1、职称英语（卫生类） ABC级综合模拟试卷 16及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 We should be cautious in crossing a crowded street. （ A） careful （ B） intelligent （ C） quiet （ D） weary 2 Japan made a proposal to Korea for increasing trade between two countries. （ A） pr
2、eparation （ B） exception （ C） suggestion （ D） companion 3 I can hardly believe it, its amazing. （ A） over and over （ B） unconscious （ C） unreliable （ D） incredible 4 Peter is experiencing a difficult period in his life. （ A） going into （ B） going out of （ C） going over （ D） going through 5 Sandre ca
3、me across an important letter yesterday while cleaning the desk. （ A） mentioned （ B） read （ C） discovered （ D） walked away with 6 The old concerns lose importance and some of them vanish altogether. （ A） disappear （ B） develop （ C） linger （ D） renew 7 She has such exceptional abilities that everyone
4、 is jealous of her. （ A） regular （ B） specific （ C） extraordinary （ D） rare 8 Have you got a spare pen? （ A） new （ B） long （ C） thin （ D） extra 9 In 1861 it seemed inevitable that the Southern states would break away from the Union. （ A） strange （ B） certain （ C） inconsistent （ D） proper 10 Sulphur
5、has occasionally been found in the earth in an almost pure state. （ A） regularly （ B） accidentally （ C） sometimes （ D） successfully 11 Do you need anybody to assist you in your work? （ A） inform （ B） aid （ C） direct （ D） instruct 12 If you have any complaint please see the manager. （ A） protest （ B）
6、 criticism （ C） suggestion （ D） fault 13 Extremely refined behavior, however, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of man. （ A） possible （ B） typical （ C） interesting （ D） morally good 14
7、 Below 600 feet ocean waters range from dimly lit to completely dark. （ A） inadequately （ B） hardly （ C） faintly （ D） sufficiently 15 Thus our conviction is reinforced that only social revolution can really solve the problems of the people. （ A） argument （ B） belief （ C） proposal （ D） theory 二、 阅读判断
8、 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Red Meat Links to Higher Risk of Breast Cancer Exercise and keeping a healthy weight are two things that doctors say might help women lower their risk of breast cancer. Mothers may
9、reduce their risk if they breastfeed for at least four months. For older women, hormone replacement therapy can lower the risk of some other diseases. But it has been found to increase the risk of breast cancer. So women should consider their choices carefully. The same may be said for diet. New fin
10、dings show that younger women who eat a lot of red meat have higher rates of breast cancers called hormone-receptor positive. The growth is fed by the levels of estrogen or another hormone, progesterone, in the body. Researchers at Brigham Womens Hospital in Boston, Massachusetts, reported the findi
11、ngs as part of a health study of nurses. The researchers followed the health of more than 90,000 women from 1991 to 2003. Those who ate the most red meat ate more than one and one-half servings a day. A serving was defined as roughly 84 grams. Those who ate the least red meat ate less than three ser
12、vings a week. This is what the study found about breast cancers that were hormone receptor-positive: The women who ate the most red meat were almost two times as likely to get them as the women who ate the least of it. Eunyoung Cho, the lead author of the report, says more research is needed to know
13、 the reason for the link. But in the past, researchers have suggested that three things may play a part. One is the way meat is cooked or processed. Another is the use of growth hormones in cows. And the third is the kind of iron in red meat. The study appears in the Archives of Internal Medicine. A
14、nd now we have more to tell you about our subject - resveratrol. We discussed a study in the United States that found that large amounts of this plant compound helped fat mice live longer. The mice were fed much more resveratrol than people could get from red wine, one of the foods that contains it.
