1、职称英语（卫生类） B级模拟试卷 32及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The scientist and agricultural innovator George Washington Carver aided the economy of the South by developing hundreds of commercial uses for crops such as the peanut. （ A） restored （ B） stab
2、ilized （ C） helped （ D） changed 2 Eleanor Roosevelts dedication to humanitarian causes won her affection and honor at home and abroad. （ A） on the air （ B） henceforth （ C） nearby （ D） in foreign countries 3 Mary boasted that she would succeed where others had failed. （ A） threatened （ B） warned （ C）
3、 bragged （ D） joked 4 By the time he was ten years old, Beniamin Oliver Davis Jr. had already decided his career would be in the air force. （ A） uniform （ B） vocation （ C） education （ D） rank 5 A dream usually consists of visual images that tell a story. （ A） graphics （ B） vapors （ C） pictures （ D）
4、fantasies 6 The United States is trying to deal with the serious problems brought on by the energy crisis. （ A） dispense （ B） cope （ C） cooperate （ D） interact 7 Before the invention of photoengraving, steel and copperplate engraving served as the principal means of reproducing illustrations. （ A） v
5、isions （ B） pictures （ C） advertisements （ D） pages 8 A fundamental premise of a free-enterprise economic system is that all small businesses face difficult competition. （ A） confront （ B） mock （ C） lose （ D） appreciate 9 When a liquid boils, it becomes a gas. （ A） vapor （ B） danger （ C） fuel （ D） b
6、ubble 10 Students working toward a degree in business are likely candidates for careers in the banking industry. （ A） lively （ B） friendly （ C） promising （ D） sophisticated 11 Throughout most of their lives, human beings perpetually learn and increase their mental capacities. （ A） actually （ B） read
7、ily （ C） finally （ D） constantly 12 Although a newspapers primary function is to inform, special features are usually included for entertainment. （ A） jointly （ B） cautiously （ C） commonly （ D） intentionally 13 Project Skylab was designed to demonstrate that a person can work and live in space for p
8、rolonged periods without ill effects. （ A） unexpected （ B） obvious （ C） adverse （ D） immediate 14 The works of Walt Whitman had a lasting effect on the development of modern American poetry. （ A） an enduring （ B） an unknown （ C） a startling （ D） a final 15 An introverted person is inclined to be moo
9、dy. （ A） fanciful （ B） changeable （ C） depressed （ D） gloomy 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Bees and Colour On our table in the garden we put a blue card, and all around this blue card we put a number of d
10、ifferent grey cards. These grey cards are of all possible shades of grey and include white and black. On each card a watch-glass is placed. The watch-glass on the blue card has some syrup(果汁 ) in it, all the others are empty. After a short time bees find the syrup, and they come for it again and aga
11、in. Then, after some hours, we take away the watch-glass of syrup which was on the blue card and put an empty one in its place. Now what do the bees do? They still go straight to the blue card, although there is no syrup there. They do not go to any of the grey cards, in spite of the fact that one o
12、f the grey cards is of exactly the same brightness as the blue card. Thus the bees do not mistake any shade of grey for blue. In this way we have proved that they do really see blue as a colour. We can find out in just the same way what other colours bees can see. It turns out that bees can see vari
13、ous colours, but these insects differ from us as regards their colour-sense in two very interesting ways. Suppose we train bees to come to a red card, and, having done so, we put the red card on the table in the garden among the set of different grey cards. This time we find that the bees mistake re
14、d for dark grey or black. They cannot distinguish between them. This means that red is not a colour at all for bees; for them it is just dark grey or black. That is one strange fact; here is another. A rainbow is red on one edge, violet on the other. Outside the violet of the rainbow there is anothe
15、r colour which we cannot see at all. This colour beyond the violet， invisible to us, is called the ultra-violet. Although it is invisible, we know that the ultra-violet is there because it affects a photographic plate. Now, although we are unable to see ultra-violet light , bees can do so; for them
16、ultra-violet is a colour. Thus bees see a colour which we cannot even imagine. This has been found out by training bees to come for syrup to various parts of a spectrum, or artificial rainbow, thrown by a prism on a table in a dark room. In such an experiment the insects can be taught to fly to the
17、ultra-violet, which for us is just darkness. 16 The experiment with bees described in the first and second paragraphs tell us that bees regard blue as a colour. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 The third paragraph tells us that bees also regard red as a colour. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C）
18、Not mentioned 18 The experiment described in the second paragraph aimed to find out that bees are not able to see grey as a colour. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 An artificial rainbow was created for the experiment to see whether bees can recognize the ultra-violet as a colour. （ A） Ri
19、ght （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 The fourth paragraph tells us that bees may be harmed by ultra-violet light. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 We can conclude from the passage that bees recognize colours in the same way as human beings. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Bees
20、 are more sensitive to colours than human beings. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Rainmaking 1 The idea of rainmaking is almost as old as man, but it was no
21、t until 1946 that man succeeded in making rain. In ancient times, rainmakers had claimed to bring rain by many methods: dancing singing, killing animals (including humans). 2 For a long time, men have understood where rain comes from. Water from the surface of oceans and lakes becomes part of the ai
22、r, where it forms clouds from which rain falls. But exactly what starts the formation of raindrops was not known until quite recently. A man named John Aitken proved that drops of water gather around tiny bits of dust or other matter. The centers of the drops are so small that the human eye cannot s
23、ee them. Without such centers, it seems raindrops do not form. 3 During World War II , Dr. Irving Langmir, and his assistant Schaefer, were hired by the General Electric Company to study how and why ice forms on the wings of airplanes. They went to a mountain in New Hampshire, where snowstorms are c
24、ommon and cold winds blow. They were surprised to find that often the temperature of the clouds surrounding them was far below the freezing point, and yet ice did not form in the clouds. 4 After the War, Schaefer experimented with a machine that created cold, moist air similar to the air found in cl
