1、托福模拟试卷 45及答案与解析 0 Narrator Listen to a conversation between two students after a science class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 1 Which expression is NOT true according to the conversation? （ A） Biology is an exact science. （ B） Robotics is a branch
2、of science. （ C） Science may also bring about disasters. （ D） Science is knowledge of facts and laws. 2 According to the conversation, what have people dreamed of since ancient times? （ A） Ordering food at home. （ B） Leaving their home planet. （ C） Receiving education at home. （ D） Getting rid of gr
3、eat wars. 3 What does Student B mean when he says this? （ A） Its hard to imagine an emotionally independent machine. （ B） Many new things nowadays were once ridiculous dreams. （ C） The technological changes have greatly influenced our life. （ D） People communicate better and live a more comfortable
4、life. 4 How do the students clarify the benefits and disadvantages that science has brought to us? （ A） By giving definitions. （ B） By citing examples. （ C） By offering causes and results. （ D） By showing sequences. 5 Whats the students general attitude towards science? （ A） Negative. （ B） Positive.
5、 （ C） Indifferent. （ D） Unknown. 5 Narrator Listen to a conversation between a foreign student and a professor. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 6 What is the conversation mainly about? （ A） The importance of vocabulary learning. （ B） The size of voca
6、bulary. （ C） Vocabulary learning styles. （ D） Vocabulary building strategies. 7 According to the professor, which are true expressions for vocabulary learning? Clink on 2 answers. （ A） Vocabulary learning is not so complex as most people think. （ B） English learners should never stop learning new vo
7、cabulary. （ C） English learners should try to use specialized words in daily life. （ D） Learning differences between words are a problem-solving process. 8 What is NOT mentioned for vocabulary learning according to the professor? （ A） Using new words in a different setting. （ B） Reading words loud o
8、n a daily basis. （ C） Making individualized word cards. （ D） Enjoying acquisition of words. 9 If one wants to learn current English used in television news programs, which way is NOT correct according to the professor? （ A） Listing single words one hears more than once on those programs headings. （
9、B） Listing pairs of words that seem to occur together in news programs. （ C） Listening to the same news broadcast often and charting the words one recognizes. （ D） Learning the specialized words in the news which you havent known. 10 Why does the professor mention “mechanical engineering“? （ A） To s
10、how that words in mechanical engineering are more specialized and more difficult. （ B） To show that words in some major fields are more difficult to learn than the words used daily. （ C） To show that different learning purposes result in different vocabulary learning strategies. （ D） To show that on
11、ly people in mechanical engineering need to learn vocabulary in this field. 10 Narrator Listen to part of a talk in a history class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 11 In which part can we find the general wealth of the Mayan population? （ A） The nor
12、thern part. （ B） The southern part. （ C） The central part. （ D） The western part. 12 Which is NOT true about the central area? （ A） It was often hot and rainy in central areas. （ B） Most of the Mayan population lived in this area. （ C） There were few plants or trees in this area. （ D） Most of the cu
13、ltural accomplishments came from this area. 13 What caused problems for the farmers near the market centers? （ A） The poor climate. （ B） The lack of water. （ C） The increase in population. （ D） The bad quality of soil. 14 Why does the professor say this? （ A） Because the central area was very famous
14、 during that period. （ B） Because the central area was the largest area at that time. （ C） Because thousands of people came in from the countryside. （ D） Because many large ceremonial centers were there also as market places. 15 What caused the collapse of the market centers according to the talk?Cl
15、ink on 2 answers. （ A） Pollution. （ B） Poverty. （ C） Dry weather. （ D） Overcrowding. 16 What can be inferred about the Mayan culture? （ A） Mayan civilization began to decline around 900 AD. （ B） Historians are not sure about the reason for the decline. （ C） The study of Mayan civilization has become
16、 very popular now. （ D） Mayan civilization will flourish again in the future. 16 Narrator Listen to part of talk in an economy class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 17 What is the talk mainly about? （ A） The satisfactory “buy-now, pay-later“ credit
17、system. （ B） The ways the credit companies use to issue credit cards. （ C） The classification and advantages and disadvantages of credit cards. （ D） The difference between store credit cards and other credit cards. 18 Why does the professor mention VISA and American Express? （ A） To show examples of
18、 store credit cards. （ B） To show examples of credit companies. （ C） To show advantages of credit cards. （ D） To show disadvantages of credit cards. 19 Which expression is NOT true according to the professor? （ A） In a credit system the buyer may get goods and pay later. （ B） Most large credit compa
19、nies are connected to large banks. （ C） Airplane tickets can be bought with credit cards. （ D） Store credit cards can be used to buy things anywhere. 20 How does the professor clarify the advantages of using credit cards? （ A） By comparing credit cards with other means. （ B） By citing examples of ho
20、w to use credit cards. （ C） By listing the merits of using credit cards. （ D） By making a classification of credit cards. 21 What is the professors reason for saying this? （ A） Because the consumer has already used many credit cards. （ B） Because the consumer has spent too much money buying things.
