are very small and easy to train. They dont need to be walked daily, since they can exercise in the space【 B10】_in the home. 27 【 B1】 28 【 B2】 29 【 B3】 30 【 B4
19、】 31 【 B5】 32 【 B6】 33 【 B7】 34 【 B8】 35 【 B9】 36 【 B10】 Section A 36 These days, people who do【 C1】 _work often receive far more money than people who work in offices. People who work in offices are frequently referred to as “white-collar“ workers for the simple reason that they usually wear a(an)
20、【 C2】_and tie to go to work. Such is human nature, that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the【 C3】 _of becoming white-collar workers. This can give【 C4】 _to curious situations, as it did in the case of Alfred Bloggs who worked as a(an) 【 C5】 _for the Ellesmere Corpora
21、tion. When he got married, Alf was too【 C6】 _to say anything to his wife about his job. He simply told her that he worked for the Corporation. Every morning, he left home dressed in a smart black suit. He then【 C7】 _into overalls and spent the next eight hours as a dustman.【 C8】 _returning home at n
22、ight, he took a shower and changed back into his suit. Alf did this for over two years and his fellow dustmen kept his secret. Alf s wife has never【 C9】 _that she married a dustman and she never will, for Alf has just found another job. He will soon be working in an office. He will be earning only h
23、alf as much as he used to, but he feels that his rise in【 C10】 _is well worth the loss of money. From now on, he will wear a suit all day and others will call him “Mr. Bloggs“, not “Alf. A)knowledge B)rise C)discovered D)privilege E)embarrassed F)collar G)strengthened H)envious I)status J)changed K)
24、before L)mental M)dustman N)manual O)willing 37 【 C1】 38 【 C2】 39 【 C3】 40 【 C4】 41 【 C5】 42 【 C6】 43 【 C7】 44 【 C8】 45 【 C9】 46 【 C10】 Section B 46 How to Make Attractive and Effective PowerPoint Presentations A)Microsoft PowerPoint has dramatically changed the way in which academic and business pr
25、esentations are made. This article outlines few tips on making more effective and attractive PowerPoint presentations. The Text B)Keep the wording clear and simple. Use active, visual language. Cut unnecessary words a good rule of thumb is to cut paragraphs down to sentences, sentences into phrases,
26、 and phrases into key words. Limit the number of words and lines per slide. Try the Rule of Five-five words per line, five lines per slide. If too much text appears on one slide, use the AutoFit feature to split it between two slides. Click within the placeholder to display the AutoFit Options butto
27、n(its symbol is two horizontal lines with arrows above and below), then click on the button and choose Split Text between Two Slides from the submenu. C)Font size for titles should be at least 36 to 40, while the text body should not be smaller than 24. Use only two font styles per slide one for the
28、 title and the other for the text. Choose two fonts that visually contrast with each other. Garamond Medium Condensed and Impact are good for titles, while Garamond or Tempus Sans can be used for the text body. D)Embed the fonts in your presentation, if you are not sure whether the fonts used in the
29、 presentation are present in the computer that will be used for the presentation. To embed the fonts:(1)On the File menu, click Save As.(2)On the toolbar, click Tools, click Save Options, select the Embed TrueType Fonts check box, and then select Embed characters in use only. E)Use colors sparingly;
30、 two to three at most. You may use one color for all the titles and another for the text body. Be consistent from slide to slide. Choose a font color that contrasts well with the background. F)Capitalizing the first letter of each word is good for the title of slides and suggests a more formal situa
31、tion than having just the first letter of the first word capitalized. In bullet point lines, capitalize the first word and no other words unless they normally appear capped. Upper and lower case lettering is more readable than all capital letters. Moreover, current styles indicate that using all cap
32、ital letters means you are shouting. If you have: text that is in the wrong case, select the text, and then click Shift+F3 until it changes to the case style that you like. Clicking Shift+F3 toggles the text case between ALL CAPS, lower case, and Initial Capital styles. G)Use bold or italic typeface
33、 for emphasis. Avoid underlining, it clutters up the presentation. Dont center bulleted lists or text. It is confusing to read. Left align unless you have a good reason not to. Run “spell check“ on your show when finished. The Background H)Keep the background consistent. Simple, light textured backg
34、rounds work well. Complicated textures make the content hard to read. If you are planning to use many clips in your slides, select a white background. If the venue of your presentation is not adequately light-proof, select a dark-colored background and use any light color for text. Minimize the use