25、ouds. To imitate the moist air of a cloud. Schaefer would breathe into the machine. Then he would drop into the freezer a bit of powder , sugar , or some other substance. For weeks and months he tried everything he could imagine. Nothing happened. No crystals of ice were formed. None of the substanc
26、es would serve as the center of a snow crystal or raindrops. 5 One July morning, Schaefer was dropping in bits of various substances and watching the unsuccessful results. Finally, a friend suggested that they go to eat lunch and Schaefer went with him. As usual, he left the cover of the freezer up,
27、 since cold air sinks and would not escape from the box. 6 Returning from lunch, Schaefer found that the temperature of the freezer had risen to a point higher than that required for ice crystals to remain solid. There were two choices now. He could close the cover and wait for the freezer itself to
28、 lower the air temperature, or he could make the process occur faster by adding dry ice a gas in solid form that is very, very cold. He chose the latter plan. As he dropped the steaming white dry ice into the freezer, he happened to breathe out a large amount of air. And there, before his eyes, it h
29、appened! He had made ice crystals, not by adding centers to the moisture, but by cooling the breath so much that the liquid had to form crystals! Then he began to blow his breath into the freezer and drop large pieces of dry ice through it to create crystals which became a tiny snowstorm falling slo
30、wly to the floor of his laboratory. 7 After planning carefully, Schaefer made an experiment by dropping dry ice from his plane to the clouds below him. As was expected, snow formed and fell from the bottom of the cloud. Schaefer succeeded. He made history. A Langmir and Schaefers work for the GE Com
31、pany B Langmir and Schaefers discovery of rain-forming C Mens knowledge of rain-forming D Schaefers several unsuccessful experiments E Schaefers discovery by accident F Langmir and Schaefers successful cooperation 23 Paragraph _ 24 Paragraph 3 25 Paragraph _ 26 Paragraph _ 26 A imaginatively B recen
32、tly C carefully D unscientifically E accidentally F satisfactorily 27 In ancient times, rainmakers tried to make rain for dry lands, but_. 28 Schaefer found a way of how to make ice crystals 29 Schaefer successfully made a field experiment on rainmaking after planning_ 30 Man did not succeed in maki
33、ng rain until quite_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Movies Movies are the most popular form of entertainment for millions of Americans. They go to the movies to escape their normal everyday existence and to experience a life more exciting than their own. They
34、 may choose to see a particular film because they like the actors or because they have heard the film has a good story. But the main reason why people go to the movies is to escape. Sitting in a dark theater, watching the images on the screen, they enter another world that is real to them. They beco
35、me involved in the lives of the characters in the movie, and for two hours, they forget all about their own problems. They are in a dream world where things often appear to be more romantic (浪漫的 ) and beautiful than in real life. The biggest “dream factories“ are in Hollywood, the capital of the fil
36、m industry. Each year, Hollywood studios make hundreds of movies that are shown all over the world. American movies are popular because they tell stories and they are well-made. They provide the public with heroes who do things the average person would like to do but often cant. People have to cope
37、with many problems and much trouble in real life, so they feel encouraged when they see the “good guys“ win in the movies. 31 The Americans go to the movies mainly because they want_. （ A） to enjoy a good story （ B） to experience an exciting life （ C） to see the actors and actresses （ D） to escape t
38、heir daily life 32 Which of the following is peoples normal response to the movies they watch? _ （ A） They feel that everything on the screen is familiar to them. （ B） They try to turn their dreams into reality. （ C） They become so involved that they forget their own problems. （ D） They are touched
39、by the life stories of the stories of the actors and actresses. 33 It is obvious that real life is . （ A） less romantic than that in the movies （ B） more romantic than that in the movies （ C） as romantic as that in the movies （ D） filled with romantic stories 34 The American movies are popular becau
40、se_. （ A） they are well-made and the stories are interesting （ B） the characters in the movies are free to do whatever they like （ C） the heroes have to cope with many problems and frustrations （ D） good guys in the movies always win in the end 35 People enjoy seeing the movies because they_. （ A） a
41、re tired of their everyday lives （ B） feel inspired by the heroic deeds of the good guys （ C） want to see who win in the end （ D） have to cope with many problems in their lives 35 Prolonging Human Life Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive today woul
42、d have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago. Because more people live longer, there are more people around at any given time. In fact, it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birthrates, that has led to the population explosion. Prolonging human life has also in
43、creased the dependency load. In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures, old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine, infants might be allow
44、ed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, whereas if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary societies, people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age
45、at which they want to work or are able to work; we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement, somebody else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so
46、little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illnesses than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or private or government insurance, they must often “go on welfare“ if they have a serious illness. When older people become senile or too weak and ill to care for t
47、hemselves, they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures, they would be cared for at home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this ne
48、ed, a great many nursing homes and convalescent hospitals have been built. These are often profit-making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are good, most of them are simply “dumping grounds“ for the dying in which “c
49、are“ is given by poorly paid, overworked, and underskilled personnel. 36 The writer believes that the population explosion results from_. （ A） the industrial development （ B） an increase in birthrates （ C） cultural advances （ D） a decrease in death rates 37 It can be inferred from the passage that in hunting and gathering cultures_. （ A） infants could be left dead in times of starvation （ B） it was a moral responsibility to keep old-aged people alive （ C） death