21、（ C） Because the consumer overspends and cannot make her payments. （ D） Because the consumer forgets to pay her credit bill. 22 Whats the professors general attitude towards using credit cards? （ A） Positive. （ B） Negative. （ C） Neutral. （ D） Doubtful. 22 Narrator Listen to part of a lecture in a co
22、mputer science class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 23 What is the talk mainly about? （ A） The function of computers. （ B） The operation of computers. （ C） The disadvantages of computers. （ D） The emergence of computer crimes. 24 Why does the profe
23、ssor say this? （ A） To get the exact number of students who can operate a computer. （ B） To ask a warm-up question and lead to the topic of his lecture. （ C） To check how many students have good skills of operation. （ D） To show the popularity of using computers in students life. 25 What has created
24、 opportunities for computer crimes? （ A） The increased production of computers. （ B） The skillful operation of computers. （ C） The increasing number of people using computers. （ D） The availability of computer networks. 26 What kinds of computer users are police becoming increasingly concerned about
25、? Clink on 2 answers. （ A） Users who can gain access to large websites. （ B） Users who can gain access to private information. （ C） Users who can gain access to government websites. （ D） Users who can gain access to secret information. 27 Why does the professor mention the movie War Games! （ A） To i
26、llustrate the expertise in computer operation. （ B） To give an example of the computers functions. （ C） To show how a high school boy accessed military information. （ D） To prove the danger of a wrong person accessing a computer network. 28 According to the talk, what can NOT be concluded? （ A） Ther
27、e are more and more computer crimes nowadays. （ B） The expertise in computer operation can sometimes lead to crimes. （ C） People commit computer crimes to challenge modern technology. （ D） The police and justice departments are worried about computer crimes. 28 Narrator Listen to part of a lecture i
28、n a sociology class. Now get ready to answer the questions. You may use your notes to help you answer. 29 What is the talk mainly about? （ A） The main function of the American housing system. （ B） The serious problems of the American housing system. （ C） The social and economic changes of the Americ
29、an housing. （ D） The developing tendencies of the American housing system. 30 What is NOT true according to the talk? （ A） The changes in family size have affected the size of houses. （ B） One out of four married couples divorce in America. （ C） In the U. S. , many people would rather rent an apartm
30、ent than buy a house. （ D） People form cooperatives in order to spend less money on houses. 31 Why do some people move back to cities? （ A） Because they want to be closer to a city life. （ B） Because they can save time driving to work. （ C） Because they can save the cost of driving long distances to
31、 work. （ D） Because they think its more convenient to live near the workplace. 32 What indicates the economic effect on American housing?Clink on 2 answers. （ A） Inflation has increased the cost of housing. （ B） People earn less and less than before. （ C） There is a serious shortage of energy. （ D）
32、Interest rates have become very high. 33 What can be concluded from the lecture? （ A） Inflation has made the interest on housing loans 18% higher than before. （ B） Living underground can help lower the cost of heating and lighting. （ C） Most Americans with moderate earnings now can manage to buy apa
33、rtments. （ D） Unemployment and depression in housing industry result from social and economic changes. 34 Why are mobile houses built? （ A） For convenience. （ B） To lower the cost. （ C） To obtain a loan from the bank more easily. （ D） To accomodate all the workers of a factory. 一、 Sections Three： Re
34、ading Comprehension 34 Cultural Shock“Culture shock“ might be called an occupational disease of people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad. Like most ailments, it has its own symptoms and cure. Culture shock is precipitated by the anxiety that results from losing all our signs and symbols of
35、social intercourse. Those signs or cues include the thousand and one ways in which we orient ourselves to the situation of daily life; when to shake hands and what to say when we meet people, when and how to give tips, how to make purchases, when to accept and when to refuse invitations, when to tak
