[外语类试卷]考博英语模拟试卷215及答案与解析.doc

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1、考博英语模拟试卷 215及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Everyone must have liked the cake because there wasnt even a _ left. ( A) crutch ( B) chip ( C) chop ( D) clip 2 Mary _ when she found her husband drunk again. ( A) blew her top ( B) became abnormal ( C) was affected ( D) in opposition 3 During the fa

2、mine many people _ eating grass and leaves. ( A) felt inclined to ( B) were confronted with ( C) got accustomed to ( D) were reduced to 4 My wife _ an old dictionary last night. ( A) came on ( B) came off ( C) came out ( D) came up 5 The accused man _ his innocence by proving that he was aboard when

3、 the murder was committed. ( A) found ( B) founded ( C) ignored ( D) established 6 Consumer groups are protesting against higher prices in this city now. ( A) clothing with ( B) clinging to ( C) complaining about ( D) clutching with 7 Two substitutes were used during the basketball games. ( A) playe

4、rs ( B) centers ( C) referees ( D) replacements 8 A series of border incidents inevitably led the two countries to war. ( A) distinctly ( B) unavoidably ( C) regularly ( D) actually 9 Judgment was suspended till the following Monday because of the lack of evidence. ( A) changed ( B) discussed ( C) p

5、ostponed ( D) informed 10 The law prohibits occupancy by more than 250 persons in this area. ( A) forbids ( B) allows ( C) promises ( D) suggests 11 Being poorly dressed can _ your chance of getting a job. ( A) ruin ( B) eliminate ( C) reduce ( D) endanger 12 Linda could not refuse, _ she foresaw li

6、ttle pleasure in the visit. ( A) since ( B) for ( C) though ( D) when 13 The research team decided to use an underwater saw to cut the _ ship into sections before lifting it up. ( A) electrical ( B) electric ( C) electricity ( D) electrifying 14 Do you think it is late to _ on a new career? ( A) dis

7、embark ( B) embark ( C) remark ( D) assume 15 Tom is ordered to be present at the important meeting,_. ( A) rain or shine ( B) more or less ( C) sooner or later ( D) for good 二、 Error Identification 16 Not too many years ago my mother jogged in the alley behind our house because she was embarrassed

8、to see jogging in public. ( A) Not too many ( B) ago ( C) to see ( D) in public 17 One expert remarks that a computer with so many tubes as the brain has neurons would require the Empire State Building to contain it. ( A) remarks ( B) so ( C) has ( D) would require 18 Despite this similarity with ot

9、her creatures, the evolution of humankind differs from other species in one important and unique way. ( A) Despite ( B) other ( C) other species ( D) one 19 The scientists, concerned about the potential hazards, wanted the latest research finding made publicly. ( A) concerned about ( B) the latest (

10、 C) made ( D) publicly 20 Among all the poems I have read recently, Thomas Hardys “The Darkling Trust“ seems the most relevant to our times. ( A) Among ( B) seems ( C) to ( D) times 21 The president devoted his energies to update the curricula, making the education offered at Washington College as m

11、eaningful and usual as possible. ( A) energies ( B) update ( C) making ( D) as possible 22 Failure to advertise could result in either reduced sales and less profit nor legal actions. ( A) could ( B) reduced ( C) less ( D) nor 23 Suddenly, Gallups name was on everyones lips; not only he was the prop

12、het of the moment, but it was generally believed that he had founded a new and most important method of prediction. ( A) on everyones lips ( B) he was ( C) but ( D) a new 24 Usually you will be more likely to find insects if you examine finer twigs rather than the coarse parts of trees. ( A) more li

13、kely ( B) if ( C) rather than ( D) coarse 25 Office revolution not only has changed how work is done but redefined the function of everyone who works in an office. ( A) not only ( B) how ( C) redefined ( D) works 26 It is the interaction between people, rather than the events that occur in their liv

14、es that are the main locus of social psychology. ( A) between ( B) rather than ( C) are ( D) of 27 It is very hard to believe that when Lincoln was born, communications were a little faster than in the days of Julius Caesar. ( A) It is ( B) that when ( C) a little ( D) in the days 28 Although we had

15、 been present at roughly the same time, Mr. Brown saw the situation quite different from the way I saw it. ( A) Although ( B) at ( C) different ( D) the way 29 Some of these studies have shown that although some people have trouble to fall asleep, others have an equally difficult time waking up. ( A

