1、托福（阅读）模拟试卷 2及答案与解析 一、 Sections Three： Reading Comprehension 1 What does the professor mean by the following statement: Poet and humorist Ogden Nash tried but failed to adapt himself to the academic and later the business world. （ A） He was a better businessman than he was a teacher. （ B） He did not
2、succeed in either teaching or business. （ C） He tried teaching before he finally succeeded in business. （ D） He made no effort to succeed in teaching and business. 2 What does the professor mean by the following statement: After hitting a bar several times with similar results, an animal learns that
3、 it can get food by pressing the bar. （ A） An animal is able to press the bar more after it is fed three or four times. （ B） Three or four animals are used in the experiment with similar results. （ C） There are several trials by an animal before the food is released. （ D） An animal learns how to get
4、 food by hitting a bar. 3 What does the professor mean by the following statement: Although he wrote many short stories, it was a poem, The Raven,“ that brought Poe his greatest recognition as a writer. （ A） Poe is remembered more for a poem than for his short stories. （ B） The Raven is less well-kn
5、own than Poes short stories. （ C） Poe is famous for writing both short stories and poetry. （ D） Poe wrote more short stories than poems during his career. 4 What does the professor mean by the following statement: It was an atom that contained in the form of pure energy the fundamental components of
6、 the entire universe. （ A） The universe was made up of many atoms of pure energy. （ B） The effect of a pure atom in the universe was to produce energy. （ C） Everything in the universe was reduced to pure energy in one atom. （ D） The energy in the universe was stored in pure atoms. 5 What does the pr
7、ofessor mean by the following statement: Although a bear does not eat during the winter, sustaining itself from body fat, its temperature remains almost normal, and it breathes regularly. （ A） When a bear survives on body fat instead of eating, its temperature and respiration are reduced. （ B） Not e
8、ating during the winter does not affect the bears breathing, but it does affect its temperature. （ C） During the winter, the bears temperature is normal and its respiration is regular, but it does not require food. （ D） The bears diet of fat during the winter does not affect its temperature and resp
9、iration. 6 What does the professor mean by the following statement: It is generally true that as long as the CEO maintains the confidence of the board of directors, they will not intervene to dictate specific policies. （ A） Policies are dictated by the board with the approval of the CEO. （ B） The bo
10、ard will assume control only if they lose confidence in the CEO. （ C） The confidence of the CEO is important to decisions that the board makes. （ D） The intervention by the CEO in board policies does not occur often. 7 What does the professor mean by the following statement: Temperature variations c
11、ause pressure differences in the air. （ A） Fluctuations in the air pressure are a result of changes in temperature. （ B） Changes in the air pressure and temperature vary at different times. （ C） The temperature is usually different from the air pressure. （ D） Changeable temperatures are caused by re
12、versals in the wind. 8 What does the professor mean by the following statement: To maintain a healthy body weight, an animal must balance energy intake with energy output, largely by metabolic activity and regular physical exertion. （ A） Metabolism regulates activity and exercise reduces body weight
13、 for a healthy life style. （ B） A healthy life style includes exercise in order to control weight gain that is caused by the metabolism. （ C） Metabolism and exercise are ways to stabilize consumption and production of energy for a healthy weight. （ D） Animals generally balance their metabolisms by h
14、ealthy eating and exercise, which also controls their weight. 9 What does the professor mean by the following statement: An example of childrens literature that supports the natural inclination to play with language is the nursery rhyme. （ A） The nursery rhyme is a good example of childrens literatu
15、re because it is fun. （ B） Children like nursery rhymes because they enjoy them during playtime. （ C） Childrens literature is written in language that the child can understand. （ D） The childs interest in playing with language is encouraged by the nursery rhyme. 10 What does the professor mean by th
16、e following statement: For employees whose jobs involve sitting at a computer terminal entering data or typing reports, the location of the computer relative to the company is of no consequence. （ A） Employees who work at their computers like to choose their locations. （ B） It does not matter where
17、employees work at their computers. （ C） The location of their computers should be comfortable to employees. （ D） Computer terminals must be located near each other in a company. 11 What does the professor mean by the following statement: Ireland was first settled around 7500 b.c. by hunting tribes f
18、rom Scotland, followed by people from the Mediterranean know as the Firbolgs. （ A） The Firbolgs arrived in Ireland from the Mediterranean after the Scottish people had already settled there. （ B） Irish tribes went to Scotland and then followed a hunting route all the way to the; Mediterranean area c
19、alled Firbolgs. （ C） The Irish and Scottish people explored Europe, reaching as far as the Mediterranean where they settled. （ D） Looking for a place to live, the Firbolgs went to Scotland and then to Ireland where they finally settled. 12 Although stage plays have been set to music since the era of
20、 the ancient Greeks when the dramas of Sophocles and Aeschylus were accompanied by lyres and flutes, the usually accepted date for the beginning of opera as we know it is 1600. As part of the celebration of the marriage of King Henry IV of France to the Italian aristocrat Maria de Medici, the Floren
21、tine composer Jacopo Peri produced his famous Euridice, generally considered to be the first opera. Following his example, a group of Italian musicians, poets, and noblemen called the Camerata revived the style of musical story that had been used in Greek tragedy. Taking most of the plots for their
22、operas from Greek and Roman history and mythology, they began the process of creating an opera by writing a libretto or drama that could be used to establish the framework for the music. They called their compositions opera in musics or musical works. It is from this phrase that the word opera was b
23、orrowed and abbreviated. For several years, the center of opera was Florence in northern Italy, but gradually, during the baroque period, it spread throughout Italy. By the late 1600s, operas were being written and performed in many places throughout Europe, especially in England, France, and German
