1、职称英语（卫生类） C级模拟试卷 38及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 The government is debating the education laws. （ A） discussing （ B） defeating （ C） delaying （ D） declining 2 They had a far better yield than any other farm miles away around this year. （ A） g
2、oods （ B） soil （ C） climate （ D） harvest 3 The city has decided to do away with all the old buildings in its center. （ A） get rid of （ B） set up （ C） repair （ D） paint 4 During the past ten years there have been dramatic changes in the international situation. （ A） permanent （ B） powerful （ C） strik
3、ing （ D） practical 5 The price of vegetables fluctuates according to the weather. （ A） jumps. （ B） rises （ C） falls. （ D） changes 6 15 I expect that she will be able to cater for your particular needs. （ A） supply. （ B） reach. （ C） provide. （ D） meet 7 Her mood can be gauged by her reaction to the m
4、ost trivial of incidents （ A） displayed. （ B） shown. （ C） proved. （ D） assessed. 8 Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs. （ A） abuse （ B） flavor （ C） temptation （ D） consumption 9 These programmes are of immense value to old people. （ A） natural （ B） fatal （ C） tiny （ D） enormous 10 A great deal has
5、 been done to remedy the situation. （ A） maintain （ B） improve （ C） assess （ D） protect 11 About one quarter of the workers in the country are employed in factories. （ A） third （ B） fourth （ C） tenth （ D） fifteenth 12 Relief workers were shocked by what they saw. （ A） moved （ B） touched （ C） surpris
6、ed （ D） worried 13 The weather is a constant subject of conversation in Britain. . （ A） question （ B） problem （ C） title （ D） topic 14 This is not typical of English, but is a feature of the Chinese language. （ A） particular （ B） characteristic （ C） remarkable （ D） idiomatic 15 It is virtually impos
7、sible to persuade him to apply for the job. （ A） simply （ B） almost （ C） totally （ D） completely 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请 选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 15 Continuing Medical Education There is increasing recognition of the need for
8、 health workers to continue their education throughout their careers. Not only do health workers themselves wish to improve their own skills and competence, hut the introduction of new techniques and equipment and the changes taking place in health needs and health care policies necessitate continue
9、d training. The phrase “health care“ is intended to mean not just curative treatment for the sick hut the whole range of provision for promoting health and preventing disease. In virtually every situation some response to this need has been made, so continuing education does take place even though i
10、t may in many instances be ineffective or insufficient. Continuing education may be initiated by the health workers themselves, by their supervisors, by the managers of the health system, or by other agencies such as professional associations, publishers, and drug companies. The form of the continui
11、ng education may be written materials(journals, books, advertisements), meetings, courses, supervisory visits, or a variety of other methods. With this diversity of approach it is not surprising that the effectiveness of the continuing education should be variable. So it is natural that in many coun
12、tries there is a concern that more continuing education should be provided and that it should be more effective. The approach suggested that to achieve this aim is to develop a “system“ of continuing education. This term needs some explanation as it is capable of being interpreted in many ways. A sy
13、stem is not the same thing as an organization that provides continuing education. It is much more than that. It is the sum of the educational activities, the organizational structure that supports and manages those activities, the management, and the external agencies involved in the provision of he
14、alth care. The system should comprise a nationwide coordinated program in which technology and resources are optimally used. 16 Health workers themselves are aware of the importance of continued training. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Health needs and health care policies always remain
15、 constant. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 The phrase “health care“ means more than curative treatment for the sick. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Continuing medical education is particularly ineffective in developing countries. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 W
16、ritten materials constitute the best form of continuing medical education. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 More effective continuing medical education is called for in many countries. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 A “system“ of continuing education functions in the same way
17、 as an organization that provides continuing education. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 22 Earthquake 1. Every year earthquakes are responsible for a large num
18、ber of deaths and a vast amount of destruction in various parts of the world. Most of these damaging earthquakes occur either in a narrow belt which surrounds the Pacific Ocean or in a line which extends from Burma to the Alps in Europe. Some of the destruction is directly caused by the quake itself
19、. An example of this is the collapse of buildings as a result of the quake itself. Other damage results from landslides or major fires which are initiated by the quake. 2. These are about a million quakes a year. Fortunately, however, not all of them are destructive. The intensity of an earthquake i
20、s measured on the Richter Scale, which goes from upward. The highest scale recorded to date is 8. 9. major damage generally occurs from quakes ranging upward from 6. 0. 3. The actual cause of the quake itself is the breaking of rocks at or below the earths surface. This is produced by pressure which
21、 scientists believe may be due to a number of reasons, two of which are the expansion and contraction of the earths crust and continental drift. 4. In order to limit the damage and to prevent some of the suffering resulting from earthquakes, scientists are working on ways to enable accurate predicti
22、on. Special instruments are used to help people record, for example, shaking of the earth. Scientists are trying to find methods that will enable them to indicate the exact time, location and size of an earthquake. 5. Certain phenomena have been observed which are believed to be the signs of imminen
23、t earthquakes. These include strange behaviors of some animals, the changes in the content of mineral water, etc. The magnetic properties of rocks may also display special pattern before earthquakes happen. A. Earthquakes forecast B. Historical records of earthquakes C. Intensities of earthquakes D.
