1、职称英语（卫生类） C级模拟试卷 1及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 It was no surprise when we were told that our grandfather had passed away. （ A） survived （ B） gone out （ C） died （ D） gone on a trip 2 The grasshopper is an insect that can leap about twenty ti
2、mes the length of its own body. （ A） jump （ B） see （ C） hear （ D） call 3 Under-used computer equipment can proliferate in large companies without a system to monitor purchasing. （ A） know （ B） order （ C） screen （ D） watch 4 The unemployment rate may rise slightly. （ A） a lot （ B） a little （ C） quick
3、ly （ D） sharply 5 The original application card has gone astray. （ A） new （ B） included （ C） outdated （ D） lost 6 I understand that George can play piano by ear; is that true? （ A） without dependence on written music （ B） with his eyes closed （ C） by hitting the keys with his ears （ D） by someone wh
4、o spoke into his ear 7 The audience applauded enthusiastically after the performance at the Grand Old Opera. （ A） clapped （ B） laughed （ C） chatted （ D） contributed 8 If the right first more on the puzzle above has you stumped, look in the back of this magazine under Creative Problem Solving. （ A） b
5、ored （ B） angried （ C） sad （ D） confused 9 The April edition (covering copies, overseas deliveries and office cleaning) is now available. （ A） recovering （ B） telling （ C） cutting （ D） dealing with 10 Youll be agreeably surprised by its reasonable price. （ A） cheap （ B） expensive （ C） standardized （
6、 D） same 11 Their talents are not only enormous but durable. （ A） elastic （ B） lasting （ C） flexible （ D） suitable 12 Annual renewal is automatic. （ A） every week （ B） every month （ C） every year （ D） everyday 13 We are engaged in the interdisciplinary field of the science and technology of material
7、s. （ A） take up （ B） busy with （ C） interested in （ D） take in 14 Phil Harris was hurtled into the business world at an age when most of todays teenagers are battling with “0“ levels. （ A） started （ B） entered （ C） thought （ D） rushed 15 The employer dictated the letter to his secretary, who wrote i
8、t down in shorthand. （ A） delivered （ B） handed （ C） read （ D） revealed 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个 句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 An international team of research scientists has created a new kind of rice that contains Vitamin A.
9、The researchers used genetic engineering to create the new rice. Genetic engineering is the technology of changing the genes of living things. The researchers say the rice could help millions of people who do not get enough Vitamin A in the food they eat. The findings were published in Science magaz
10、ine. Vitamin A is necessary for the bodys natural defense system against disease. Vitamin A is needed to help prevent skin and other tissues from drying out. It also produces a light-sensitive substance in the eyes. People who do not get enough Vitamin A cannot see well in the dark. They may develop
11、 a condition that dries the eyes. The condition can result in infections that lead to blindness. A lack of Vitamin A is a major cause of blindness among children. Health experts estimate that 124 million children around the world do not eat enough foods with Vitamin A. Vitamin A is found in fish liv
12、er oil and in the yellow part of eggs. Vegetables such as carrots and sweet potatoes contain beta carotene, a substance that the body changes into Vitamin A. Public health campaigns to provide Vitamin A to those who need it have proved costly. And they are not always effective. That has led research
13、ers to try to create foods with the vitamin. Rice is one of the most common crops grown worldwide. However, normal rice lacks Vitamin A. Researchers at a laboratory in Switzerland found a way to change the genetic material of rice. They added three genes to the rice. The genes produce beta carotene,
14、 the chemical that our bodies change into Vitamin A. The new rice has a golden yellow color. The researchers say 200 grams of the rice have enough beta carotene to provide the necessary amount of Vitamin A. Biologist Mary Lou Guerinot of Dartmouth College wrote a commentary published with the report
15、 in science magazine. She said the rice is an excellent example of the good things that can be done with genetic engineering. However, critics of genetic engineering argue that changing plant genes could increase risks to human health or the environment. 16 With Vitamin A people wont get any disease
16、s. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Vitamin B is necessary for peoples health. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Vitamin A can be found in fish and eggs. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Normally rice contains Vitamin （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 Geneti
