1、考博英语模拟试卷 290及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 To be_I couldnt understand what he was getting at. If you wanted to know youd better ask someone else. （ A） sly （ B） humble （ C） honest （ D） cowardly 2 The middle-aged woman has been_with a serious illness for half a year; she is dying now. （ A） laid
2、down （ B） laid off （ C） laid up （ D） laid in 3 When American astronaut Glen returned to the earth and a hearty welcome _him, he was considered to be a national hero. （ A） waited for （ B） anticipated （ C） expected （ D） awaited 4 The reception was attended by various_members of the local community and
3、 representatives of regional industries. （ A） protuberant （ B） conspicuous （ C） prominent （ D） projecting 5 Woody arrived at a most_moment; I was just getting into the bath. （ A） inopportune （ B） importunate （ C） incongruous （ D） unfitting 6 They_themselves_the politician because they hoped he would
4、 become president one day. At last he did. （ A） connected, with （ B） combined, with （ C） linked, up （ D） attached, to 7 After speaking for three hours, the lecturer found he could scarcely talk, as he had become_. （ A） dumb （ B） inarticulate （ C） hoarse （ D） speechless 8 They are looking for a_exper
5、ienced secretary who is capable of organizing a busy sales office. （ A） chartered （ B） mature （ C） graduated （ D） polished 9 Although most universities in the United States are on a semester system which offers classes in the fall and spring, some schools_a quarter system comprised of fall, winter,
6、and summer quarters. （ A） manipulate （ B） stipulate （ C） regulate （ D） observe 10 It is not enough to observe behavior and_them with physiological events that occur at the same time. （ A） correlate （ B） comply （ C） correspond （ D） pertain 11 Telecommuting substituting the computer for the trip to th
7、e job has been _a solution to all kinds of problems related to office work. （ A） hailed as （ B） drawn out （ C） borne out （ D） lodged in 12 The_question in this case is whether the accused had a motive for this crime or not. （ A） crucial （ B） forcible （ C） supreme （ D） valuable 13 Agriculture must, t
8、herefore, _workers and savings to the new industrialized, urbanized sectors if a modern economy is to be achieved. （ A） yield （ B） succumb （ C） subject （ D） resort 14 Women have significant advantages over men in space because they need less food and less oxygen and they_ radiation better. （ A） stan
9、d up to （ B） stand in for （ C） stand up for （ D） stand in with 15 Usually he managed to find plenty of work to_him over hard times. I think it is a good idea. （ A） chew （ B） blow （ C） flip （ D） tide 16 There is a direct flight at 3:00 or a flight at 7:30 in the morning that_in Los Angeles. （ A） stop
10、s by （ B） stops in （ C） stops over （ D） stops up 17 Diana made a lot of effort to persuade her parents into_to her going to the United States to study business administration in MIT. （ A） contending （ B） contesting （ C） contenting （ D） consenting 18 Baroque has been the term used by art historians f
11、or almost a century to_ the dominant style of the period 1600 1750. （ A） determine （ B） designate （ C） devise （ D） depict 19 The teachers behavior and the students response_what many people have said about language learning. （ A） confine （ B） conform （ C） consent （ D） confirm 20 Different cultures a
12、re more prone to_certain illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. （ A） contract （ B） conduct （ C） confine （ D） conquer 21 The students take a_test in March, and the main exam is in July. （ A） previous （ B） preliminary （ C） preceded （ D） elementary 22 In recent years th
13、ere has been a_increase in the cost of living; many families have to depend on the federal aids. （ A） ponderous （ B） powerful （ C） significant （ D） violent 23 Although the media have paid a great deal of attention to telecommuting, in most cases it is the employees situations, not the availability o
14、f technology, that_a telecommuting arrangement. （ A） precipitates （ B） reciprocates （ C） anticipates （ D） apprehends 24 She_for a while and was unable to make a decision, so she asked for my help. （ A） flickered （ B） glittered （ C） faltered （ D） blinked 25 A scientific law is liable at anytime to ne
15、ed_; that is an eternal truth. （ A） modifying （ B） changing （ C） revising （ D） adjusting 26 President Clinton_power when the US economy was slow. （ A） presumed （ B） consumed （ C） resumed （ D） assumed 27 It didnt seem to have_to her that once she was addicted to drug smoking, she could hardly give it
16、 up. But it did happen. （ A） happened （ B） took place （ C） occurred （ D） came about 28 The_meanings of the individual words do not help define all expressions like “Drop in any time. “ （ A） literary （ B） literature （ C） literal （ D） literate 29 Simons letter was in such a casual scrawl, and in such
