1、职称英语（卫生类） A级模拟试卷 32及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 He found me very dull. （ A） lazy （ B） boring （ C） sleepy （ D） dirty 2 She is slender, with delicate wrists and ankles. （ A） slim （ B） pale （ C） weak （ D） sick 3 Why cant you stop your eternal
2、complaining? （ A） boring （ B） temporary （ C） everlasting （ D） long 4 The world champion suffered a sensational defeat. （ A） reasonable （ B） dramatic （ C） humiliating （ D） horrifying 5 With immense relief,I stopped running. （ A） some （ B） enormous （ C） little （ D） extensive 6 She has a great capacity
3、 for learning languages. （ A） capability （ B） possibility （ C） space （ D） power 7 A good organizer pays attention to detail. （ A） recipient （ B） actor （ C） employee （ D） planner 8 Her novel depicts an ambitious Chinese. （ A） writes （ B） sketches （ C） describes （ D） indicates 9 The tourist wrote an i
4、ncisive critique of what be had seen. （ A） inaccurate （ B） subtle （ C） negative （ D） penetrating 10 A red flag was placed there as a token of danger. （ A） sign （ B） substitute （ C） proof （ D） target 11 They had a far better yield than any other farm miles away around this year. （ A） goods （ B） soil
5、（ C） climate （ D） harvest 12 Civil rights are embodied in the platform. （ A） included （ B） excluded （ C） expressed （ D） emerged 13 Ants always put food away in Autumn. （ A） store （ B） steal （ C） eat （ D） carry 14 I am sure to tell you that theres no danger. （ A） ensure （ B） assure （ C） insure （ D） s
6、ecure 15 We shall never be able to fulfill ourselves truly unless we are working for the welfare of our fellows. （ A） realize （ B） accomplish （ C） complete （ D） finish 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根 据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Fermi
7、 Problem On a Monday morning in July, the worlds first atom bomb exploded in New Mexico desert. Forty seconds later, the shock waves reached the base camp where the Italian-American physicist Enrico Fermi and his team stood. After a mental calculation, Fermi announced to his team that the bombs ener
8、gy had equated 10,000 tons of TNT. The bomb team was impressed, but not surprised. Fermis genius was known throughout the scientific world. In 1938 he had won a Nobel Prize. Four years later he produced the first nuclear chain reaction, leading us into the nuclear age. Since Fermis death in 1954, no
9、 physicist has been at once a master experimentalist(实验室 )and a leading theoretician(理论学家 ). Like all virtuosos(大师 ), Fermi had a distinctive style. He preferred the most direct route to an answer. He was very good at dividing difficult problems into small, manageable bits talent we all can use in o
10、ur daily lives. To develop this talent in his students, Fermi would suggest a type of question now known as a Fermi problem. Upon first hearing one of these, you havent the remotest notion of the answer, and you feel certain that too little information had been given to solve it. Yet when the proble
11、m is broken into sub-problems, each answerable without the help of experts or books, you can come close to the exact solution. Suppose you want to determine earths circumference without looking it up. Everyone knows that New York and Los Angeles are about 3 ,000 miles apart and that the time differe
12、nce between them is three hours. Three hours is one-eighth of a day, and a day is the time it takes the planet to complete one rotation(旋转 ), so its circumference must be eight times 3,000 or 24,000 miles. This answer differs from the true value, 24,902.45 miles, by less than four percent. Ultimatel
13、y the value of dealing with everyday problems the way Fermi did lies in the rewards of making independent discoveries and inventions. It doesnt matter whether the discovery is as important as determining the power of an atom or as small as measuring the distance between New York and Los Angeles. Loo
14、king up the answer, or letting someone else find it, deprives you of the pleasure and pride that accompany creativity, and deprives you of an experience that builds up self-confidence. Thus, approaching personal dilemmas as Fermi problems can become a habit that enriches your life. 16 Fermis team wa
15、s impressed by Fermis announcement in the base camp because he could even work out the power of the atom bomb in his mind. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Fermi, an experimentalist as well as a theoretician, won a Nobel Prize for producing the first nuclear chain reaction in the world. （
16、 A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Dividing a big problem into small problems is a talent Fermi had and a talent that has practical value in life. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Fermi problem is to develop the talent of breaking a seemingly unanswerable problem into sub-problems
17、 and finding the solution to it, which is a typical Fermi problem. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Then the fourth paragraph tells us how Fermi solved the problem of earths circumference without looking up. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 The last paragraph concludes the whol
18、e writing by stressing the value of important inventions and small discoveries. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Fermi was famous for inventing a device to calculate bombs energy accurately. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成 句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第
19、 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Understanding Autism 1 Autism(孤独症 )is a life-long developmental disability that prevents individuals from properly understanding what they see,hear,and otherwise sense. This results in severe problems of social relationsh
20、ips, communication, and behavior. Individuals with autism have to painstakingly(费力地 )learn normal patterns of speech and communication, and appropriate ways to relate to people, objects,and events,in a similar manner to those who have had a stroke. 2 The cause of autism is still unknown. Some resear
21、ch suggests a physical problem affecting those parts of the brain that process language and information coming in from the senses. There may be some imbalance of certain chemicals in the brain. Genetic(遗传的 )factors may sometimes be involved. Autism may indeed result from a combination of several “ca
22、uses“. 3 Most people with mental retardation(智力迟钝 )show relatively even skill development. Individuals with autism, however, typically show uneven skill development, with deficits(欠缺 )in certain areas most frequently in their ability to communicate and relate to others and distinct skills in other a
23、reas. It is important to distinguish autism from mental retardation or other disorders, since diagnostic(诊断的 )confusion may lead to inappropriate and ineffective treatment techniques. 4 In general, individuals with autism perform best at jobs which are structured and involve a degree of repetition.