24、y. However, for many years, the Italian opera was considered the ideal, and many non-Italian composers continued to use Italian librettos. The European form de-emphasized the dramatic aspect of the Italian model, however, introducing new orchestral effects and even some ballet. Furthermore, composer
25、s acquiesced to the demands of singers, writing many operas that were little more than a succession of brilliant tricks for the voice, designed to showcase the splendid vocal talent of the singers who had requested them. It was thus that complicated arias, recitatives, and duets evolved. The aria, w
26、hich is a long solo, may be compared to a song in which the characters express their thoughts and feelings. The recitative, which is also a solo of sorts, is a recitation set to music, the purpose of which is to continue the story Iine. The duet is a musical piece written for two voices, a musical d
27、evice that may serve the function of either an aria or a recitative within the opera. Major Points A Three types of musical pieces in opera B The first opera in Italy C The growth of opera throughout Europe 12 Reading According to the controversial sunspot theory, great storms on the surface of the
28、Sun hurl streams of solar particles into space and eventually into the atmosphere of our planet, causing shifts in the weather on the Earth and interference with radio and television communications. A typical sunspot consists of a dark central umbra, a word derived from the Latin word for shadow, wh
29、ich is surrounded by a lighter penumbra of light and dark threads extending out from the center like the spokes of a wheel. Actually, the sunspots are cooler than the rest of the photosphere, which may account for their apparently darker color. Typically, the temperature in a sunspot umbra is about
30、4000 K, whereas the temperature in a penumbra registers 5500 K, and the granules outside the spot are 6000 K. Sunspots range in size from tiny grains to complex structures with areas stretching for billions of square miles. About 5 percent of all sunspots are large enough so that they can be seen fr
31、om Earth without instruments; consequently, observations of sunspots have been recorded for thousands of years. They have been observed in arrangements of one to more than one hundred spots, but they tend to occur in pairs. There is also a marked tendency for the two spots of a pair to have opposite
32、 magnetic polarities. Furthermore, the strength of the magnetic field associated with any given sunspot is closely related to the spots size. Sunspots have also been observed to occur in cycles, over a period of eleven years. At the beginning of a cycle, the storms occur between 20 and 40 degrees no
33、rth and south of the equator on the Sun. As the cycle continues, some of the storms move closer to the equator. As the cycle diminishes, the number of sunspots decreases to a minimum, and they cluster between 5 and 15 degrees north and south latitude. Although there is no theory that completely expl
34、ains the nature and function of sunspots, several models show scientists attempts to relate the phenomenon to magnetic field lines along the lines of longitude from the north and south poles of the Sun. 13 What is the authors main purpose in the passage? （ A） To describe the nature of sunspots （ B）
35、To propose a model for cycles in the solar year （ C） To compare the umbra and the penumbra in sunspots （ D） To argue for the existence of magnetic fields in sunspots 14 Why are solar particles hurled into space? （ A） Undetermined causes on Earth （ B） Disturbances of wind on the Sun （ C） Small rivers
36、 on the surface of the Sun （ D） Changes in the Earths atmosphere 15 How can we describe the effect of matter from the Sun that enters the Earths atmosphere （ A） It causes volcanic eruptions on the surface of the Earth. （ B） It affects changes in the weather patterns on Earth. （ C） It results in shad
37、ows across the Earths surface. （ D） It produces higher temperatures on the Earth. 16 How would you describe most sunspots? （ A） A shadow encircled by bright and dark lines extending out like spokes in a wheel （ B） A bright wheel with a dark shadow that covers part of the spokes that extend out （ C）
38、A wheel with alternating spokes of dark shadows and bright spaces in between （ D） A spoke of a wheel with a bright trail partially covered by a dark shadow 17 What does the author mean by the statement “Actually, the sunspots are cooler than the rest of the photosphere, which may account for their a
39、pparently darker color“? （ A） Neither sunspots nor the photosphere is hot. （ B） Sunspots in the photosphere do not have any color. （ C） The color of sunspots could be affected by their temperature. （ D） The size of a sunspot affects its temperature. 18 In which configuration do sunspots usually occu
40、r? （ A） In one spot of varying size （ B） In a configuration of two spots （ C） In arrangements of one hundred or more spots （ D） In groups of several thousand spots 19 How are sunspots explained? （ A） Sunspots appear to be related to the pull of highly magnetic fields on the Earth. （ B） Sunspots may
41、be related to magnetic fields that follow longitudinal lines on the Sun. （ C） Sunspots are explained by large storms that occur on the surface of the Earth. （ D） Sunspots have no theory or model to explain their occurrence or reappearance. 20 The sunspot theory is （ A） not very important （ B） widely
42、 accepted （ C） subject to debate （ D） relatively new 托福（阅读）模拟试卷 2答案与解析 一、 Sections Three： Reading Comprehension 1 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 阅读 2 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 阅读 3 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 阅读 4 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 阅读 5 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 阅读 6 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 阅读 7 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 阅读 8 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 阅读 9 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 阅读 10 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 阅读 11 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 阅读 12 【正确答案】 BCA 【知识模块】 阅读 【知识模块】 阅读 13 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 阅读 14 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 阅读 15 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 阅读 16 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 阅读 17 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 阅读 18 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 阅读 19 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 阅读 20 【正确答案】 C 【知识模块】 阅读