36、e statements seriously and when not. Now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar cues are removed. He or she is like a fish out of water. No matter how broad-minded or full of goodwill you may be, a series of props has been knocked out from under you, followed by a
37、 feeling of frustration and anxiety. People react to the frustration in much the same way. First they reject the environment which causes the discomfort. “The ways of the host country are bad because they make us feel bad. “ When foreigners in a strange land get together to grouse about the host cou
38、ntry and its people, you can be sure they are suffering from culture shock. Another phase of culture shock is regression. The home environment suddenly assumes a tremendous importance. To the foreigner everything becomes irrationally glorified. All the difficulties and problems are forgotten and onl
39、y the good things back home are remembered. It usually takes a trip home to bring one back to reality. Individuals differ greatly in the degree in which culture shock affects them.(A) Although not common, there are individuals who cannot live in foreign countries.(B) During the first few weeks most
40、individuals are fascinated by the new.(C) They stay in hotels and associate with nationals who speak their language and are polite and gracious to foreigners.(D) This honeymoon stage may last from a few days or weeks to six months, depending on circumstances. If one is very important, he or she will
41、 be brought to visit the show places, will be pampered and petted, and in a press interview will speak glowingly about goodwill and international friendship. But this mentality does not normally last if the foreign visitor remains abroad and needs to seriously cope with real conditions of life. It i
42、s then that the second stage begins, characterized by a hostile and aggressive attitude toward the host country. This hostility evidently grows out of the genuine difficulty which the visitor experiences in the process of adjustment. There are house troubles, transportation troubles, shopping troubl
43、es, and the fact that people in the host country are largely indifferent to all these troubles. They help, but they dont understand your great concern over these difficulties. Therefore, they must be insensitive and unsympathetic to you and your worries. The result, “I just dont like them. “ You bec
44、ome aggressive, you band together with others from your country and criticize the host country, its ways, and its people. But this criticism is not an objective appraisal. You take refuge in the colony of others from your country which often becomes the fountainhead of emotionally charged labels kno
45、wn as stereotypes. This is a peculiar kind of offensive shorthand which caricatures the host country and its people in a negative manner. The “dollar grasping American“ and the “indolent Latin American“ are samples of mild forms of stereotypes. The second stage of culture shock is, in a sense, a cri
46、sis in the disease. If you come out of it, you leave before you reach the stage of a nervous breakdown. If visitors succeed in acquiring some knowledge of the language and begin to get around by themselves, they are beginning to open the way into the new cultural environment. Visitors still have dif
47、ficulties but they take a “this is my problem and I have to bear it“ attitude. Usually in this stage visitors take a superior attitude to people of the host country. Their sense of humor begins to exert itself. Instead of criticizing, they joke about the people and even crack jokes about their own d
48、ifficulties. They are now on the way to recovery. 35 The word precipitated in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_. （ A） protected （ B） detected （ C） treated （ D） caused 36 According to the passage, what should people do while visiting a foreign culture? （ A） To avoid culture shock. （ B） To joke ab
49、out culture shock. （ C） To enjoy culture shock. （ D） To adjust to culture shock. 37 The signs or cues of culture shock given by the author involve all of the following EXCEPT_. （ A） when and how to give tips （ B） when to take statements seriously and when not （ C） how to treat sick and injured people （ D） how to go shopping and make purchases 38 The word grouse in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to_. （ A） talk （ B） complain （ C） speak （ D） tell 39 According to Paragraph 5, when one is in the second stage of culture shock, one （ A） is polite and graciou