15、 Now, scientists in France say resveratrol also improves muscle performance - again, at least in mice. They were able to run two times as far in laboratory treadmill tests4 as mice normally could. The study at the Institute of Genetics and Molecular and Cellular Biologys appeared in the journal Cell
16、. 16 Breastfeeding helps women prevent the development of breast cancer to a certain degree. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Estrogen may contribute to the development of breast cancer as much as hormone replacement therapy. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The amount of red m
17、eat a woman eats is directly proportional to the probability of breast cancer. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 The way red meat is prepared has much to do with the probability of breast cancer. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Any kind of iron in the food is a contributor to t
18、he development of breast cancer. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Resveratrol is the fourth factor recently found that causes a breast cancer to develop. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Any kind of wine contains resveratrol. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句
19、子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Aspirin - a New Miracle Drug 1. Using aspirin, an over-the-counter pill on sale in every supermarket without a prescription, to treat serious circulatory disease may seem almos
20、t like quackery. But today doctors recognize this drug as a potent compound as important as antibiotics, digitalis and other miracle drugs. 2. In its natural form as willow bark and leaves, this remarkable remedy dates back to Hippocrates2. In 1829 the chemical in the willow tree that can relieve pa
21、in and reduce fever was discovered to be salicin. By 1899 the Bayer Company in Germany had marketed a variant, acetylsalicylic acid, under the name of aspirin. 3. Since then, aspirin and compounds containing aspirin have been taken by tens of millions of arthritis patients. As a pain killer aspirin
22、is, according to one study, more effective than all other analgesics and narcotics available for oral use. It also acts on4the bodys thermostat, turning down fever. 4. But some of its powers remained unsuspected until recently. In 1950 the late Dr. Craven wrote to a small western medical journal abo
23、ut 400 overweight, sedentary male patients to whom he had given one or two aspirin tablets a day. None had had a heart attack. He enlarged his group to 8,000 and in 1956 reported: “Not a single case of detectable coronary or cerebral thrombosis “and “no major stroke“ had occurred in patients who had
24、 taken one or two tablets daily for from one to ten years. But his observations were largely ignored. 5. Then Dr. Vane proved that aspirin turned off the bodys prostaglandins hormonelike chemicals that can be secreted by every cell. Some potent prostaglandins are harmful compounds that create fever,
25、 pain and arthritis. One of them stimulates platelets in the blood to begin forming clots inside arteries. Aspirin blocks this dangerous effect. 6. Vanes finding caused some researchers to recall Cravens 1956 observations, which now had a possible scientific explanation. Numerous studies were begun
26、to find out whether aspirin could indeed inhibit heart attacks and stroke. 7. In 1972, ten US medical institutions began two “double-blind“ trials of 303 patients who suffered from transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). Four aspirin tablets a day were given to 153 patients, while placebo tablets were gi
27、ven to 150. Neither patients nor doctors knew which was which. After six months, the patients on aspirin had experienced much fewer TIAs, and fewer strokes and deaths from strokes than the “controls“. The results were so conclusive that aspirin has been used for this purpose widely. 23 A. Confirmati
28、on of the New Effect B. Pain-relieving and Fever-reducing Effects of Aspirin C. The Ignored Significant Observations D. The Origin of AspirinE An Explanation of Cravens Observations F Further Findings of Dr. Vane 23 Paragraph 2 _ 24 Paragraph 3 _ 25 Paragraph 5 _ 26 Paragraph 7 _ 27 A. that aspirin
29、has a positive effect on heart attacks and strokes B. two “double-blind“ trials of patients with heart disease C. that first produced aspirin for sale D. the unsuspected effect on pain and fever E. important Observations on the effects of aspirin F. that may cause clots to be formed in the arteries
30、27 In the middle of the last century Craven made _ 28 It is Bayer Company _ 29 There is a prostaglandin _ 30 Numerous studies concluded _ 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题， 每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Egypt Felled by Famine Even ancient Egypts mighty pyramid builders were powerless in the f
31、ace of the famine that helped bring down their civilisation around 2180 BC. Now evidence gleaned from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in climate thousands of kilometres to the south was ultimately to blame - and the same or worse could happen today. The ancient Egyptians depend
32、ed on the Niles annual floods to irrigate their crops. But any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons southwards out of Ethiopia would have diminished these floods. Dwindling rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stablise the soil. When rain did fall it would