16、) have shown ( B) to fall asleep ( C) equally ( D) waking up 30 Never before I have seen anyone who has the skill John has when he repairs cars. ( A) I have ( B) who has ( C) John has ( D) repairs 三、 Cloze 30 Perhaps the most interesting thing about the phenomenon of taboo behavior is how it can cha

17、nge【 1】 the years within the same society, how certain behavior and attitudes【 2】 considered taboo can become perfectly【 3】 and natural【 4】 another point in time. Topics such as death, fro example, were once considered so【 5】 and unpleasant that it was a taboo to even talk about them. Now with the【

18、6】 of important books such as On Death and Dying and Learning to Say Goodbye, people have become more【 7】 of the importance of expressing feelings about death and,【 8】 a result, are more willing to talk about this taboo subject. One of the newest taboos in American society is the topic of fat. 【 9】

19、many other taboos, fat is a topic that Americans talk about constantly. Its not taboo to talk about fat; its taboo to fat. The “【 10】 “ look is thin, not fat. In the work world, most companies prefer youthful-looking, trim executives to sell their【 11】 as well as their products to the public. The th

20、in look is associated with youth, vigor, and success. The fat person, on the other hand, is thought【 12】 as lazy and【 13】 in energy, self-discipline and self-respect. After all, people think, how can people who care about themselves, and therefore the way. they look, permit themselves to become fat?

21、 In an image-conscious society like the U. S. , thin is “in“, fat is “out“. Its not surprising, then, that millions of Americans have become【 14】 with staying slim and “in shape“. The【 15】 of a youthful physical appearance is not, however, their sole reason for Americas obsession with diet and exerc

22、ise. Recent research has shown the【 16】 importance of diet and exercise for personal health. As in most technologically developed nations, the life-style Of North Americans has changed dramatically during the course of the last century. Modern machines do all the physical labor that people were once

23、 forced to do【 17】 hand. Cars and buses transport us quickly from point to point. As a result of inactivity and disuse, peoples bodies can easily become weak and【 18】 to disease. In an effort to avoid such a fate, millions of Americans are spending more of their time exercising. The effect of this n

24、ew appreciation of the importance of exercise is evident: parks are filled with runners and bicyclists, physical education programs are enjoying a newly found【 19】 , and many companies are providing special exercise【 20】 for their employees to use during the work day. ( A) for ( B) in ( C) over ( D)

25、 within ( A) now ( B) once ( C) never ( D) sometimes ( A) accepted ( B) accept ( C) acceptable ( D) acceptant ( A) in ( B) to ( C) at ( D) beside ( A) upsetting ( B) upset ( C) overturning ( D) overturned ( A) publication ( B) publicity ( C) publicize ( D) duplication ( A) conscious ( B) sensible (

26、C) noticed ( D) aware ( A) as ( B) for ( C) with ( D) and ( A) Alike ( B) Unlike ( C) Like ( D) As if ( A) out ( B) outside ( C) inside ( D) in ( A) appearance ( B) look ( C) Mage ( D) aspect ( A) of ( B) / ( C) about ( D) for ( A) lacking ( B) lack ( C) loss ( D) short ( A) occupied ( B) absorbed (

27、 C) engrossed ( D) obsessed ( A) pursue ( B) persecute ( C) pursuit ( D) persecution ( A) critic ( B) critical ( C) criticizing ( D) critically ( A) at ( B) by ( C) on ( D) out of ( A) vulgar ( B) infected ( C) vulnerable ( D) infectious ( A) prestige ( B) presence ( C) superiority ( D) prestigious

28、( A) facilities ( B) equipment ( C) apparatus ( D) appliances 四、 Proofreading 50 The improbable chain of events that leads Alexander Fleming 1. _ to discover penicillin in 1928 is the stuff which scientific myths 2. _ are made. It was a discovery that would change the course of the history. The acti

29、ve ingredient in that mold, which Fleming named penicillin, turned to be an infection-fighting agent of 3. _ enormous potency. When it was finally recognized as what it was-the efficacious life-saving drug in the world-penicillin 4. _ would alter forever the treatment of bacterial infections. By the

30、 middle of the century, Flemings discovery spawned a huge phar- 5. _ maceutical industry, churning out synthetic penicillin that would conquer some of man-kinds most ancient scourges, including syphilis, gangrene, and tuberculosis. When he died a heart attack in 1955, he was mourned by 6. _ the worl

