1、河北省成人本科英语模拟试卷 3及答案与解析 一、 Part I Reading Comprehension (30%) Directions: There are three passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the correspo
2、nding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. 0 Archaeology, like many academic words, comes from Greek and means, more or less, “the study of old things“. So, it is really a part of the study of history. However, most historians use paper evidence, such as letters, paintin
3、gs and photographs, but archaeologists(考古学家 )learn from the objects left behind by the humans of long ago. Normally, these are the hard materials that dont break down or disappear very quicklythings like human bones and objects made from stone and metal. It is very unusual to find anything more than
4、 the hard evidence of history normally, the bacteria(细菌 )in the air eat away at soft materials, like bodies, clothes and things made of food. Occasionally , things are different. In 1984, two men made an amazing discovery while working in a bog called Lindow Moss, in the north of England. A bog is a
5、 very wet area of earth, with a lot of plants growing in it. It can be like a very big and very thick vegetable soup walk in the wrong place and you can sink and disappear forever. The men were working when one of them saw something sticking out a human foot! Naturally, the men called the police, wh
6、o then found the rest of the body. Was it a case of murder? Possibly - - but it was a death nearly two thousand years old. The two men had found a body from the time of the Roman invasion of Britain. Despite being so old, this body had skin, muscles, hair and internal organs the scientists who exami
7、ned him were able to look inside the mans stomach and find the food that he had eaten for his last meal! Why was this man so well preserved? 71. It was because he was in a very watery environment, safe from the bacteria that need oxygen to live. Also, the water in the bog was very acidic. The acid p
8、reserved the mans skin in the way that animal skin is preserved for leather coats and shoes. How did he die? Understandably, archaeologists and other scientists wanted to know more a-bout the person that they called, “ Lindow Man“. 72. His hands and fingernails suggested that he hadnt done heavy man
9、ual work in his life he could have been a rich man. They found that he hadnt died by accident. The archaeologists believe that he was sacrificed to three different gods. 1 Which language does the word “archaeology“come from? （ A） French. （ B） Greek. （ C） Roman. （ D） German. 2 The word “these“ in the
10、 first paragraph refers to_. （ A） letters （ B） photographs （ C） paintings （ D） objects 3 Which of the following helped to preserve“Lindow Man“? （ A） Ice and low temperature. （ B） Bacteria and oxygen. （ C） Soil and energy. （ D） Acid and water. 4 According to the passage, which of the following statem
11、ents is TRUE? （ A） Lindow Manwas named after the person who first found him. （ B） Historians usually use paper evidence, while archaeologists use hard evidence. （ C） Lindow Man was found by two archaeologists in the south of England. （ D） Lindow Man was good at manual work. 5 Which is the best title
12、 for the passage? （ A） What Is Archaeology? （ B） Archaeology and History （ C） An Amazing Archaeological Discovery （ D） The Death of“ Lindow Man“ 5 The city has always been an engine of intellectual life, from the 18th - century cafes of London, where citizens gathered to discuss chemistry and politi
13、cs, to the Left Bank bars of modern Paris, where Picasso talked about modem art. Without the metropolis, we might not have had the great art of Shakespeare. And yet, city life isnt easy. Now scientists have begun to examine how the city affects the brain, and the results are depressing. Just being i
14、n an urban environment, they have found, impairs(损害 )our basic mental processes. 73. After spending a few minutes on a crowded city street, the brain is less able to hold things in memory, and suffers from reduced self - control. While its long been recognized that city life is exhausting, this new
15、research suggests that cities actually dull our thinking, sometimes dramatically so. One of the main forces at work is a complete lack of nature, which is surprisingly beneficial for the brain. Studies have demonstrated, for instance, that hospital patients recover more quickly when they can see tre
16、es from their windows, and that women living in public housing are better able to focus when their apartments overlook a lawn. Even these glimpses of nature improve brain performance, it seems, because they provide a mental break from the urban life. This research arrives just as humans cross an imp
17、ortant milestone(里程碑 ). For the first time in history, the majority of people live in cities. Instead of inhabiting wide - open spaces, were crowded into concrete jungles, surrounded by traffic and millions of Strangers. In recent years, becoming clear that such unnatural surroundings have important
