1、考博英语模拟试卷 98及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 A good deal of the _ for his achievement in this field must go to his supervisor, Professor Fang. （ A） credit （ B） reputation （ C） respect （ D） praise 2 The negotiations which _ the signing of the treaty took place over a number of years. （ A） preceded
2、 （ B） prescribed （ C） proceeded （ D） processed 3 Americans are highly _, and therefore may find it difficult to become deeply involved with others. （ A） moving （ B） mobile （ C） movable （ D） motional 4 The United States and Canada are lands of _ except for the Indians, who are the only true natives.
3、（ A） emigrants （ B） immigrants （ C） dwellers （ D） inhabitants 5 There was a noisy _ at the back of the hall when the speaker began his address. （ A） interaction （ B） irritation （ C） disturbance （ D） interruption 6 The patient is not in good condition, so do not _ your visit. （ A） lengthen （ B） delay
4、 （ C） extend （ D） prolong 7 Violence is just one of the many problems _ in city life. （ A） abundant （ B） inherent （ C） substantial （ D） coherent 8 Trees that _ the view of the oncoming traffic should be cut down. （ A） block （ B） inhibit （ C） revise （ D） alter 9 He gave his work to his friend to _, b
5、ecause he found it hard to see his own mistakes. （ A） adjust （ B） compile （ C） revise （ D） verify 10 A considerable amount of time and money has been invested in _ this system. （ A） defining （ B） implying （ C） reducing （ D） perfecting 11 We were frightened by the _ of the crowd. （ A） hospitality （ B
6、） honesty （ C） humanity （ D） hostility 12 The presidents _ remarks in his speech met with a lot of attacks from other countries. （ A） offensive （ B） impressive （ C） permissive （ D） expressive 13 This can help to _ something that the students may not have comprehended. （ A） signify （ B） specify （ C）
7、testify （ D） clarify 14 He passed _ hours in the library; he acquired information relative to the subject he was going to expound. （ A） resulting （ B） resultative （ C） resultful （ D） resulting 15 The travel agency has a full program of _, if tourists wish to visit local places of interest. （ A） expe
8、ditions （ B） excursions （ C） explorations （ D） propositions 16 The Barbie doll comes with a whole range of _ that you can dress her in. （ A） outlooks （ B） outlines （ C） outskirts （ D） outfits 17 I dont know how to interpret her remark. I think it was deliberately _. （ A） distinct （ B） ambiguous （ C）
9、 suspicious （ D） invisible 18 Economic theory would predict that a fall in the price of a commodity would lead to an increase in _. （ A） assumption （ B） resumption （ C） consumption （ D） presumption 19 As with a human baby, you must be patient, _ and understanding of your pets mistakes. （ A） tolerant
10、 （ B） strict （ C） obedient （ D） durable 20 To our disappointment, the guide also only has a slight _ with Italian. （ A） recognition （ B） orientation （ C） acquaintance （ D） familiarity 21 On the first day when a pupil enters school, he is asked to _ to the school rules. （ A） concede （ B） conform （ C）
11、 comply （ D） confront 22 Once the _ contradiction is grasped, all problems will be readily solved. （ A） principle （ B） principal （ C） potential （ D） primitive 23 If you want to go to the concert, youll have to make a _, or there will be no tickets. （ A） reservation （ B） punctuality （ C） compliment （
12、 D） clarity 24 I arrive at nine oclock, teach until twelve thirty and then have a meal; that is my morning _. （ A） habit （ B） custom （ C） practice （ D） routine 25 David _ his companys success to the unity of all the staff and their other guests. （ A） attributed （ B） contributed （ C） acknowledged （ D
13、） pledged 26 Youve been talking with David all evening when you ought to be _ with other guests. （ A） blending （ B） integrating （ C） mingling （ D） incorporating 27 I asked my mother if I could go out, and she _. （ A） descended （ B） contented （ C） consented （ D） ascended 28 The room is so _ with furn
14、iture that its hard to move about. （ A） muddled （ B） cluttered （ C） distributed （ D） scattered 29 Cant you speak more _ to your parents? （ A） respectably （ B） respectingly （ C） respectively （ D） respectfully 30 Some _ good luck brought us nothing but trouble. （ A） seemingly （ B） satisfactorily （ C）
15、uniformly （ D） universally 31 He _ his old car for a new one as soon as he had won the prize. （ A） replaced （ B） converted （ C） exchanged （ D） interchanged 32 He is a very _ character; he is never relaxed with strangers. （ A） self-confident （ B） self-conscious （ C） self-evident （ D） self-serving 33
16、Youll find that the community has _ great changes since you were here last time. （ A） submitted （ B） sustained （ C） perceived （ D） undergone 34 You dont have to _ yourself. I think you did the right thing putting your mother in a nursing home. （ A） justify （ B） hinder （ C） indulge （ D） appoint 35 If
