1、笔译二级综合能力(语法改错)模拟试卷 1及答案与解析 SECTION 3 Error Correction This section consists of 15 sentences; in each sentence there is a part given in the brackets that indicates a grammatical error. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A,B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase that
2、can replace the part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. 1 It is said that Diana is an American warm-hearted young girl. ( A) a warm-hearted young American ( B) a young warm-hearted American ( C) an American young warm-hearted ( D) a warm-hearted American young 2 I have f
3、elt all those emotions in all these few last days. ( A) in these few last all days ( B) in all these last few days ( C) in these all last few days ( D) in all few these last days 3 Just imagine every smoker is to give up smoking for the sake of their own and others health. ( A) shall ( B) will ( C)
4、ought to ( D) were to 4 According to the media, Audi A6L has developed and perfected now. ( A) will have been developed ( B) would have been developed ( C) are being developed ( D) were to developed 5 Currently, GIS is widely used to monitor vehicle location, making possible effective strategies tha
5、t can keep the passengers informing of the precise arrival time. ( A) be informed ( B) on informing ( C) informed ( D) to be informed 6 He had struggled in poverty for so many years, Jackson has really sharpened her ability to pinch pennies. ( A) He was struggling ( B) Having struggled ( C) He was b
6、een struggling ( D) Struggled 7 For the temperature rising in the search area, the avalanche threat increases. ( A) With ( B) When ( C) As ( D) Since 8 Hemingway is a writer who excelled other any writers of his day. ( A) these other ( B) other all ( C) other these ( D) all other 9 The general have
7、directed that all the measures would be taken to defend their motherland. ( A) shall be taken ( B) are to taken ( C) to be taken ( D) be taken 10 Considering not so popular with all the members, Mark wasnt appointed president of the association. ( A) Having considered ( B) To be considered ( C) Bein
8、g considered ( D) Considering that 11 To write in this style, his novels never shake off a feeling of outrage at having been routed by grief. ( A) Written ( B) Writing ( C) Having written ( D) Wrote 12 After released, the TV program has greatly raised peoples awareness of evolution and global warmin
9、g. ( A) releasing ( B) being released ( C) it is released ( D) having released 13 The boss promised to raise the workers wages for ages, but nothing has happened yet. ( A) is promising ( B) has been promising ( C) has promised ( D) is promised 14 Hadnt been for the efforts made by ancestors that hav
10、e gone before her, she suddenly realized, all the chances may not have been possible. ( A) Havent been for ( B) It hadnt been for ( C) Had it not been for ( D) Have it not been for 15 To look at this way, Europes problems are all home-grown and only require a bit of political will to fix-political w
11、ill and some judicious bullying of the ECB. ( A) Look at ( B) To be looked at ( C) Looked at ( D) Looking at 16 It is requested by the members of the community that power amplifier does not be played in certain public area. ( A) is not be played ( B) not to play ( C) did not be played ( D) not be pl
12、ayed 17 It is proposed that payment of this allowance is also restricted to a two-thirds reduction for any councilor who is also an MP or MLA or member of the House of Lords. ( A) also be restricted to ( B) is also to be restricted ( C) was also to be restricted ( D) also is restricted to 18 Jerry s
