1、考博英语模拟试卷 165及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 I would be _ if he could cast an expert eye over it and tell me what he thought of it. （ A） graceful （ B） gracious （ C） grateful （ D） gratuitous 2 Welds hopes of assisting homosexual couples to adopt children will require the law to _ the roles and cu
2、stoms of the child welfare organizations that now administer adoption. （ A） override （ B） overtake （ C） overdraw （ D） overwhelm 3 Though Almond wont describe his work as autobiographical, he does _ his own history in Skellig. （ A） draw in （ B） draw on （ C） draw out （ D） draw up 4 Envy and jealousy o
3、f other people and their lives become _ once you start believing in yourself. （ A） superficial （ B） superfluous （ C） superstitious （ D） supernatural 5 The assessment center gives each applicant the opportunity to _ whether they are suited to the work. （ A） exemplify （ B） demonstrate （ C） expose （ D）
4、 exhibit 6 Its important to remember that nutrients have to work _, and to take too much of one or another can be useless or even dangerous. （ A） in check （ B） in retrospect （ C） in concert （ D） in vogue 7 After the students were shot by the military during a demonstration against the army _, the gi
5、rl students dared for the first time to stay out at night on the streets to picket. （ A） control （ B） ruling （ C） government （ D） regime 8 She _ maintained that her grandsons were innocent, and nothing could dissuade her from that belief. （ A） skeptically （ B） correspondently （ C） hesitantly （ D） st
6、eadfastly 9 The worlds first internet _ has been cancelled because of lack of interest. （ A） climax （ B） peak （ C） summit （ D） tip 10 The body also needs daily doses of sunlight to help _ Vitamin D, crucial for maintaining body functions and for the health of muscles and bones. （ A） incorporate （ B）
7、 synthesize （ C） integrate （ D） assimilate 11 Next time you have a problem, think about how you can improve the situation instead of _ all the negative aspects. （ A） dwelling on （ B） counting on （ C） barking on （ D） touching on 12 They eat a lot of meats and dairy foods, along with a lot of _ items
8、that dont fall into any Nutrigroup, such as sugar, fat, and condiments. （ A） redundant （ B） miscellaneous （ C） versatile （ D） trivial 13 In conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and _ available form of exercise. （ A） recklessly （ B） readily （ C） potentially （ D） amenably 14 Unless astronom
9、ers _ their search for extraterrestrial life to stars as exceptional as the Sun, they are wasting much of their time. （ A） narrow down （ B） boil down （ C） tone down （ D） let down 15 According to the behaviorists, psychologists have no need to _ the existence of the mind or of anything else that is n
10、ot observable. （ A） postulate （ B） contemplate （ C） scheme （ D） recommend 16 Given a relatively _ sentence of 18 years (others were given suspended death sentences), Chen was later released from jail in consideration of age and poor health. （ A） benevolent （ B） compassionate （ C） lenient （ D） charit
11、able 17 This is one of the methods used to try and _ to the patients that alcohol, as far as they are concerned, should be a thing of the past. （ A） get by （ B） get through （ C） get over （ D） get across 18 The manager is expected to use his best endeavors to promote the artists career, while the art
12、ist should do nothing to _ the reputation of the manager. （ A） improvise （ B） agonize （ C） garantee （ D） jeopardize 19 The _ amongst the worlds scientists is that the world is likely to warm up over the next few decades. （ A） censure （ B） consensus （ C） census （ D） censor 20 I want to _ a slightly d
13、ifferent issue which is related to Annas question earlier about our different meanings of open-ended problems. （ A） bring up （ B） bring about （ C） bring forward （ D） bring out 二、 Reading Comprehension 20 Placing a human being behind the wheel of an automobile often has the same curious effect as cut
14、ting certain fibers in the brain. The result in either case is more primitive behavior. Hostile feelings are apt to be expressed in an aggressive way. The same man who will step aside for a stranger at a doorway will, when behind the wheel, risk an accident trying to beat another motorist through an
15、 intersection. The importance of emotional factors in automobile accidents is gaining recognition. Doctors and other scientists have concluded that the highway death toll resembles a disease epidemic and should be investigated as such. Dr. Ross A. Mcfarland, Associate Professor of Industrial Hygiene
16、 at the Harvard University School of Public Health, said that accidents “now constitute a greater threat to the safety of large segments of the population than diseases do.“ Accidents are the leading cause of death between the ages of 1 and 35. About one third of all accidental deaths and one sevent