17、 prisoners behave well they are allowed the _ of visiting their families at the weekend. （ A） equality （ B） security （ C） privilege （ D） prestige 36 From 1965 to 1978 American consumer prices increased at an average annual rate of 5.7 percent. This ominous shift was followed by consumer price gains
18、of 13.3 percent in 1979. （ A） promising （ B） overwhelming （ C） threatening （ D） astonishing 37 In 1982, Hitachi was indicted for stealing confidential documents from IBM. As part of a court settlement, the company paid IBM hundreds of millions of dollars. （ A） condemned for （ B） accused of （ C） disc
19、iplined for （ D） disapproved of 38 The preserved food should retain palatable appearance, flavor, and texture, as well as its original nutritional value. （ A） tasty （ B） stylish （ C） delicate （ D） notable 39 The Austrian manufacturing industry consists of a few large organizations, many of which ope
20、rate under government auspices. （ A） supervision （ B） orientation （ C） regulation （ D） sponsorship 40 European conservatives, until the end of the 19th century, rejected democratic principles and institutions. Instead they opted for monarchies or for authoritarian government. （ A） chose （ B） constru
21、cted （ C） conceived （ D） conserved 二、 Reading Comprehension 40 Love cant conquer all. So, before couples tie the knot, they should know what theyre getting into. The taboo against couples living together before marriage is decreasing, and more and more people are saying “I do“ after theyve spent mon
22、ths, or even years, living together. As much as a person loves another, he or she never really knows what happens behind closed doors unless he or she is standing on the other side. While some people view living together before marriage as immoral, couples are actually expanding the boundaries of th
23、eir relationship by moving in together. For example, the division of household responsibilities can be a major issue for newlyweds. By living together, couples can solve imbalances in the distribution of those responsibilities before someone realizes he or she has married a lazy bum. This may seem l
24、ike a small point, but how many women and men are out there who never thought they would be the only ones cooking, washing dishes, vacuuming, mopping, scrubbing, disinfecting, cleaning laundry, dusting, etc.? One of the largest problems in marriages is the “m“ word: money. If couples live together b
25、efore marriage, they learn one anothers saving and spending styles. By sharing expenses, people learn not only how each person controls the purse strings but how to discuss finance matters with each other. Its important for couples to figure out budget priorities before they are married, and this is
26、 difficult to do unless a person has been sharing expenses with his or her partner. If couples dont have their financial issues in order, they are bound to surface, causing trouble in the marriage. Its also difficult to know someone intimately without living with him or her. A special bond forms bet
27、ween people who share their living space; their personal belongings, and their lives together. Some things you just dont know until youve lived with someone. While some people believe living together before marriage is inappropriate, like most everything else in this .country, it is a choice that ev
28、eryone should respect. Living together can be a positive experience that will later reinforce a marriage, but it can also be something that ends a relationship. But if a relationship is going to end, its better people discover the hard truth before they marry. Even though two people love each other
29、and enjoy spending time together, the real question is, can you live together? People might want to find out before they make the serious decision to marry. 41 “Tie the knot“ in the first line of the first paragraph means _. （ A） getting acquainted with each other （ B） dating each other （ C） living
30、together before marriage （ D） getting married 42 According to the author, through living together _. （ A） a couple can reinforce their love （ B） a couple can learn who is better at doing the housework （ C） a couple can save some money for their marriage （ D） a couple can know each other intimately 4
31、3 To some people, living together before marriage is unacceptable because _. （ A） it is immoral and inappropriate （ B） it may end a relationship more quickly （ C） it is a shame to the couples parents （ D） it will cause many social problems 44 Which of the following is not true according to the passa
32、ge? （ A） Living together before marriage is now more acceptable than before. （ B） Little household chores can cause trouble in ones marriage. （ C） Love is the guarantee of a happy marriage. （ D） Newly-weds often has many life imbalances to face. 45 An important point the author made in this passage
33、is _. （ A） living together before marriage is significant; every couple should try （ B） living together before marriage is a choice that should be respected （ C） living together is the best way to bridge the gaps between a couple （ D） living together is a symbol of the modern form of civilization 45