24、Some people who have autism are working as artists, piano tuners, painters, farm workers,office workers, computer operators, dishwashers, assembly line workers, or employees of sheltered workshops or other sheltered work settings. A What causes autism? B How common is autism? C Does autism occur tog
25、ether with other disabilities? D What is the difference between autism and mental retardation? E What is autism? F What kinds of jobs can individuals with autism do? 23 Paragraph 1_ 24 Paragraph 2_ 25 Paragraph 3_ 26 Paragraph 4_ 26 A different techniques B social relationships and communication C l
26、anguage and information D several causes working together E a degree of repetition F skill development 27 Individuals with autism are particularly weak at_. 28 It is possible that autism happens as a result of_. 29 Autism and mental retardation should be treated with_. 30 A typical feature of people
27、 with autism is their uneven_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Trying to Find a Partner One of the most striking findings of a recent poll in the UK is that of the people interviewed, one in two believes that it is becoming more difficult to meet someone to sta
28、rt a family with. Why are many finding it increasingly difficult to start and sustain intimate relationships? Does modern life really make it harder to fall in love? or are we making it harder for ourselves? It is certainly the case today that contemporary couples benefit in different ways from rela
29、tionships. Women no longer rely upon partners for economic security or status. A man doesnt expect his spouse to be in sole charge of running his household and raising his children. But perhaps the knowledge that we can live perfectly well without a partnership means that it takes much more to persu
30、ade people to abandon their independence. In theory, finding a partner should be much simpler these days. Only a few generations ago, your choice of soulmate(心上人 )was constrained by geography, social convention and family tradition. Although it was never explicit, many marriages were essentially arr
31、anged. Now those barriers have been broken down. You can approach a builder or a brain surgeon in any bar in any city on any given evening. When the world is your oyster(牡蛎 ),you surely have a better chance of finding a pearl. But it seems that the old conventions have been replaced by an even tight
32、er constraint: the tyranny of choice. The expectations of partners are inflated to an unmanageable degree: good looks, impressive salary, kind to grandmother, and right socks. There is no room for error in the first impression. We think that a relationship can be perfect. If it isnt, it is disposabl
33、e. We work to protect ourselves against future heartache and dont put in the hard emotional labor needed to build a strong relationship. Of course, this is complicated by realities. The cost of housing and child -rearing creates pressure to have a stable income and career before a life partnership.