17、h of all accidental injuries are caused by motor vehicles. Based on the present rate of vehicle registration, unless the accident rate is cut in half, one of every 10 persons in the country will be killed or injured in a traffic accident in the next 15 years. Research to find the underlying causes o
18、f accidents and to develop ways to detect drivers who are apt to cause them is being conducted at universities and medical centers. Here are some of their findings so far: A man drives as he lives. If he is often in trouble with collection agencies, the courts, and police, chances are he will have r
19、epeated automobile accidents. Accident repeaters usually are egocentric, exhibitionistic, resentful of authority, impulsive, and lacking in social responsibility. As a group, they can be classified as borderline psychopathic personalities, according to Dr. McFarland. The suspicion, however, that acc
20、ident repeaters could be detected in advance by screening out persons with more hostile impulses is false. A study at the University of Colorado showed that there were just as many overly hostile persons among those who had no accidents as among those with repeated accidents. 21 The author believes
21、that, behind the wheel of an automobile, some people act _ . （ A） as though they were uncivilized （ B） as though their brain fibers needed cutting （ C） as though they wanted to repress hostile feelings （ D） as though they should change their attitudes from hostility to amicability 22 Doctors and oth
22、er scientists have concluded that _ . （ A） the highway death toll resembles a disease epidemic （ B） the highway death toll is entirely due to emotional factors （ C） many drivers have a disease of the brain （ D） highway accidents should be treated as disease epidemics 23 Dr. McFarland emphasizes the
23、great menace of accidents by comparing it to _ . （ A） high school tests （ B） psychopathic behavior （ C） an epidemic （ D） antisocial behavior 24 According to the article, accidents are the leading cause of fatalities among people _ . （ A） between the ages of 1 and 35 （ B） in antisocial groups （ C） ov
24、er the age of 35 （ D） who are normally courteous 25 Which of the following statements is true, according to the article? （ A） Motor vehicle registration will cause an increase in accidents in the future. （ B） Unless the accident rate is decreased, ten per cent of the American population will be kill
25、ed or injured in motor accidents in the next 15 years. （ C） There is no hope that the accident rate will decrease during the next 15 years. （ D） Unless the accident rate decreases during the next 15 years, fifty per cent of the population will be killed. 26 According to this article, studies at lead
26、ing universities have shown that accident repeaters _ . （ A） are in trouble with collection agencies （ B） can be detected in advance （ C） drive entirely differently from the way they usually live （ D） cannot be discovered on the basis of generally hostile attitudes 26 With increasing prosperity, Wes
27、t European youth is having a fling that is creating distinctive consumer and cultural patterns. The result has been the increasing emergence in Europe of that phenomenon well known in America as the “youth market.“ This is a market in which enterprising businesses cater to the demands of teenagers a
28、nd older youths in all their beatlemania and pop-art forms. In the United States, the market is wide-ranging and well established, almost an industry, which with this countrys emphasis on “youthfulness,“ even extends beyond teenager groups. As in the United States, youthful tastes in Europe extend o
29、ver a similar range of products-records and record players, leather jackets and “wayout,“ extravagantly styled clothing, cosmetics and soft drinks. Generally it now is difficult to tell in which direction trans-Atlantic teenage influences are flowing. Also, a pattern of conformity dominates European
30、 youth as in this country, though in Britain the object is to wear clothes that “make the wearer stand out,“ but also make him “in,“ such as tight trousers and precisely tailored jackets. Worship and emulation of “idols“ in the entertainment field, especially the “pop“ singers and other performers,
31、can be viewed as another similarity. There is also the same exuberance and unpredictability in sudden fad switches. In Paris, buyers of stores catering to the youth market carefully watch what dress is being worn by a popular television teenager singer to be ready for a sudden demand for copies. In
32、Stockholm other followers of teenage fads call the youth market “attractive bat irrational.“ Actually, the scope and nature of the youth market varies considerably from country to country, being large and lively in some and only beginning to show itself in others. But there are also these important
33、dissimilarities generally with the American youth-market: In the European youth-market, unlike that of the United States, it is the working youth who provides the bulk of purchasing power. On the average, the school-finishing age still tends to be 14 years. This is the maximum age to which compulsor
