1、考博英语模拟试卷 176及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The Export-Import Bank extends long-term _ at favorable rate to foreign buyers, thus financing the purchase of U. S. goods and services. （ A） mortgages （ B） securities （ C） insurances （ D） loans 2 Costs of doing so come cheap when measured against an
2、overall advertising _. （ A） bail （ B） brokerage （ C） budget （ D） bill 3 If the seller fails to provide good title, the contract will become null and _. （ A） vacant （ B） void （ C） broke （ D） bubble 4 The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most trusting and considerate of all Indians but seems to be _ the w
3、elfare of his animals. （ A） critical about （ B） indignant at （ C） indifferent to （ D） Subject to 5 The chairman of the board _ on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers the firm can no longer afford to employ. （ A） compelled （ B） posed （ C） pressed （ D） tempted 6 It is naive to expect that
4、 any society can resolve all the social problems it is faced with _. （ A） for long （ B） in and out （ C） once for all （ D） by nature 7 Using extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining rooms may result in _ and lack of unity in style. （ A） conflict （ B） confrontation （ C） disturbance （ D） dis
5、harmony 8 The timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once_. （ A） thrived （ B） swelled （ C） prospered （ D） flourished 9 However, growth in the fabricated metals industry was able to _ some of the decline in the iron and steel industr
6、y. （ A） overturn （ B） overtake （ C） offset （ D） oppress 10 Because of its intimacy, radio is usually more than just a medium; it is _. （ A） firm （ B） company （ C） corporation （ D） enterprise 11 All the key words in the article are printed in _ type so as to attract readers attention. （ A） dark （ B）
7、dense （ C） black （ D） bold 12 I didnt _ to take a taxi but I had to as I was late. （ A） assume （ B） suppose （ C） mean （ D） hope 13 Our son doesnt know what _ to at the university; he cant make up his mind about his future. （ A） take in （ B） take up （ C） take over （ D） take after 14 The house was ver
8、y quiet, _ as it was on the side of a mountain. （ A） isolated （ B） isolating （ C） being isolated （ D） having been isolated 15 Although they plant trees in this area every year, the tops of some hills are still _. （ A） blank （ B） hollow （ C） vacant （ D） bare 16 Being a pop star can be quite a hard li
9、fe, with a lot of travelling _ heavy schedules. （ A） with regard to （ B） as to （ C） in relation to （ D） owing to 17 In Disneyland, every year, some 800,000 plants are replaced because Disney refused to _ signs asking his “guests“ not to step on them. （ A） put down （ B） put out （ C） put up （ D） put o
10、ff 18 On New Years Eve, New York City holds an outdoor _ which attracts a crowd of a million or more people. （ A） incident （ B） event （ C） ease （ D） affair 19 American football and baseball are becoming known to the British public through televised _ from the United States. （ A） transfer （ B） delive
11、ries （ C） transportation （ D） transmissions 20 He always did well at school _ having to do part-time jobs every now and then. （ A） in spite of （ B） regardless of （ C） on account of （ D） in case of 二、 Cloze 20 Most people who travel long distance complain of jetlag. Jetlag makes business travelers le
12、ss productive and more prone【 21】 making mistakes. It is actually caused by【 22】 of your “body clock“ -a small cluster of brain cells that controls the timing of biological【 23】 . The body clock is designed for a【 24】 rhythm of daylight and darkness, so that it is thrown out of balance when it【 25】
13、daylight and darkness at the “wrong“ times in a new time zone. The【 26】 of jetlag often persist for days【 27】 the internal body clock slowly adjusts to the new time zone. Now a new anti-jetlag system is【 28】 that is based on proven【 29】 pioneering scientific research. Dr, Martin Mooreede had【 30】 a
14、practical strategy to adjust the body clock much sooner to the new time zone【 31】 controlled exposure to bright light. The time zone shift is easy to accomplish and eliminates【 32】 of the discomfort of jetlag. A successful time zone shift depends on knowing the exact times to either【 33】 or avoid br
15、ight light. Exposure to light at the wrong time can actually make jetlag worse. The proper schedule【 34】 light exposure depends a great deal on【 35】 travel plans. （ A） from （ B） of （ C） for （ D） to （ A） eruption （ B） disruption （ C） rupture （ D） corruption （ A） actions （ B） functions （ C） behavior （
16、 D） reflection （ A） formal （ B） continual （ C） regular （ D） circular （ A） experiences （ B） possesses （ C） encounters （ D） retains （ A） signs （ B） defects （ C） diseases （ D） symptoms （ A） if （ B） whereas （ C） while （ D） although （ A） agreeable （ B） available （ C） adaptable （ D） approachable （ A） exte
17、nsive （ B） tentative （ C） broad （ D） inclusive （ A） devised （ B） scrutinized （ C） visualized （ D） recognized （ A） in （ B） as （ C） at （ D） through （ A） more （ B） little （ C） most （ D） least （ A） shed （ B） retrieve （ C） seek （ D） attain （ A） in （ B） for （ C） on （ D） with （ A） specific （ B） complicated
18、 （ C） unique （ D） peculiar 三、 Reading Comprehension 35 In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the childs acquisition (学会 ) of each new skill-the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his
19、 natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the o
20、ther hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself. Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money m
21、atters. Others are severe over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals. In general, the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the childs own happiness. As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consiste
22、ncy is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality (道德 ). Also, parents should realize that “example is better than precept“. If they are not sincere and do not practise what they preach (说教 ), their children may grow confused,
23、and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled. A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment. 36 Eagerly watching the childs acquisition of n
24、ew skills _. （ A） should be avoided （ B） is universal among parents （ C） sets up dangerous states of worry in the child （ D） will make him lose interest in learning new things 37 In the process of childrens learning new skills parents _. （ A） should encourage them to read before they know the meanin
25、g of the words they read （ B） should not expect too much of them （ C） should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own （ D） should create as many learning opportunities as possible 38 The second paragraph mainly tells us that _. （ A） parents should be strict with
26、their children （ B） parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community （ C） parental restrictions vary, and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone （ D） parents vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation 39 Th