31、d and buried as a national hero in the crypt of St. Pauls Cathedral in London. Although Flemings scientific work in and of itself may not have reached great, his singular contribution 7. _ changed the practice of medicine. He deserves our utmost recog- nition. At the same time, we must bear on mind

32、that the 8. _ “Fleming Myth“, as he called it, embodies the accomplishments of many giants of anti-biotic development. Fleming is but a cho- sen representative for the likes of Florey, Chain, Domagk, and Waksman, many of who remain, sadly, virtual unknowns. 9. _ Their achievements have made the worl

33、d a better, healthier place. In commemorating Fleming, and we commemorate them 10. _ all. How does it happen that children learn their mother tongue so well? When we compare with adults learning a foreign 11. _ language, we often find this interesting fact. A little child without knowledge or experi

34、ence often succeeds to a complete 12. _ master of the language. A grown-up person with fully developed 13. _ mental powers, in most cases, may end up in a faulty and inex- 14. _ act command. What accounts of this difference? 15. _ Despite other explanations, the real answer in my opinion lies partly

35、 with the child himself, partly in the behavior of the 16. _ people surround him. In the first place, the time of learning the 17. _ mother tongue is the most favorably of all, namely, the first 18. _ years of life. A child hears it speak from morning till night and, 19. _ what is more important, al

36、ways in its genuine form, with the right pronunciation, right intonation, right use of words and right structure. He drinks all the words and expressions which come to 20. _ him in a fresh, ever-bubbling spring There is no resistance: there is perfect assimilation 五、 Chinese-English Translation 71 在

37、一些西方国家,有些父母准备克隆孩子,目的是进行一些非致命器官的移植。 72 看在玛丽的份上,我可以把车借给你,以解决你的交通工具问题。 73 理论上说,克隆一个孩子以获取器官是可行的,但实际这么做却可能对孩子的心理有害。 74 正如这篇文章的作者所警告的,克隆人类可能是一件使人更加悲伤而非更加高兴的事。 75 对某些人来说,克隆不克隆的问题在某种意义上可以比作是生还是死的问题。 考博英语模拟试卷 215答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 本题是一道词义辨析题, crutch含义为 “支柱,叉柱 ”; chip含义为“碎片,碎屑

38、 ”; chop含义为 “一块排骨 ”; clip含义为 “夹钳 ”。根据句意,本题应该选 B。 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 本题是一道词义辨析题, blow ones top含义为 “发脾气 ”; become abnormal含义为 “变得反常 ”; be affected含义为 “被影响 ”; in opposition含义为“反对 ”。根据句意, A最适合。 3 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题为词义辨析题, feel inclined to含义为 “感到倾向于 ” ; be confronted with含义为 “使面临 ” ; get accustomed to含义为

39、“习惯于 ”; be reduced to doing sth含义为 “被迫做某事 ”。根据句意, D最合适。 4 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题是一道词义辨析题, come on含义为 “跟着来 ”; come off含义为 “离开 ”; come out含义为 “出来 ”; come up含义为 “偶然获得 ”。根据句意, D最合适。 5 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 本题是一道词义辨析题, found含义为 “(find的过去式 )找到 ”,founded含义为 “(found的过去式 )建立 ”; ignored含义为 “忽视 ”; established含义为 “确立,证实

40、”。根据句意, D最合适。 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 clothe with给 穿衣服; cling to缠住; complain about抱怨;clutch with抓住。 7 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 substitute替补,代替物; player选手; center球队的中锋;referee裁判; replacement代替者,补充人员。 8 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 distinctly清楚地,显然地: unavoidably不可避免地; regularly经常地,习 惯性地; actually实际上。 9 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 suspend延缓;

41、 change改变; discuss讨论; postpone推迟; inform通知。 10 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 prohibit禁止; forbid禁止; allow允许; promise许诺; suggest建议。 11 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 ruin“使 毁灭;糟蹋掉 ”; eliminate“消除;淘汰 ”; reduce“减小,缩小 ”; endanger“危及 ”。 12 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 Since“因为,鉴于 ”; for“因为 ”; though“尽管 ”; when“当 时候 ”。此句表示让步,句意为尽管琳达预见到这次访问不会愉快,但她不