17、pale ink, that it was _. （ A） vague （ B） ambiguous （ C） illegible （ D） obscure 30 The school authority_against students smoking both in the classrooms and at home. （ A） resolved （ B） determined （ C） banned （ D） prohibited 31 The fund is for_distress among the flood victims in the southern city. （ A）
18、 releasing （ B） detracting （ C） relieving （ D） devolving 32 Building this road will_the construction of ten bridges, and then the total cost reaches 1 million US dollars. （ A） evolve （ B） involve （ C） revolve （ D） devolve 33 Small children can not_the difference between right and wrong. It is our du
19、ty to teach them. （ A） appreciate （ B） enjoy （ C） acknowledge （ D） confess 34 Some people_in part the defeat of the revolution in France and Germany to the English diplomacy, do you agree? （ A） contributed （ B） attributed （ C） distributed （ D） owned 35 If you plant two apple trees in one square yard
20、 of land, and the trees productivity _decline. （ A） is bound to （ B） is determined to （ C） is unlikely to （ D） is related to 36 Digging the garden with a spade is a very_task. I am exhausted after such two-hours work. （ A） industrious （ B） manual （ C） conscientious （ D） laborious 37 To_the structura
21、l imbalances in the budget, and also in the economy the Administration has given its support to a constitutional amendment. （ A） relinquish （ B） remedy （ C） compensate （ D） redress 38 Paul is an_ worker, and rarely does well in examinations. However he often refuses our help. （ A） errant （ B） errone
22、ous （ C） erratic （ D） exotic 39 Millions of people in the United States suffer from_back pain that comes from sitting too long at a desk. （ A） chronic （ B） casual （ C） catastrophic （ D） elastic 40 This village which is surrounded by mountains is only_by river, and it is obvious that the transportati
23、on is inconvenient. （ A） accessible （ B） attainable （ C） available （ D） achievable 二、 Reading Comprehension 40 If you are a fan of science fiction, youve no doubt encountered the term nanotechnol-ogy. Yet over the past year also, a series of breakthroughs have transformed nanotech from sci-fi fantas
24、y into a real world. Applied science, in the process, inspired huge investments by business, academia, and government. In industries as diverse as health care, computers, chemicals, and aerospace, nanotech is overhauling production techniques, resulting in new and improved products, some of which ma
25、y already be in your home or workplace. The inspiration for nanotech goes back to a 1959 speech by the late physicist Richard Feynman, then a professor at the California Institute of Technology, titled “Theres Plenty of Room at the Bottom. “ Four decades later, Chad Mirkin, a Chemistry professor at
26、Northwestern Universitys $34 million nanotech center, used a nanoscale device to etch most of Feynmans speech onto a surface the size of about 10 tobacco smoke particles. What accounts for the sudden acceleration of nanotechnology? A key breakthrough came in 1990, when researchers at IBMs Almaden Re
27、search Center succeeded in rearranging individual atoms at will. Using a device known as a scanning probe microscope, the team slowly moved 35 atoms to spell the three-letter IBM logo, thus proving Feynman right. The entire Logo was less than three nanometers. Soon, scientists were not only manipula
28、ting individual atoms but “spray painting“ with them as well. Using a tool known as a molecular beam epitaxy, scientists have learned to create ultra fine films of specialized crystals, built up one molecular layer at a time. This is the technology used today to build read-head components for comput
29、er hard drives. The next stage in the development of nanotechnology borrows a page from nature. Building a supercomputer no bigger than a speck of dust might seem an impossible task, until one realizes that evolution solved such problems more than a billion years ago. Living cells contain all sorts
30、of nanoscale motors made of proteins that perform myriad mechanical and chemical functions, from muscle contraction to photosynthesis. In some instances, such motors may be re-engineered, or imitated, to produce products and processes useful to humans. How are these biologically inspired machines co
31、nstructed? Often, they construct themselves, manifesting a phenomenon of nature known as self assembly. The macromole-cules of such biological machines have exactly the right shape and chemical binding preferences to ensure that when they combine they will snap together in predesigned ways. For exam
32、ple, the two strands that make up DNAs double helix match each other exactly, which means that if they are separated in a complex chemical mixture, they are still able to find each other easily. 41 It can be inferred that Richard Feynman has been_now. （ A） dead （ B） decent （ C） prominent （ D） popula
33、r 42 Who proved that Feynmans concept, “Theres Plenty of Room at the Bottom“ was right? （ A） Chad Mirkin at Northwestern University. （ B） Researchers at Almaden Research Center. （ C） Scientists manipulating atoms and “spray painting“. （ D） A professor at the California Institute of Technology. 43 Sc