27、e word “precept“ ( Line 4, Para. 3) probably means “ _. “. （ A） idea （ B） punishment （ C） behaviour （ D） instruction 40 In moral matters, parents should _. （ A） observe the rules themselves （ B） be aware of the marked difference between adults and children （ C） forbid things which have no foundation
28、 in morality （ D） consistently ensure the security of their children 40 A good modern newspaper is an extraordinary piece of reading. It is remarkable first for what it contains: the range of news from local crime to international politics, from sport to business to fashion to science, and the range
29、 of comment and special features (特 写 ) as well, from editorial page to feature articles and interviews to criticism of books, art, theatre and music. A newspaper is even more remarkable for the way one reads it: never completely, never straight through, but always by jumping from here to there, in
30、and out, glancing at one piece, reading another article all the way through, reading just a few paragraphs of the next. A good modern newspaper offers a variety to attract many different readers, but far more than any one reader is interested in. What brings this variety together in one place is its
31、 topicality (时事性 ), its immediate relation to what is happening in your world and your locality now. But immediacy and the speed of production that goes with it mean also that much of what appears in a newspaper has no more than transient (短暂的 ) value. For all these reasons, no two people really rea
32、d the same paper: what each person does is to put together out of the pages of that days paper, his own selection and sequence, his own newspaper. For all these reasons, reading newspapers efficiently, which means getting what you want from them without missing things you need but without wasting ti
33、me, demands skill and self-awareness as you modify and apply the techniques of reading. 41 A modern newspaper is remarkable for all the following except its _. （ A） wide coverage （ B） uniform style （ C） speed in reporting news （ D） popularity 42 According to the passage, the reason why no two people
34、 really read the “same“ newspaper is that _. （ A） people scan for the news they are interested in （ B） different people prefer different newspapers （ C） people are rarely interested in the same kind of news （ D） people have different views about what a good newspaper is 43 It can be concluded from t
35、he passage that newspaper readers （ A） apply reading techniques skillfully （ B） jump from one newspaper to another （ C） appreciate the variety of a newspaper （ D） usually read a newspaper selectively 44 A good newspaper offers “a variety“ to readers because _. （ A） it tries to serve different reader
36、s （ B） it has to cover things that happen in a certain locality （ C） readers are difficult to please （ D） readers like to read different newspapers 45 The best title for this passage would be“ _“. （ A） The Importance of Newspaper Topicality （ B） The Characteristics of a Good Newspaper （ C） The Varie
37、ty of a Good Newspaper （ D） Some Suggestions on How to Read a Newspaper 45 American society is not nap (午睡 ) friendly. In fact, says David Dinges, a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. “Theres even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep“. Nobody wants to be
38、caught napping or found asleep at work. To quote a proverb: “Some sleep five hours, nature requires seven, laziness nine and wickedness eleven.“ Wrong. The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them. “We have to totally change our attitude toward napping“, says Dr. William Dem
39、ent of Stanford University, the godfather of sleep research. Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American sleep debt“ which one member said was as important as the national debt. The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness: people causing industrial accident
40、s or falling asleep while driving. This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House. According to recent reports, president Clinton is trying to take a half hour snooze (打瞌睡 ) every afternoon. About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity. We seem to have “a midafte
41、rnoon quiet phase“ also called “a secondary sleep gate.“ Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed. Clearly, we were born to nap. We Superstars of Snooze dont nap to replace lost shut eye or to prepare for a night shift, Rather, we “snack“ on sle
42、ep, whenever, wherever and at whatever time we feel like it. I myself have napped in buses, ears, planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries, offices and museums. 46 It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is _. （ A） unreasonable （ B） criminal （ C） harmful （ D）
43、 costly 47 The research done by the Dement commission shows that Americans _. （ A） dont like to take naps （ B） are terribly worried about their national debt （ C） sleep less than is good for them （ D） have caused many industrial and traffic accidents 48 The purpose of this article is to _. （ A） warn
44、 us of the wickedness of napping （ B） explain the danger of sleepiness （ C） discuss the side effects of napping （ D） convince the reader of the necessity of napping 49 The “American sleep debt“ ( Line 1, Para. 3) is the result of _. （ A） the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleep （
45、 B） the new sleep policy of the Clinton Administration （ C） the rapid development of American industry （ D） the Americans worry about the danger of sleepiness 50 The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is _. （ A） preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shift （ B） good prac
46、tice to eat something light before we go to bed （ C） essential to make up for lost sleep （ D） natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it 50 Violin prodigies, I learned, have come in distinct waves from distinct regions. Most of the great performers in the late 19th and early 20th centuri
47、es were born and brought up in Russia and Eastern Europe, I asked Isaac Stern, one of the worlds greatest violinists the reason for this phenomenon. “It is very clear,“ he told me, “They were all Jews (犹太人 ) and Jews at the time were severely oppressed and ill-treated in that part of the world. They
48、 were not allowed into the professional fields, but they were allowed to achieve excellence on a concert stage.“ As a result, every Jewish parents dream was to have a child in the music school because it was a passport to the West. Another element in the emergence of prodigies, I found, is a society
49、 that values excellence in a certain field to nurture (培育 ) talent. Nowadays, the most nurturing societies seem to be in the Far East. “In Japan, a most competitive society, with stronger discipline than ours.“ says Isaac Stem, children are ready to test their limits every day in many fields, including music. When Western music came to Japan after World War , that music not only became part of th