34、y education extend, and with Europes industrial manpower shortage, thousands of teenage youths may soon attain incomes equal in many cases to that of their fathers. Although, because of general prosperity, European youths are beginning to continue school studies beyond the compulsory maximum age, th
35、ey do not receive anything like the pocket-money or “allowances“ of American teenagers. Working youth, consequently, are the big spenders in the European youth market, but they also have less leisure than those staying on at school, but these in turn have less buying power. 27 According to the passa
36、ge, the youth market is one that _ . （ A） has never been clearly distinguished from the adult market （ B） is exceptionally easy to predict （ C） has long been under the scrutiny of consumer investigators （ D） is responsible for a larger percentage of consumption than was true a few years ago 28 The p
37、assage implies that the youth market is more established in _ . （ A） England than it is in America （ B） Stockholm than it is in Paris （ C） America than it is in Europe （ D） Europe than it is in Asia 29 The American and European youth markets are Mike in regard to _ . （ A） occurrence of frequent chan
38、ges in buying habits （ B） purchase of luxuries （ C） appreciation of the same individual entertainers （ D） amount of parental allowances for clothing 30 According to the passage, which of the following statements is true concerning teenagers in Europe?. （ A） The stay-in-school period is becoming shor
39、ter. （ B） The earnings of teenagers are steadily increasing. （ C） Teenagers are getting more and more serious. （ D） Teenagers who work have more leisure time than teenagers who go to school. 31 Which of the following statements about the consumer habits of youth is NOT true? （ A） English youths pref
40、er close-fitting garments. （ B） European teenagers mimic their American peers and vice versa. （ C） Flavored carbonated beverages are popular among teenagers. （ D） Teenagers today are too sophisticated for hero-worship. 32 Which of the following words in Paragraph 6 can be replaced by “fashion“? （ A）
41、 Fad. （ B） Worship. （ C） Emulation. （ D） Exuberance. 33 The main purpose of the passage is to _ . （ A） describe different types of clothing worn by youth （ B） discuss new trends in the consumer patterns of youth （ C） analyze several advertising techniques used in gaining the youth market （ D） compar
42、e the youth in the United States with the youth of Europe 33 The golden rule for good writing is not a rule of grammar. It is true that there are rules of grammar, as in music there are rules of harmony, and that they are important, but one can no more write good English merely by keeping these rule
43、s than one can compose good music. The golden rule for good writing concerns not merely the arrangement of words but the choice of them. Only the right words can convey the right meaning: the secret is to pick those words and to use them and them only. For the “right“ words have a happy knack (a cle
44、ver way) of arranging themselves for you. But, first, you must have something to say. Matthew Arnold once said: “Have something to say and say it as clearly as you can. That is the only secret of style.“ There is much truth in those words, especially in relation to the sort of writing where emotiona
45、l appeal plays no part. We can turn to the member of the General Post Office who, by composing the notice “Postal officials are neither bound to give change nor authorized to demand it.“ used thirteen words hardly less efficiently to warn customers of what must have been as intractable (difficult to
46、 deal with) dilemma. Every word is exactly right; no other word would do as well; each is pulling its weight: none would be dispensed with. As was said of Milton s prose. “Fewer words would not have served the turn, more would have been superfluous.“ 34 The authors purpose is to persuade us that in
47、order to write well, we should _ . （ A） study carefully the style of writing （ B） know the rules of grammar well （ C） watch the arrangements of words in our sentences （ D） know what we want to say and choose the right words 35 One cannot compose good music if he _ . （ A） knows as many rules of harmo
48、ny as grammar （ B） doesnt know the rules well （ C） merely sticks to the rules （ D） cannot choose the right rules and words 36 The author mentions the unknown official as an example because _ . （ A） everyone uses the post office （ B） he wants to poke fun at the post office （ C） he believes it can sup
49、port his view （ D） he choose it at random 37 According to the post office note in the passage, a customer _ . （ A） can expect to be turned away if he offers a pound for a shilling telegram （ B） can give an official a ten pound note for one pound stamps and expect change （ C） will be given change if it is convenient （ D） with insufficient money to pay for what he wants may expect to be given credit 37 The exampl
