1、大学英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 7及答案与解析 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 0 Violin prodigies (神童 ), I learned, have come i
2、n distinct waves from distinct regions. Most of the great performers of the late 19th and early 20th centuries were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe. I asked Isaac Stern, one of the worlds greatest violinists, the reason for this phenomenon. “It is very clear,“ he told me. “They were
3、 all Jews (犹太人 ) and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill-treated in that part of the world. They were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage. “ As a result, every Jewish parents dream was to have a child in the music scho
4、ol because it was a passport to the West. Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society that values excellence in a certain field and is able to nurture (培育 ) talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. “In Japan, a most competitive society with
5、stronger discipline than ours, “ says Isaac Stem, “children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War II, that music not only became part of their daily lives, but it became a discipline as well“. The Koreans and Chines
6、e as we know, are just as highly motivated as the Japanese. Thats a good thing, because even prodigies must work hard. Next to hard work, biological inheritance plays an important role in the making of a prodigy. J. S. Bach, for example, was the top of several generations of musicians, and four of h
7、is sons had significant careers in music. 1 Jewish parents in Eastern Europe longed for their children to attend music school because _. （ A） it would allow them access to a better life in the West （ B） Jewish children are born with excellent musical talent （ C） they wanted their children to enter i
8、nto the professional field （ D） it would enable the family to get better treatment in their own country 2 Nurturing societies as mentioned in the passage refer to societies that_. （ A） enforce strong discipline on students who want to achieve excellence （ B） treasure talent and provide opportunities
9、 for its full development （ C） encourage people to compete with each other （ D） promise talented children high positions 3 Japan is described in the passage as a country that attaches importance to_. （ A） all-round development （ B） the learning of Western music （ C） strict training of children （ D）
10、variety in academic studies 4 Which of the following contributes to the emergence of musical prodigies according to the passage? （ A） A natural gift. （ B） Extensive knowledge of music. （ C） Very early training. （ D） A prejudice-free society. 5 Which of the following titles best summarizes the main i
11、dea of the passage? （ A） Jewish Contribution to Music. （ B） Training of Musicians in the World. （ C） Music and Society. （ D） The Making of Prodigies. 5 The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness
12、. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain. As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inev
13、itably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment (承担的义务 ), self-improvement. Ask a bachelor (单身汉 ) why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of maki
14、ng a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features. Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole nights sleep or a three-day vacation. I dont know a
15、ny parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couple who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild. Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating r
16、ealizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes mat will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand tha
17、t all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all. 6 According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because _. （ A） he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities （ B） he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single （ C） he finds more f
18、un in dating than in marriage （ D） he fears it will put an end to all his fun, adventure and excitement 7 Raising children, in the authors opinion, is _. （ A） a moral duty （ B） a thankless job （ C） a rewarding task （ D） a source of inevitable pain 8 From the last paragraph, we learn that envy someti
19、mes stems from _. （ A） hatred （ B） misunderstanding （ C） prejudice （ D） ignorance 9 To understand what true happiness is one must_. （ A） have as much fun as possible during ones lifetime （ B） make every effort to liberate oneself from pain （ C） put up with pain under all circumstances （ D） be able t