13、houldnt have finished the project, or he would have reported to the president. ( A) couldnt ( B) has not ( C) ought to have ( D) might not 19 His supervisor had him rewritten his paper many times before allowing him to apply for the degree. ( A) to rewrite ( B) rewrite ( C) rewrote ( D) rewriting 20
14、 The judge accused the man of murdering his ex-wife but he denied of having been with her that night. ( A) having been ( B) to have been ( C) to be ( D) have been 21 The United Nations Assembly passed a resolution on accusing Kim Jong Un in violating human rights in his nation. ( A) by ( B) of ( C)
15、about ( D) in that 22 In the long run, side effects of medication may contribute to develop irregular sleeping patterns, which in turn increase irritability. ( A) in developing irregular ( B) to developing irregular ( C) in developing regular ( D) to developing regular 23 Most people have trouble ma
16、king decisions and fear that they will later regret not to take the other way. ( A) not taking ( B) not take ( C) not have taken ( D) have not taken 24 It is always bad for the government to give its people the impression to discourage innovation. ( A) to discouraging ( B) of discouraging ( C) to ha
17、ve discouraged ( D) of being discouraging 25 The need for assistance in my family is overwhelming, but the courage and elegance of the patients give me inspiration to carry with my work in hospital. ( A) in carrying with ( B) to carrying with ( C) to carrying on ( D) to carry on with 笔译二级综合能力(语法改错)模
18、拟试卷 1答案与解析 SECTION 3 Error Correction This section consists of 15 sentences; in each sentence there is a part given in the brackets that indicates a grammatical error. Below each sentence, there are 4 choices respectively marked by letters A,B,C and D. Choose the word or phrase that can replace the
19、part so that the error is corrected. There is only ONE right answer. 1 【正确答案】 A 【试题 解析】 答案是 A。在英语中,当多个形容词修饰同一个名词时,形容词的排序有一定的规律,有人将其总结为 “限定描绘长、大、高,形状年龄和新旧,颜色国籍跟材料,作用类别往后靠 ”。就本案例而言,该句各形容词的顺序应为 “限定词 (a)+描绘 (warm-hearted)+年龄 (young)+国籍 (American)”。就形容词的顺序而言,还有个 “由表及里 ”和 “先形体、后精神 ”的排序规律。以 “She is a well
20、learned, diligent and intelligent girl ”一句为例,正确的排序应该是 “She is a diligent, well-learned and intelligent girl ”。要知道,这样的排序和逻辑紧密相连: being diligent先于 well-learned,是 well-learned的基础,而 being well-learned又是 being intelligent的一个重要基础。如果我们再给此句加上个 pretty,那么,这个词就应该被安置在首位,形成 “She is a pretty, diligent, well-learn
21、ed and intelligent girl ”的顺序。这便是语法规则之 “道 ”,一旦应试者得此 “道 ”,很多相同的问题即可迎刃而解。 【知识模块】 语法改错 2 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 答案是 B。案例一牵涉的是多个形容词的排序,此案所涉及的则是限定词的排序规律。按照限定词与限定词之间不同的搭配位置,限定词可以分为前位、中位、后位三类。前位限定词包括倍数、分数、不定代词;中位限定词包括冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词和不定代词 (有些不定代词是跨类限定词 );后位限定词包括基数词、序数词、一般序列词等。本题划线部分 all属于前位 限定词, these属于中位限定词, last
22、与 few属于后位限定词。习惯上, last用在 few之前。那么,大家从 “felt all these emotions in all these last few days”中又得到何启示呢 ?不妨说,吃透了这种排序的意味,对应这一类的题也就等于获得了其 “修正错误 ”之 “道 ”。 【知识模块】 语法改错 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 答案是 D。此句考查 be动词 were的虚拟式。也就是说,不管主语是什么人称,动词一律用 were。该句表达了一种美好的愿望: “为了自己和他人的健康,所有的烟民都戒烟了。 ”这当然几乎是不可能发生的事情,所以其语气才使用了虚拟式。再以 “Jus
23、t imagine every citizen of the world were to refuse to use the internet” 一句为例,一般说来,跟随 every citizen的 be动词应该是单数的 is或was,但因该句是个与现实对立的 “虚拟式 ”,因此才会用 were的形式来表示。值得注意的是,英语的 “虚拟语气 ”是英语语法系统中占有相当位置的语法规则。再以 “If you should succeed, everything would be alright ”和 “If we missed the train, we should have to wait