33、have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and into Egypt, along with sediment from the White Nile4. The Blue Nile mud has a different isotope signature from that of the White Nile. So by analysing isotope differences in mud deposited in the Nile Delta, Michael Krom of Leeds University wor
34、ked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch of the river. Krom reasons that during periods of drought, the amount of the Blue Nile mud in the river would be relatively high. He found that one of these periods, from 4,500 to 4,200 years ago, immediately predates the fall of the Egypts O
35、ld Kingdom. The weakened waters would have been catastrophic for the Egyptians. “Changes that affect food supply dont have to be very large to have a ripple effect in societies,“ says Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in New York. Similar events today could be even more devastating,
36、says team member Daniel Stanley, a geoarchaeologist from the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. “Anything humans do to shift the climate belts would have an even worse effect along the Nile system today because the populations have increased dramatically.“ 31 Why does the author mention “py
37、ramid builders“? （ A） Because they once worked miracles. （ B） Because they were well-built. （ C） Because they were actually very weak. （ D） Because even they were unable to rescue their civilisation. 32 Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for the fall of the civilisation of anc
38、ient Egypt? （ A） Change of climate. （ B） Famine. （ C） Flood. （ D） Population growth. 33 Which of the following statements is true? （ A） The White Nile is the trunk of the River Nile. （ B） The White Nile is the trunk of the Blue Nile. （ C） The White Nile is a branch of the Blue Nile. （ D） The White N
39、ile and the Blue Nile are branches of the River Nile. 34 According to Krom, Egypts Old Kingdom fell （ A） immediately after a-period of drought. （ B） immediately after a period of flood. （ C） just before a drought struck. （ D） just before a flood struck. 35 The word “devastating“ in the last paragrap
40、h could be best replaced by （ A） frustrating. （ B） damaging. （ C） defeating. （ D） worrying. 36 After-birth Depression Blamed for Womans Suicide A new mother apparently suffering from postpartum mental illness fell to her death from a narrow 12th-floor ledge of a Chicago hotel, eluding the lunging gr
41、asp of firemen called to help. The Chicago Tribune reported Tuesday that the mother of a 3-month-old daughter, Melanie Stokes, 41, was said to be suffering from3 a severe form of after-birth depression called postpartum psychosis, an extremely rare biological response to rapidly changing hormonal le
42、vels that can result in4 hallucinations, delusions, severe insomnia and a drastic departure from reality. “That was a monster in my daughters brain,“ said Stokes mother, Carol Blocker. “The medicine took no effect at all, while her grief was so strong that nothing could make up for it. Im just glad
43、she didnt take her daughter with her.“ Virtually all new mothers get postpartum blues, also called the “baby blues“, which are brief episodes of irritability, moodiness and weepiness. About 20 per cent of birthing women experience postpartum depression, which can be triggered by hormonal changes, sl
44、eeplessness and the pressures of being a new mother. It is often temporary and highly treatable. But The Tribune said what scientists suspect Stokes was battling, postpartum psychosis, is even more extreme and is considered a psychiatric emergency. During postpartum psychosis - a very real disorder
45、that affects less than 1 percent of women, according to the National Institute of Mental Health- a mother .might hear voices, have visions, feel extremely agitated and be at risk of harming the child or herself. Often the consequences are tragic. In 1987, Sheryl Masip of California told a judge that
46、 postpartum psychosis made her drive a Volvo over her 6-week-old son. Latrena Pixley of Washington, D. C. o, said the disorder was why she smothered her 6-week-old daughter in 1992. And last year, Judy Kirby, a 31-year-old Indianapolis mother allegedly suffering from postpartum psychosis, sped into
47、oncoming traffic and plowed into a minivan, killing seven youngsters, including three of her own. 36 Which of the following is NOT a symptom of postpartum psychosis? （ A） Visions. （ B） Delusions. （ C） Inflamed breast. （ D） Serious sleeplessness. 37 It was considered fortunate by Stokes mother in the
48、 miserable event （ A） that Stokes had died in a Chicago hotel. （ B） that firemen had been called to help Stokes. （ C） that Stokes had been taking the prescribed medicines. （ D） that Stokes had not taken her daughter with her. 38 A patient suffering from “baby blues“ may present briefly one or more o
49、f the following symptoms EXCEPT （ A） having an intention of suicide. （ B） readily becoming impatient or angry. （ C） easily changing her moods. （ D） tending to experience weeping and sadness. 39 How many bearing women have experiences of after-birth depression? （ A） Virtually all of them. （ B） About one fifth of them. （ C） Less than one percent of them. （ D） Not mentioned exactly in the passage. 40 Who induced the most serious consequence among the postpartum depression patients mentio