42、能拒绝。 13 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 electric“用电的,电动的 ”: electric blanket电热毯 /electric torch手电筒; electrical“电学的,由电发生的 ”: electrical engineering电气工程;electricity“电,电气 ”; electrify“使电气化 ”。 14 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 embark on/in/upon“从事,着手 ”; disembark“使上岸,登陆 ”;remark on“谈论,评论 ”; assume“似设,装出 ”,后面不接介词 on。 15 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析

43、】 rain or shine“不管雨天还是晴天 ”,符合题意; more or less“或多或少,大约 ”; 55 miles, more or less五英里左右; sooner or later“迟早 ”; for good(and all)“永久地 ”。 二、 Error Identification 16 【正确答案】 C应改为 to be seen。 【试题解析】 “被 看见 ”,所以用被动语态。 17 【正确答案】 B应改为 as。 【试题解析】 so. . . as通常用在否定句之中,故应改为 as. . . as。 18 【正确答案】 C应改为 that of other

44、species。 【试题解析】 比较的是 evolution, that指代 evolution。 19 【正确答案】 D应改为 public。 【试题解析】 make sth. +adj. 20 【正确答案】 A应改为 of。 【试题解析】 使用最高级时, of表示范围。 21 【正确答案】 B应改为 updating。 【试题解析】 devoteto 中的 to是介词。 22 【正确答案】 D应改为 or。 【试题解析】 either. . . or. . . ,固定搭配。 23 【正确答案】 B应改为 was he。 【试题解析】 not only放在句首时,主谓应倒装。 24 【正确答

45、案 】 D应改为 coarser。 【试题解析】 coarser parts of trees和之前的 finer twigs对应。 25 【正确答案】 C应改为 has redefined。 【试题解析】 has redefined和 has changed对应。 26 【正确答案】 C应改为 is。 【试题解析】 it is. . . that. . . 强调句型。 27 【正确答案】 C应改为 little。 【试题解析】 林肯时代的通讯还不如凯撒时代的速度快,这一点让人难以 相信。故应用表示否定意义的 little。 28 【正确答案】 C应改为 differently。 【试题解析】

46、 see. . . differently. . . 。副词才可以修饰动词。 29 【正确答案】 B应改为 falling asleep。 【试题解析】 have trouble doing sth. 30 【正确答案】 A应改为 have I。 【试题解析】 never before放句首时,句子应倒装。 三、 Cloze 31 【正确答案】 C 【试题解 析】 此处强调 “在这些年期间,这些年从头到尾 ”,类似的例子还有records maintained over two years保持了两年的记录。 32 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 once意为 “曾经 ”,言下之意是 “现在 ”

47、情况改变了,与现状形成对比,符合上下文。 33 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 acceptable意为 “可接受的,足以满足要求或标准的 ”,强调在一种标准下可以 的; A强调状态; B不符合语法习惯; acceptant做形容词一般修饰物体,意为 “被接受的,采纳的 ”,例如: the most acceptant mind最易接受外界影响的头脑。 34 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 此处强调的是 “历史 /时间长河中的某个阶段 ”。故选 C。 35 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 upsetting指事物,意为 “令人心烦意乱的,令人苦恼的 ”; upset一般用来指人,意为 “心烦意

48、乱的情绪或精神上苦恼的状态 ”; overturn指 “推倒,使一边着地 ”,所以它的现在分词和过去分词的引申意强调 “推翻的,倾覆的 ”。根据文意,只能选 C。 36 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 publication意为 “出版,发行 ”; publicity意为 “吸引公众注意的手段,宣传 ”; publicize为动词,意为 “宣扬 ”; duplication为名词,虽然词形与 A很相似,但意思不同,意为 “副本,复制 ”。 37 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 A、 B、 D都有 “意识的 ”含义,且都有 be +adj. +of(意识到 )的习惯用法,但仍有细微差别。 awa

49、re侧重 “感官所意识到的外界事物 ”。 conscious侧重“心理感知 ”。 sensible指 “可用感官察觉到的 (针对较复杂 或抽象的事物 )”。 38 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 as a result是习惯用法,意为 “因此,结果 ”。 39 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 根据上下文,作者此处想要表达的应是 “与其他禁忌不同的是,肥胖是美国人经常谈论的话题 ”。 unlike是介词,意为 “区别于,不像 ”; alike一般是表语形容词,意为 “相似的,相同的 ”; C、 D在意思上不符合上下文。 40 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 in是习惯用法,此处专门指 “时髦的,流行的 ”,与之相对的是out。 41 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 image意为

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