24、an hour for the next train ”两句为例。因为这两句均是对未来推测的条件句,因此 will, shall和 miss都用了过去时以证其 “虚拟性 ”。除上述外,还有诸多形式的 “虚拟式 ”的使用值得引起大家的注意。看看下面这几句: “It is strange that she should have behaved like this ”“Even though she were here I should say the same thing ”“If it hadnt been for his help, you should have failed the at
25、tempt ”,这些都是 “虚拟式 ”语用案例。 【知识模块】 语法改错 4 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 答案是 C。 perfect作动词时只能用作及物动词,在本句中用作被动语态,故与其并列的 develop也应为被动语态, D首先排除。句尾的 now表 明动作正在进行,所以 C为正确选项。此案例牵涉到 “语法改错 ”的另一个方面,即英语动词语态的正确应用。就英语动词的类别而言,基本可分为三种:及物动词、不及物动词、连系动词。除类别外,英语动词还有语态之分:主动语态和被动语态。举例说,在 “Take the medicine before meals ”中, take就是个及物动词,而在
26、 “Look up in the dictionary ”中, look就是个不及物动词。就连系动词而言,不是每个动词都能作为连系动词来使用的。比如,我们可以说 “She goes easy ”,但不可以说 “She comes easy ”。就语态而言,本案题干中 has developed属语态的误用,因为 develop的行为主体不是某 “人 ”,而是某 “物 ”。在这种情况下,只能用 to be done, to be being done或 will be done三种表现形式。我们之所以将此句作为一个案例,只借以提示:要注意词的语态的正确使用。 【知识模块】 语法改错 5 【正确答
27、案】 C 【试题解析】 答案是 C。根据句子结构可知,此处 inform与 passengers之间是逻辑上的主 谓关系。但作为 passengers的宾语补足语,只能用 informed,形成 to keep sb informed of 的句式。值得注意的是,尽管跟随动词 keep可以是 doing sth,但其动作 (doing)的主体应该是 keep的主语。我们可以说 “Martha kept working on the book ”,但不可以说 “Martha kept her kids memorizing new words each day ”。这一现象应引起语用的注意。 【
28、知识模块】 语法改错 6 【正 确答案】 B 【试题解析】 答案是 B。从本案例题干的语句成分来看,位于主语 Jackson之前的语句是个导致 Jackson has really sharpened 的状语,因此只能用 having done 的句式,而非 he had done 再举几个例子: “Having finished the job, all the clerks knocked off earlier than usual ”“Having realized that she had been going out with several guys at the same ti
29、me, Frank decided to leave her ”“Not knowing what to do next, she went to her teacher and picked her brains ”。通过这些例句,我们不难看出主句的动作与之前状语的关系。 【知识模块】 语法改错 7 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 答案是 A。题干的意思是说,由于搜索区域温度上升,发生雪崩的危险也增加了。从语法角度分析, the avalanche threat increases是该句的主句,其前是以介词引导的独立主格结构作原因状语。 【知识模块】 语法改错 8 【正确答案】 D 【试题解
30、析】 答案是 D。解答本题的关键是限定词的排序规律。 all为前位限定词, other为后位, all other表示 “所有其他的 ”,根据句义, D为正确答案。 【知识模块】 语法改错 9 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 答案是 D。本题考查虚拟语气。 direct作 “指挥 ”讲时与其连接的从句应用 “should+动词原形 ”,且 should可以略去, 故选 D。 【知识模块】 语法改错 10 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 答案是 C。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。本题中 consider与句子主语之间是动宾关系,故应用过去分词,正确答案为 C选项。 【知识模块】 语法改错 11 【正
31、确答案】 A 【试题解析】 答案是 A。 write与 novels之间是逻辑动宾关系,故用过去分词作状语。 【知识模块】 语法改错 12 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 答案是 B。 after后面应接动名词,又因 TV program与 release是动宾关系,故选 B。 【知识模块】 语法改错 13 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 答案是 B。由限定状语 for ages可知,该句谓语动词应用完成进行体表示动作的持续性,故选 B。 【知识模块】 语法改错 14 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 答案是 C。本题考查虚拟条件句的用法。 had it not been for用于引导表示过去
32、的虚拟条件句,意为 “如果不是 ” 【知识模块】 语法改错 15 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 答案是 C。 Europes problems与 look之间是逻辑动宾关系,故应用 looked来表达意思。 【知识模块】 语法改错 16 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 答案是 D。英语中 order、 demand、 request等表达命令、要求、建议等后的名词性从句需要使用 “should+动词原形 ”结构,且 should可以省略。 【知识模块】 语法改错 17 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 语法改错 18 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 语法改错 19 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 语法 改错 20 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 语法改错 21 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 语法改错 22 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 语法改错 23 【正确答案】 A 【知识模块】 语法改错 24 【正确答案】 B 【知识模块】 语法改错 25 【正确答案】 D 【知识模块】 语法改错