20、o distinguish happiness from fun 10 What is the author trying to tell us? （ A） Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain. （ B） One must know how to attain happiness. （ C） It is important to make commitments. （ D） It is pain that leads to happiness. 10 Foxes and farmers have never got on well. Thes
21、e small dog-like animals have long been accused of killing farm animals. They are officially classified as harmful and farmers try to keep their numbers down by shooting or poisoning them. Farmers can also call on the services of their local hunt to control the fox population. Hunting consists of pu
22、rsuing a fox across the countryside, with a group of specially trained dogs, followed by men and women riding horses. When the dogs eventually catch the fox, they kill it or a hunter shoots it. People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport; they wear a special uniform of red coats and white
23、 trousers, and follow strict codes of behavior. But owning a horse and hunting regularly is expensive, so most hunters are wealthy. It is estimated that up to 100,000 people watch or take part in fox hunting. But over the last couple of decades the number of people opposed to fox hunting, because th
24、ey think it is brutal (残酷的 ), has risen sharply. Nowadays it is rare for a hunt to pass off without some kind of confrontation (冲突 ) between hunters and hunt saboteurs (阻拦者 ). Sometimes these incidents lead to violence, but mostly saboteurs interfere with the hunt by misleading riders and disturbing
25、 the trail of the foxs smell, which the dogs follow. Noisy confrontations between hunters and saboteurs have become so common that they are almost as much a part of hunting as the pursuit of foxes itself. But this year supporters of fox hunting face a much bigger threat to their sport. A Labour Part
26、y member of the Parliament, Mike Foster, is trying to get Parliament to approve a new law which will make the hunting of wild animals with dogs illegal. If the law is passed, wild animals like foxes will be protected under the ban in Britain. 11 Rich people in Britain have been hunting foxes_. （ A）
27、for recreation （ B） in the interests of the farmers （ C） to limit the fox population （ D） to show off their wealth 12 What is special about fox hunting in Britain? （ A） It involves the use of a deadly poison. （ B） It is a costly event which rarely occurs. （ C） The hunters have set rules to follow. （
28、 D） The hunters have to go through strict training. 13 Fox hunting opponents often interfere in the game_. （ A） by resorting to violence （ B） by confusing the fox hunters （ C） by taking legal action （ D） by demonstrating on the scene 14 A new law may be passed by the British Parliament to_. （ A） pro
29、hibit farmers from hunting foxes （ B） forbid hunting foxes with dogs （ C） stop hunting wild animals in the countryside （ D） prevent large-scale fox hunting 15 It can be inferred from the passage that_. （ A） killing foxes with poison is illegal （ B） limiting the fox population is unnecessary （ C） hun
30、ting foxes with dogs is considered cruel and violent （ D） fox-hunting often leads to confrontation between the poor and the rich 15 Most episodes of absent-mindedness forgetting where you left something or wondering why you just entered a room are caused by a simple lack of attention, says Schacter.
31、 “Youre supposed to remember something, but you havent encoded it deeply.“ Encoding, Schacter explains, is a special way of paying attention to an event that has a major impact on recalling it later. Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations. If you put your mobile phone in a pocket,
32、 for example, and dont pay attention to what you did because youre involved in a conversation, youll probably forget that the phone is in the jacket now hanging in your wardrobe (衣柜 ). “Your memory itself isnt failing you,“says Schacter. “Rather, you didnt give your memory system the information it
33、needed.“ Lack of interest can also lead to absent-mindedness. “A man who can recite sports statistics from 30 years ago,“ says Zelinski, “may not remember to drop a letter in the mailbox.“ Women have slightly better memories than men, possibly because they pay more attention to their environment, an
34、d memory relies on just that. Visual cues can help prevent absent-mindedness, says Schacter. “But be sure the cue is clear and available,“ he cautions. If you want to remember to take a medication (药物 ) with lunch, put the pill bottle on the kitchen table dont leave it in the medicine chest and writ
35、e yourself a note that you keep in a pocket. Another common episode of absent-mindedness: walking into a room and wondering why youre there. Most likely, you were thinking about something else. “Everyone does this from time to time,“ says Zelinski. The best thing to do is to return to where you were