18、 implications for our mental and physical health, and can powerfully alter how we think. This research is also leading some scientists to dabble(涉足 )in urban design, as they look for ways to make the city less damaging to the brain. 74. The good news is that even slight alterations , such as plantin
19、g more trees in the inner city or creating urban parks with a greater variety of plants, can significantly reduce the negative side effects of city life. The mind needs nature, and even a little bit can be a big help. 6 Which of the following is the main idea of this passage? （ A） The city inspires
20、talented people. （ B） The city hurts your brain. （ C） The city has many pleasures and benefits. （ D） The city seriously affects the natural balance. 7 The word “metropolis“ in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_. （ A） citizen （ B） nature （ C） city （ D） stress 8 People have just come to rea
21、lize that_. （ A） human attention is a scarce resource （ B） city life can make people very tired （ C） the city is an engine of intellectual life （ D） an urban environment is damaging to the brain 9 What is the factor mentioned in the third paragraph that helps the hospital patients recover more quick
22、ly? （ A） Nature. （ B） Better treatment. （ C） Experienced doctors. （ D） Good medicine. 10 According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? （ A） Different aspects(方面 )of an urban environment, such as the crowded streets, can lead to an increase in self- control. （ B） Small changes
23、in urban design, cannot reduce the negative side effects of city life. （ C） For the first time in history, the earths population is more urban than rural. （ D） Walking down a busy city street will improve brain performance. 10 Breastfeeding(母乳喂养 )for a month or longer appears to reduce a womans risk
24、 of getting diabetes(糖病 )later in life, according to a new study. The breastfeeding and diabetes link has been reported in other studies, according to researcher Eleanor Schwarz. Yet, her study makes the link easier to believe. Her study is published in a journal of medicine in America. Schwarz and
25、her colleagues looked at data about breastfeeding practices. They evaluated data on 2, 233 women from California. Of those, 405 were not mothers, l , 125 were mothers who breastfed for at least a month, and 703 were mothers who had never breastfed. They were 40 to 78 years old. According to Schwarzs
26、 study , the risk of getting a diagnosis(诊断 )of Type 2 diabetes for women who breastfed all their children for a month or longer was similar to that of women who had not given birth. But mothers who had never breastfed were nearly twice as likely to develop diabetes as women who had never given birt
27、h. Mothers who never breastfed were about 1. 4 times as likely to develop diabetes as women who breastfed for one to three months, Schwarz found. While one month of breastfeeding appears to make a difference, Schwarz says, even longer is better. “ Previous studies have shown the longer the mom breas
28、tfeeds, the more benefit for her body. “ Many experts recommend breastfeeding for six months and continuing for a year, she says. The diabetes - breastfeeding link is probably explained by belly fat. Mothers, who dont breastfeed, as they get older, may have more belly fat, as breastfeeding helps new
29、 mothers take off weight. “Belly fat increases the risk of diabetes as you get older, “ she says. The finding isnt surprising at all, says Kimberly Gregory. She often gives advice to women who get diabetes(occurring during pregnancy(怀孕 )that they are at risk for later getting Type 2 diabetes and sug
30、gests they breastfeed. The new findings will probably inspire Gregory to add to the advice she gives moms to be about the benefits of breastfeeding. She often focuses on the benefits to the baby. 11 According to the first paragraph, which of the following statements is TRUE? （ A） About two thousand
31、and two hundred old women took part in the study. （ B） Eleanor Schwarzs research program was about men and women who suffered from diabetes. （ C） Over one fifths of the women never got married. （ D） Eleanor Schwarzs results seem more reliable. 12 According to Schwarzs findings, who are more likely t
32、o get diabetes later in life? （ A） Those mothers who had never breastfed. （ B） Those mothers who never gave birth. （ C） Those mothers who breastfed for a month. （ D） Those mothers who breastfed for six months. 13 Which of the following statements would Schwarz agree with? （ A） Breastfeeding is not a
33、dvisable because it is not good for a mom to keep a good shape. （ B） Breastfeeding can greatly reduce a mothers chances of getting all kinds of serious disease. （ C） Breastfeeding for a month is highly recommended: the longer, the better. （ D） Breastfeeding for a month or longer makes babies smarter