34、ientists created ultra fine films of specialized crystals by means of_. （ A） a scanning probe microscope （ B） a nanoscale device （ C） a molecular beam epitaxy （ D） a super computer 44 Which of the following is the function that nanoscale motors perform? （ A） rearranging individual atoms. （ B） manipu
35、lating individual atoms. （ C） producing products and process. （ D） photosynthesis and muscle concentration. 45 According to the passage, all of the following statements are true EXCEPT_. （ A） The two strands making up DNAs double helix can find each other easily in a complex chemical mixture （ B） Ev
36、olution has solved the problem of building a computer smaller than a speck of dust a long time before （ C） DNA not only programs cells to replicate themselves but also instructs them how to assemble individual molecules into new materials （ D） The read-head components for computer hard drives are co
37、nstructed by means of the technology known as a molecular beam epitaxy 45 With the US economy slowing down, layoffs are everywhere. No industry is spared. If you end up having to start over, in addition to starting your job search, there are several things you should take care of to make your transi
38、tion a smooth one. First and foremost, clear up any misunderstanding about how and why you left your last job with your ex-boss. Whether you left voluntarily, were fired or were laid off due to budget cutbacks, make sure you both have the same explanation. Agree on job titles accordingly. Also ask f
39、or a reference if you think your ex-boss will offer one and you trust that he or she will speak honestly about your performance. You should have a source of emergency cash that you can use in the interim. Dont panic and liquidate your stocks and bonds just yet, be optimistic in your prospects while
40、also be more frugal than usual. You should save money on not having to dry clean work clothes so often and eating less take-out lunches. Save money by not eating out at restaurants and watch videos rather than going to the movies every weekend. Make a note of your job hunting expenses, such as caree
41、r counselors consulting fees and resume printing costs, and save the receipts. By next years tax-filing time, you could get deductions on your job-search expense(unless you left a job willingly or was a college graduate looking for your first job). Most companies terminate your medical insurance cov
42、erage as soon as you stop working for them. But it doesnt mean you have to forgo medical coverage altogether. There is something called Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act(COBRA)in the United States that legally protects an ex-employees right to stay in the companys health care plan. Howe
43、ver, the company will stop paying your premiums, and you will have to pay out of your pocket the expenses. This is still a good option compared to no health insurance at all. Another important thing to take care of when you change jobs is your 401(k)account. A 401(k)is the retirement fund that most
44、companies offer. Its named after section 401(k)in the Internal Revenue Services policy documents. You put aside a percentage of your paycheck each pay period, and the money accumulated will be managed by the 401(k)fund manager your employer has hired and is invested in the stock market. You cannot w
45、ithdraw money from this account until you reach this age, or you will incur penalties. When you leave a job, the money can sometimes be kept with your ex-employer for a while. Its always a good idea to compare your new employers 401(k)plan with your old one. Every company offers different types of i
46、nvestment options, from overseas stocks to high-tech stocks and everything in between. If you do want to transfer the account to your new employer, you need to go to the human resources department and ask for forms that help you make the transition. Dont forget to ask for job leads from your ex-cowo
47、rkers. Even if you are leaving for a job in another industry, you never know what people they happen to know that can help with your job search. Keep in touch with the friends you have made at your old job. Remember to anchor yourself to people, not institutions, and you will find that any transitio
48、n is made easier. 46 According to Paragraph 1, in the United States, _. （ A） most industries stay unaffected by global economic recession （ B） each and every company spares no effort to survive the fierce competition （ C） compulsory redundancy is going on in every industry （ D） employees are laid of
49、f because they are not qualified for their jobs 47 The word “interim“ most probably means_. （ A） interval （ B） hard time （ C） transitional period （ D） emergency 48 Whats the point of saving the receipts of job-searching expense? （ A） To get reductions at tax-filing time. （ B） To keep a record of ones job hunting experience. （ C） T