36、 before entering the room, and youll likely remember. 16 Why does the author think that encoding properly is very important? （ A） It helps us understand our memory system better. （ B） It enables us to recall something from our memory. （ C） It expands our memory capacity considerably. （ D） It slows d
37、own the process of losing our memory. 17 One possible reason why women have better memories than men is that_. （ A） they have a wider range of interests （ B） they are more reliant on the environment （ C） they have an unusual power of focusing their attention （ D） they are more interested in whats ha
38、ppening around them 18 A note in the pocket can hardly serve as a reminder because _. （ A） it will easily get lost （ B） its not clear enough for you to read （ C） its out of your sight （ D） it might get mixed up with other things 19 What do we learn from the last paragraph? （ A） If we focus our atten
39、tion on one thing, we might forget another. （ B） Memory depends to a certain extent on the environment. （ C） Repetition helps improve our memory. （ D） If we keep forgetting things, wed better return to where we were. 20 What is the passage mainly about? （ A） The process of gradual memory loss. （ B）
40、The causes of absent-mindedness. （ C） The impact of the environment on memory. （ D） A way of encoding and recalling. 大学英语四级（阅读）模拟试卷 7答案与解析 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four
41、choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 【知识模块】 阅读 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 原文首段最后一句提到，所有犹太人父母的梦想就是让孩子上音乐学校，由 because引导的从句解释了原因，即因为这是通往西方世界的通行证。 A项为原文的同义改写，故选 A。 B、 D在文中没有提及，原文中说进入professional field是不被允许的，故 C不符合。 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 nurturing societies出现在文中第 2段第 2句，很显然 nu
42、rturing society指的是前一句说的 “重视在某一特定领域中的优异表现，能培养才能的社会 ”， B与原文相符。 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 日本在文中作为典型的 nurturing society的例子，之后提到日本社会竞争激烈 ，注重规范和纪律，结合这两点可知， C正确。 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 最后一段第 2句提到，遗传在天才的产生上也起很重要的作用，即天赋，故选 A。其他三项在文中并未提及。 【知识模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本文中， prodigies是一个关键词，四个选项中只有 D包含了这一关
43、键词。其他三个选项都只是文中的局部信息，不是文章主旨，均排除。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 6 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析 】 第 3段第 2句解释了单身汉为什么不愿结婚的原因， A项的reluctant to take on family responsibilities是对原文中 afraid of making a commitment的同义替换，故选 A。本题中 D项的干扰性比较强，但这不是单身汉不愿结婚的直接原因，且文中也说到 Marriage has such moments，所以 put an end的说法也不正确，故排除。 【知识模块】 阅读 7 【正确答案】 C
44、 【试题解析】 原文第 4段中说，虽然养孩子的过程实 在不能算是 “有趣 ”，但决定不要孩子的夫妇们永远也不能了解看着孩子长大的那种欢乐以及与孙儿一起玩耍的欢乐。换言之，在作者看来，养孩子虽辛苦，但也是值得的，故答案为 C。 【知识模块】 阅读 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 文章最后一段最后一句说它还让我们从嫉妒中解脱出来：我们现在了解到那些总有很多乐趣的人也许根本就不幸福。这说明我们嫉妒别人是误以为那些总有很多乐趣的人很幸福，这是一种误解，故选 B。 【知识模块】 阅读 9 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 由文章第 1段和最后一段 第 1句可看出要理解真正的幸福就要把fun和 happ
45、iness区分开，故选 D。 【知识模块】 阅读 10 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题是主旨题。主旨题的答案常位于首段或结尾段。本题的答案可以在文章第 1段最后一句找到：通往幸福的路上多半会涉及到痛苦，因此本题选A。 D中虽也提到 pain，但对分强调 pain对幸福的作用，故错误。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 11 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 事实细节题。根据第 3段第 1句的前半部分 People who take part in hunting think of it as a sport可知，参加捕杀的人们把猎杀狐狸当成是一种运动， A与之相符。 【知识模块】 阅
46、读 12 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 事实细节题。根据第 3段首句末尾说，凡是参加的人都要遵循严格的行为准则， C“猎手已建立起需要遵循的规则 ”与之相符故选 C。 【知识模块】 阅读 13 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 事实细节题。第 4段末句提到，在大部分情况下，阻拦者利用为骑马的人引错路和进行气味干扰来干涉捕猎， B与 之相符，故选 B。 【知识模块】 阅读 14 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 事实细节题。文章倒数第 2句提及，督促议会通过一项新法案，将带狗猎杀野生动物列为非法。而狐狸是野生动物的一种。故选 B。 【知识模块】 阅读 15 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 推断题。
47、根据第 4段第 2句后半部分可知，反对捕猎狐狸的人数在上升是因为他们认为捕猎狐狸是残酷的，故选 C。 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 16 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 事实细节题。根据第 2段第 1句可知， encoding是关注某事的一种特殊方式，这影响到以后是否能回忆起这件事来，因此 B正确。 【知识模块】 阅读 17 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 事实细节题。根据第 3段第 3句， “女性比男性的记忆力稍强，这也许是因为她们对周围的环境更加注意，而记忆正是依靠这个 ”，故选 D“她们对于周围发生的事更感兴趣 ”。 【知识模块】 阅读 18 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 事实细节题。根据第 4段首句中说到的 “视觉线索可以防止遗忘某事 ”可知破折号之后的警告 “不要把药瓶放在药箱里， 然后写一张纸条装进口袋 ”正是为了防止药瓶、提示性信条离开了视线，故选 C。 【知识模块】 阅读 19 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 推断题。根据最后一段的前两句 “心不在焉的另一个常见的情景是：走进房间，却不知为什么要进来。你很有可能是在想别的事 ”，可知本题答案为 A。 【知识模块】 阅读 20 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 主旨题。根据第 1、 3、 5段的首句可以得出，本文主要讲的是精神不集中的原因，故选 B。 【知识模块】 阅读