17、c engineering is absolutely good for human. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 According to the passage, genetic engineering is a new way to help people keep healthy. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 The more Vitamin A we have, the more healthy we will be. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （
18、 C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 English and English Community 1. There is no doubt that English is a useful language. The people who speak English today make up the largest speech
19、 community in the world with the exception of speakers of Chinese. 2. A speech community is similar to other kinds of communities. The people who make up the community share a common language. Often they live side by side, as they do in a neighborhood (街坊 ), a village, or a city. More often they for
20、m a whole country. National boundaries, however, are not always the same as the boundaries of a speech community. A speech community is any group of people who speak the same language no matter where they happen to live. 3. We may say that anyone who speaks English belongs to the English speech comm
21、unity. For convenience (方便 ), we may divide the speakers into two groups: one in which the speakers use English as their native language, the other in which the speakers learn English as a second language for the purpose of education, commerce, and so on. 4. Learning a second language extends ones v
22、ision and expands the mind. The history and literature of a second language record the real and fictional (虚构的 ) lives of people and their culture; a knowledge of them adds to our ability to understand and to feel as they feel. Learning English as a second language provides another means of communic
23、ation through which the window of the entire English speech community becomes a part of our heritage. 23 A Threat Posed by English B Definition of a Speech Community C Benefits of Learning a Second Language D Advantages of Learning Chinese E Two Groups of the English Speech Community F A Widely Used
24、 Language 23 Paragraph 1 _. 24 Paragraph 2 _. 25 Paragraph 3 _. 26 Paragraph 4 _. 27 A a second language B the same language C the same speech community D any other language E national boundaries F a part of ones heritage 27 Overall there are more speakers of Chinese than of _. 28 The boundaries of
25、a speech community may be different from _. 29 People who live in different places may belong to _. 30 Many people learn English as _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 What Is Death? People in the past did not question the difference between life and death. They
26、 could see that a person died when his heart stopped beating. People have learned, however, that the body does not die immediately when the heart stops beating. They discovered that we remain alive as long as our brain remains active. Today the difference between life and death is not as easy to see
27、 as in the past. Modern medical devices can keep the heart beating and the lungs breathing long after the brain stops. But is this life? This question has caused much debate among citizens in the United States. Many of them want a law that says a person is dead when the brain dies. A person should b
28、e considered dead when brain waves stop even if machines can keep the body alive. Such a law would permit doctors to speed removal (切除 ) of undiseased (没病的 ) organs for transplant (移植 ) operations. The brain is made of thousands of millions of nerve cells. These cells send and receive millions of ch
29、emical and electrical messages every day. in this way the brain controls the other body activities. Nerve-cell experts say it usually is easy to tell when the brain has died, They put small electrodes (电极 ) on a persons skull (头骨 ) to measure the electrical signals that pass in and out of the brain.
30、 These brain waves are recorded on a television screen or on paper. The waves move up and down every time the brain receives messages from the nerve ceils. The brain is dead when the waves stop moving. Although there are people who oppose the idea of a law on brain block for various reasons, the ide
31、a of brain wave activity as a test of death is slowly being accepted. 31 People in the past held that the difference between life and death （ A） did not exist. （ B） was easy to tell. （ C） lay in the brain. （ D） was open to debate. 32 Which of the following is NOT a phenomenon mentioned in the passag
32、e? （ A） The body may still be alive after the heart and the brain have stopped working. （ B） The heart may keep beating after the brain has died. （ C） The brain may still be active after the heart has stopped beating. （ D） The lung may keep breathing after the brain has died. 33 When a person should
33、 be considered dead is currently a matter （ A） which few people in the US care much about. （ B） which has caused heated argument in the US. （ C） which only doctors can settle. （ D） which has already been settled. 34 The brain controls the other body activities through （ A） medical devices. （ B） smal