35、of “bells and whistles“ such as sound effects, “flying words“ and multiple transitions. Dont use red in any fonts or backgrounds. It is an emotionally overwhelming color that is difficult to see and read. The Clips I)Animations are best used subtly; too much flash and motion can distract and annoy v
36、iewers. Do not rely too heavily on those images that were originally loaded on your computer with the rest of Office. You can easily find appropriate clips on any topic through Google Images. While searching for images, do not use long search phrases as is usually done while searching the web-use sp
37、ecific words. J)When importing pictures, make sure that they are smaller than two megabytes and are in a jpg format. Larger files can slow down your show. Keep graphs, charts and diagrams simple, if possible. Use bar graphs and pie charts instead of tables of data. The audience can then immediately
38、pick up the relationships. The Presentation K)If you want your presentation to directly open in the slide show view, save it as a slide show file using the following steps. Open the presentation you want to save as a slide show. On the File menu, click Save As. In the Save as type list, click PowerP
39、oint Show. Your slide show file will be saved with a ppt file extension. When you double-click on this file, it will automatically start your presentation in slide show view. When youre done, PowerPoint automatically closes and you return to the desktop. If you want to edit the slide show file, you
40、can always open it from PowerPoint by clicking Open on the File menu. L)Look at the audience, not at the slides, whenever possible. If using a laser pointer, dont move it too fast. For example, if circling a number on the slide, do it slowly. Never point the laser at the audience. Black out the scre
41、en(use “B“ on the keyboard)after the point has been made, to put the focus on you. Press the key again to continue your presentation. M)You can use the shortcut command Ctrl P to access the Pen tool during a slide show. Click with your mouse and drag to use the Pen tool to draw during your slide sho
42、w. To erase everything you ve drawn, press the E key. To turn off the Pen tool, press Esc once. Miscellaneous N)Master Slide Set-Up: The “master slide“ will allow you to make changes that are reflected on every slide in your presentation. You can change fonts, colors, backgrounds, headers, and foote
43、rs at the “master slide“ level. First, go to the “View“ menu. Pull down the “Master“ menu. Select the “slide master“ menu. You may now make changes at this level that meet your presentation needs. 47 When making the PowerPoint, the wording of the text should not be complicated. 48 When importing pic
44、tures, make sure that they are smaller than 2MB. 49 A more formal situation is capitalizing the first letter of the first word. 50 Centering bulleted lists or text is confusing to read. 51 The ways in which academic and business presentations are made have been changed by Microsoft PowerPoint. 52 Pr
45、essing the E key can help you to erase everything you ve drawn. 53 In each slide, the font styles for the title and the text should contrast with each other. 54 In order to meet your presentation needs, you can make changes at the “slide master“ level. 55 Sound effects should be used as less frequen
46、tly as possible. 56 When making the presentation, you should look at the audience as possible as you can. Section C 56 Man is endlessly inventive. But his greatest invention is non-invention, the skill of transmitting intact(完美无损的 )and unchanged from one generation to the next the fundamental ways o
47、f doing things which he learned from the generation which preceded him. Children are conceived and reared, houses built, fish caught, and enemies killed in much the same way by most of the members of any society; and these patterns are maintained for relatively long periods of time. From the perspec
48、tive of those in each new generation, and for the society as an enduring, historical entity(统一 的 ), this process of cultural transmission yields enormous economy. Thanks to it, each generation need not rediscover at great cost in time and subject to great risk of failure, what those coming before ha
49、ve already learned. Not only is knowledge thus conserved, but the basis for communal life, resting on common information and understanding is thus established. Since all those in each generation receive more or less the same cultural heritage from the preceding generation, they can more easily relate to one another and more effectively coordinate their actions. The grand total of all the objects, ideas, knowledge, ways of doing things, habits values,