34、 There were two widely divergent influences on the early development of statistical methods. Statistics had a mother who was dedicated to keeping orderly records of governmental units (state and statistics come from the same Latin root, status) and a gentlemanly gambling father who relied on mathema
35、tics to increase his skill at playing the odds in games of chance. The influence of the mother on the offspring, statistics, is represented by counting, measuring, describing, tabulating, .ordering, and the taking of censuses - all of which led to modern descriptive statistics. From the influence of
36、 the father came modern inferential statistics, which is based squarely on theories of probability. Descriptive statistics involves tabulating, depicting, and describing collections of data. These data may be either quantitative, such as measures of height, intelligence, or grade level variables, th
37、at are characterized by an underlying continuum or the data may represent qualitative variable, such as sex, college major, or personality type. Large masses of data must generally undergo a process of summarization or reduction before they are comprehensible. Descriptive statistics is tool for desc
38、ribing or summarizing or reducing to comprehensible form the properties of an otherwise unwieldy mass of data. Inferential statistics is a formalized body of methods for solving another class of problems that present great difficulties for the unaided human mind. This general class of problems chara
39、cteristically involves attempts to make predictions using a sample of observations. For example, a school superintendent wishes to determine the proportion of children in a large school system who come to school without breakfast, have been vaccinated for flu, or whatever. Having a little knowledge
40、of statistics, the superintendent would know that it is unnecessary and inefficient to question each child; the proportion for the entire district could be estimated fairly accurately from a sample of as few as 100 children. Thus, the purpose of inferential statistics is to predict or estimate chara
41、cteristics of a population from knowledge of the characteristics of only a sample of the population. 46 Which of the following are counting and describing associated with? （ A） descriptive statistics （ B） unknown variables （ C） qualitative changes （ D） inferential statistics 47 Why does the author m
42、ention the “mother“ and “father“ in the first paragraph? （ A） to present the background of statistics in a humorous and understandable way （ B） to point out that parents can teach their children statistics （ C） to explain that there are different kinds of variables （ D） to introduce inferential stat
43、istics 48 Which of the following is true of descriptive statistics? （ A） It leads to increased variability. （ B） It solves all numerical problems. （ C） It simplifies unwieldy masses of data. （ D） It changes qualitative variables to quantitative variables. 49 What is the purpose of examining a sample
44、 of a population? （ A） to tabulate collections of data （ B） to compare different groups （ C） to consider all the quantitative variables （ D） to predict characteristics of the entire population 50 Which of the following might be the best title for this passage? （ A） How to Use Descriptive Statistics
45、（ B） Applications of Inferential Statistics （ C） The Development and Use of Statistics （ D） The Brawbacks of Descriptive and Inferential Statistics 50 There are so many bad things about women drivers, I dont know where to start. I guess I will get the bail rolling by talking about one of my biggest
46、pet peeves. Why do women have to wait until they are in the car and barreling down the highway at sixty miles an hour before they decide it is time to put on their makeup? Is there a law that I dont know about that says women have to do their makeup in the car because the bathroom isnt good enough f
47、or them? I dont know if anyone has ever informed women, but the mirror in the car is not a makeup mirror. The mirror is used for looking at other cars and pedestrians. So please do us all a favor and do your makeup before you leave the house. The next order of business for the men should be to find
48、out whose brilliant idea it was for women to have a phone in the car. This has disaster written all over it. Everyone knows that women cant even walk and chew gum at the same time, so how in the hell are they going to drive and talk on the phone? Why is it that every time you are sitting at a red li
49、ght the woman in front of you thinks this is a good time to make a phone call? “HELLO LADY. THE LIGHT IS GREEN, GET OFF THE PHONE AND GO!“ I really think we need to outlaw women using their cell phones while they drive. Another accident waiting to happen is when you get two women in the same car together. How many times have you seen two women just yakking away and th