34、l electrodes. （ C） the nerve cells. （ D） the brain waves. 35 More and more people are beginning to accept the idea that a person is dead （ A） when the heart stops beating. （ B） when the brain becomes less active. （ C） when the brain stops working. （ D） when doctors stop medical treatment. 36 New Foo
35、ds and the New World In the last 500 years, nothing about people-not their clothes, ideas, or languages-has changed as much as what they eat. The original chocolate drink was made from the seeds of the cocoa tree (可可树 ) by South American Indians. The Spanish introduced it to the rest of the world du
36、ring the 1500s. And although it was very expensive, it quickly became fashionable. In London, shops where chocolate drinks were served became important meeting places. Some still exist today. The potato is also from the New World. Around 1600, the Spanish brought it from Peru to Europe, where it soo
37、n was widely grown. Ireland became so dependent on it that thousands of Irish people starved when the crop failed during the “Potato Famine (饥荒 )“ of 1845-1846, and thousands more were forced to leave their homeland and move to America. There are many other foods that have traveled from South Americ
38、a to the Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the
39、 1400s. According to an Arabic legend, coffee was discovered when a person named Kaldi noticed that his goats were attracted to the red berries on a coffee bush. He tried one and experienced the “wide-awake“ feeling that one-third of the worlds population now starts the day with. 36 According to the
40、 passage, which of the following has changed the most in the last 500 years? （ A） Food. （ B） Clothing. （ C） Ideology. （ D） Language. 37 “Some“ in the last sentence of the first paragraph refers to （ A） some cocoa trees. （ B） some chocolate drinks. （ C） some shops. （ D） some South American Indians. 3
41、8 Thousands of Irish people starved during the “Potato Famine“ because （ A） they were so dependent on potatoes that they refused to eat anything else. （ B） they were forced to leave their homeland and move to America. （ C） the weather conditions in Ireland were not suitable for growing potatoes. （ D
42、） the potato harvest was bad. 39 Which country is the largest coffee producer? （ A） Brazil. （ B） Colombia. （ C） Ethiopia. （ D） Egypt. 40 Which of the following statements is NOT true, according to the passage? （ A） One third of the worlds population drinks coffee. （ B） Coffee is native to Colombia.
43、（ C） Coffee can keep one awake. （ D） Coffee drinks were first made by Arabs. 41 Giving Up Smoking A number of devices are available to help a person quit smoking. Nicotine (尼古丁 ) patches are small, nicotine-containing adhesive (粘着性的 ) discs applied to the skin. The nicotine is slowly absorbed throug
44、h the skin and enters the bloodstream (血流 ). Over time, the nicotine dose is reduced and eventually the desire for nicotine is eased. Nicotine gum (口香糖 ) works in a similar manner, providing small doses of nicotine when chewed (咀嚼 ). The benefits of giving up smoking include the immediate reduction
45、of harm to the health of the smoker and easier admission to social activities and institutions that ban smoking. In a 1988 report, the U.S. Surgeon General declared cigarette smoking to be more harmful and expensive than the use of cocaine (可卡因 ), alcohol, or heroin. Recent evidence supports this cl
46、aim. The United States government has collected a special tax on cigarettes for several decades. The rate rose from 8 cents per pack of 20 cigarettes in 1951 to 24 cents per pack in 1993. In other developed countries, the cigarette tax rate is much higher, ranging from 50 percent in Switzerland to 8
47、5 percent in Denmark. In the United States, the first direct action to check smoking was the regulation of a warning on cigarette packages by the Federal Trade Commission. This warning took effect in 1964 and was strengthened in 1969 to read: “Warning: The Surgeon General Has Determined That Cigaret
48、te Smoking Is Dangerous to Your Health.“ In 1971 all cigarette advertising was banned from radio and television, and cities and states passed laws requiring nonsmoking sections in public places and workplaces. 41 Which of the following can help a person quit smoking? （ A） Reading cigarette advertise
49、ments. （ B） Using nicotine patches. （ C） Chewing ordinary gum. （ D） Participating in social activities. 42 Nicotine gum is used to help a smoker （ A） reduce weight. （ B） stop smoking. （ C） clean his teeth. （ D） absorb nicotine immediately. 43 The benefits of giving up smoking include all the following EXCEPT （ A） the formation of a good habit. （ B） the reduction of expenses. （ C） the reduction of harm to ones health. （ D） easier access to institutions that ban smoking. 44 Which of the followi