34、. 14 What does the author mean by “moms - to - be“ in the last paragraph? （ A） Women who are pregnant, especially for the first time. （ B） Women who dream of having babies for the first time. （ C） Women who already have children. （ D） Women who have just got babies for the first time. 15 Which of th
35、e following is an appropriate title for this passage? （ A） Breastfeeding May Enhance Babies Chances of Survival （ B） Breastfeeding May Lower Moms Diabetes Risk （ C） Breastfeeding May Become Very Fashioaable in Near Future （ D） Breastfeeding May Help Women Lose Weight 15 In Lusaka, Zambia, a young ma
36、n applying for a job was told to see the manager. He leaned over the receptionist s desk and asked, “What tribe(部落 )is he?“ When the receptionist told him that the manager was a Mashona, the applicant replied, “Then Ill never get the job. “ This phenomenon is called tribalism(部落主义 ). There are more
37、than 2, 000 tribes in black Africa. Each has its own language, customs, and physical characteristics that make its members almost immediately recognizable to a person from another tribe. To the Westerner, tribalism is one of the most difficult of African customs to understand. It makes many people t
38、hink of savagery, warfare, or old - fashioned customs. However, to most Africans, tribalism simply means very strong loyalty to one s ethnic group. It is a force that can be both good and bad. By definition tribalism means sharing among members of the extended family. It makes sure that a person is
39、taken care of by his own group tribesman. To give a job to a fellow is not wrong, it is an obligation. Similarly, for a politician or military leader, it is considered good common sense to choose his closest advisers from people of his own tribe. This ensures security, continuity, and authority. Tri
40、bal loyalty may mean a quick promotion from sergeant to captain, from clerk to manager within a very short time. Modern African politicians publicly speak out against tribal divisions. Yet it remains perhaps the most powerful force in day - to - day African life. 16 In paragraph 1, why did the young
41、 man believe his job application will be refused? （ A） His behavior was not appropriate. （ B） He belonged to the same tribe with the manager. （ C） He didn t belong to the same tribe with the manager. （ D） His questions annoyed the receptionist. 17 The situation in the first paragraph is an example o
42、f_. （ A） the difficulty of getting a job in Africa （ B） the disagreement on tribalism among Africans （ C） the great numbers of tribes in Africa （ D） the importance of tribalism in Africa 18 What might be the common attitudes of Westerners towards tribalism? （ A） Positive （ B） Indifferent （ C） Negati
43、ve （ D） None of the above 19 According to the article, which of the following is NOT an evidence of tribalism? （ A） Sergeants maintain security in his own tribe. （ B） Politicians choose men from his own tribe as intimate advisers. （ C） Military leaders promote fellow tribesmen to higher positions. （
44、 D） Managers give jobs to fellow tribesmen. 20 What would be the future of tribalism? （ A） It will soon be destroyed by modern politicians. （ B） It will remain as strong as it is today and never be changed. （ C） It will gradually disappear as the society develops. （ D） It will speed up further divis
45、ion of tribes. 二、 Part II Vocabulary and Structure (30%) Directions: In this part, there are 30 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a s
46、ingle line through the center. 21 We had to_a lot of noise when the children were at home. （ A） go in for （ B） hold on to （ C） keep pace with （ D） put up with 22 His answer was so confusing that I could hardly make any_of it at all. （ A） sentiment （ B） sense （ C） account （ D） appreciation 23 In his
47、letter he told me that he had already_room for us in a hotel. （ A） ordered （ B） required （ C） reserved （ D） demanded 24 The boy has_the local accent while staying with his grandparents in the countryside. （ A） saved up （ B） picked up （ C） showed up （ D） mixed up 25 The teacher explained the difficul
48、t lesson_to the students, who still could not understand it. （ A） at random （ B） at intervals （ C） at liberty （ D） at length 26 Would you mind looking after my dog while Im on holiday? _ （ A） Of course not （ B） Yes. Id be happy to （ C） Not at all. Ive no time （ D） Yes, please 27 What can I do for yo
49、u? _ （ A） Yes, you can give a skirt to me （ B） Id like a skirt （ C） No, I can do it myself （ D） I can do what I want 28 -Zhaorui, it s said that many famous singers will come to Yangzhou on April 18th. How about watching the evening show there? -_! Let s ask Huang Tao to go with us. （ A） Best wishes （ B） Sounds great （ C） Good luck （ D） That s OK 29 - If you have any trouble, be sure to call me. _ （ A） I am sorry to hear that （ B） I will. Thank you very much （ C） I have no