34、31 What does the recent poll show? （ A） It is getting more difficult for a woman to find her husband. （ B） It is getting increasingly difficult to start a family. （ C） It is getting more difficult for a man to find his wife. （ D） It is getting increasingly difficult to develop an intimate relationsh
35、ip with your spouse. 32 Which of the following is NOT true about a contemporary married couple? （ A） The wife doesnt have to raise the children all by herself. （ B） The husband doesnt have to support the family all by himself. （ C） The wife is no longer the only person to manage the household. （ D）
36、They will receive a large sum of money from the government. 33 Which of the following was NOT a constraint on ones choice of soulmate in the old days? （ A） The health condition of his or her grandmother. （ B） The geographical environment. （ C） The social convention. （ D） The family tradition. 34 Whi
37、ch of the following is NOT expected of a partner according to this passage? （ A） Good looks. （ B） An impressive career. （ C） A high salary. （ D） A fine sense of humor. 35 The word “sustain“(paragraph 2)could be best replaced by_. （ A） reduce （ B） shake （ C） maintain （ D） weaken 35 Many Older Doctors
38、 Plan to Phase out Their Practice The results of a new survey indicate that 48 percent of physicians between 50 and 65 years of age are planning to reduce or end their clinical practice in the next 1 to 3 years. The findings also suggest that many older physicians believe that their younger counterp
39、arts do not have the work ethic they do. The survey, which was conducted by Merritt Hawkins in the early 21st century, men in the United States and the United Kingdom can expect to live to about 74, women to about 80, and these【 C1】 _are rising all the time. What has brought【 C2】 _ these changes? Wh
40、en we look at the life【 C3】 _of people 100 years ago, we need to look at the greatest【 C4】 _of the time. In the early 20th century, these were the acute and often【 C5】 _infectious diseases such as smallpox. Many children died very young from these diseases and others, and the weak and elderly were a
41、lways at risk. In the【 C6】 _world these diseases are far【 C7】 _today, and in some cases have almost disappeared. A number of【 C8】 _have led to this: improvements in sanitation and hygiene, the discovery and use of antibiotics, which【 C9】 _bacterial diseases much less dangerous, and vaccinations 【 C1
42、0】_common diseases. 【 C11】 _, peoples general health has improved with improvements in our general environment: cleaner air, better means of preserving food, better and warmer housing, and better understanding of nutrition. Genetically ,we should all be able to live to about 85 but【 C12】 _people do
43、live longer today, there are still some big killers around that are preventing us from consistently reaching that age. The problems that affect people today are the more chronic illnesses, such as heart disease and strokes, and those【 C13】 _by viruses, such as influenza and AIDS. Of course, cancer i
44、s a huge killer as well. In most cases these diseases affect【 C14】 _people, but there are worrying trends in the developed world with problems such as obesity【 C15】 _more heart disease and illnesses such as diabetes at younger ages. The killers today can be classed as “lifestyle diseases“ ,which mea
45、ns that it may be possible to halt their progress. 51 【 C1】 （ A） countries （ B） lives （ C） years （ D） ages 52 【 C2】 （ A） in （ B） about （ C） to （ D） with 53 【 C3】 （ A） span （ B） duration （ C） time （ D） length 54 【 C4】 （ A） people （ B） killers （ C） invention （ D） nation 55 【 C5】 （ A） more （ B） less （
46、C） high （ D） highly 56 【 C6】 （ A） developed （ B） less developed （ C） undeveloped （ D） developing 57 【 C7】 （ A） more deadly （ B） deadly （ C） less deadly （ D） fatal 58 【 C8】 （ A） improvements （ B） factors （ C） jobs （ D） measures 59 【 C9】 （ A） makes （ B） causes （ C） make （ D） cause 60 【 C10】 （ A） again
47、st （ B） for （ C） to （ D） from 61 【 C11】 （ A） And （ B） Therefore （ C） In addition （ D） Nevertheless 62 【 C12】 （ A） when （ B） yet （ C） however （ D） while 63 【 C13】 （ A） spread （ B） affected （ C） produced （ D） created 64 【 C14】 （ A） poor （ B） weak （ C） older （ D） young 65 【 C15】 （ A） and （ B） leading t
48、o （ C） from （ D） with 职称英语（卫生类） A级模拟试卷 32答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 句意为：他觉得我是很枯燥的一个人。 lazy意为 “懒惰的 ”。 boring意为 “枯燥无聊的 ”，与 dull意义相近， sleepy意为 “困倦的 ”； dirty意为 “肮脏的 ”。 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 句意为：她很苗条，手脚纤细。 slim意为 “苗条的 ”。 pale意为 “苍白的
49、 ”； weak意为 “虚弱的 ”； sick意为 “有病的 ”，只有 slim和 slender意思上最接近。 3 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 句意为：你为什么就不能停止你无休止的抱怨呢 ?boring意为 “无聊的，令人厌烦的 ”， temporary意为 “临时的 ”； everlasting意为 “永恒的 ”与 eternal意义相近； long意为 “长期地 ”。 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解 析】 句意为：世界冠军遭到了引起轰动的惨败。句中 sensational意为“轰动性的 ”。四个选项中， reasonable意为 “合理的 ”， dramatic意为 “戏剧性的 ”， humiliating意为 “令人屈辱的 ”， horrifying意为 “吓人的 ”。和 B项意义相近，故选 B项。 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 句意为：得到巨大的放松后，我不再跑步了。