24、 Cause of earthquakes E. Indications of earthquakes F. Damaging earthquakes 23 Paragraph 2 _ 24 Paragraph 3 _ 25 Paragraph 4 _ 26 Paragraph 5 _ 26 A. the quake itself B. accurate prediction C. damage of property and loss of lives D. a possible earthquake E. the unusual behaviors of some animals F. t
25、he strong behaviors of human beings 27 Not all damage during an earthquake is caused by_. 28 Not all earthquakes are strong enough to cause_. 29 Scientists have been working hard to warn people of_. 30 Earthquakes can be predicted by observing_. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容
26、，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 30 Sleep Lets Brain File Memories To sleep. Perchance to file? Findings published online this week by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences further support the theory that the brain organizes and stows memories formed during the day while the rest of the body is catching
27、zzzs. Gyorgy Buzsaki of Rutgers University and his colleagues analyzed the brain waves of sleeping rats and mice. Specifically, they examined the electrical activity emanating from the somatosensory neocortex(an area that processes sensory information)and the hippocampus, which is a center for learn
28、ing and memory. The scientists found that oscillations in brain waves from the two regions appear to be intertwined. So-called sleep spindles(bursts of activity from the neocortex)were followed tens of milliseconds later by beats in the hippocampus known as ripples. The team posits that this interpl
29、ay between the two brain regions is a key step in memory consolidation. A second study, also published online this week by the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, links age-associated memory decline to high glucose levels. Previous research had shown that individuals with diabetes suffe
30、r from increased memory problems. In the new work, Antonio Convit of New York University School of Medicine and his collaborators studied 30 people whose average age was 69 to investigate whether sugar levels, which tend to increase with age, affect memory in healthy people as well. The scientists a
31、dministered recall tests, brain scans and glucose tolerance tests, which measure how quickly sugar is absorbed from the blood by the bodys tissues. Subjects with the poorest memory recollection, the team discovered, also displayed the poorest glucose tolerance. In addition, their brain scans showed
32、more hippocampus shrinkage than those of subjects better able to absorb blood sugar. “Our study suggests that this impairment may contribute to the memory deficits that occur as people age.“ Convit says. “And it raises the intriguing possibility that improving glucose tolerance could reverse some ag
33、e-associated problems in cognition. “ Exercise and weight control can help keep glucose levels in check, so there may be one more reason to go to the gym. 31 Which of the following statements is nearest in meaning to the sentence “To sleep. Perchance to file?“? （ A） Does brain remember files after o
34、ne falls asleep? （ B） Does brain arrange memories in useful order during sleep? （ C） Does brain have memories when one is sleeping? （ D） Does brain work on files in sleep? 32 What is the result of the experiment with rats and mice carried out at Rutgers University? （ A） Somatosensory neocortex and h
35、ippocampus work together in memory consolidation. （ B） Somatosensory neocortex plays it primary role in memory consolidation. （ C） The electrical activity is emanating from the somatosensory neocortex. （ D） Oscillations in brain waves are from hippocampus. 33 What is the relation of memory to glucos
36、e tolerance, as is indicated by a research mentioned in paragraph 3? （ A） People with good memory have low glucose tolerance. （ B） People with poor memory have high glucose tolerance. （ C） Memory level has nothing to do with glucose tolerance. （ D） The poorer the memory, the poorer glucose tolerance
37、. 34 In what way is memory related to hippocampus shrinkage? （ A） The less hippocampus shrinks, the poorer ones memory. （ B） There is no relation between memory and hippocampus shrinkage. （ C） The more hippocampus shrinks, the better ones memory. （ D） The more hippocampus shrinks, the poorer ones me
38、mory. 35 According to the last paragraph, what is the ultimate reason for going to the gym? （ A） To control glucose levels. （ B） To exercise. （ C） To control weight, （ D） To prevent hippocampus shrinkage. 35 U. S. to Start $ 3. 2 Billion Child Health Study in January A study that will cost $ 3. 2 bi
39、llion and last more than two decades to track the health of 100, 000 U. S. children from before birth to age 21 will be launched in January, U. S. health officials said on Friday. Officials from the U. S. governments National Institutes of Health said they hope the study, to be conducted at 105 loca
40、tions throughout the United States, can help identify early-life influences that affect later development, with the goal of learning new ways to treat or prevent illness. The study will examine hereditary and environmental factors such as exposure to certain chemicals that affect health. Researchers
41、 will collect genetic and biological samples from people in the study as well as samples from the homes of the women and their babies including air, water, dust and materials used to construct their residences, the NIH said. Officials said more than $200 million has been spent already and the study
42、is projected to cost $3.2 billion. “We anticipate that in the long term, what we learn from the study will result in a significant savings in the nations health care costs, “ Dr. Duane Alexander, who heads the NIHs Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, told
43、 reporters. The study will begin in January when the University of North Carolina and the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York start signing up pregnant women whose babies will then be followed to age 21. Some of the early findings will be about factors behind pre-term birth, which has become
44、more common in recent years, according to Dr. Peter Scheidt of the NIH, who heads the study. The people taking part will be from rural, urban and suburban areas, from all income and educational levels and from all racial groups, the NIH said. 36 The aim of the study is to find new ways to_. （ A） con
45、duct research （ B） track public health （ C） prevent or treat illness （ D） speed up development 37 Researchers will collect all the following EXCEPT_. （ A） genetic samples from people in the study （ B） biological samples from people in the study （ C） samples from the homes of the women and their babi
46、es （ D） samples of air and water from hospitals 38 It is expected that through the study the nations health care costs_. （ A） will be lowered in the long run （ B） will be significantly increased （ C） will be more than $ 200 million （ D） will reach $ 3. 2 billion 39 The babies of the participants wil
47、l be followed_. （ A） throughout their lives （ B） for more than two decades （ C） from birth to 21 months （ D） until they get married 40 Which is NOT true of the people in the study? （ A） Theyll be from various areas. （ B） Theyll be from all income levels. （ C） Theyll be from all educational levels. （
48、 D） Theyll be from all age groups. 40 Some Things We Know about Language Many things about language are a mystery, and many will always remain so. But some things we do know. First, we know that all human beings have a language of some sort. There is no race of men anywhere on earth so backward that
49、 it has no language, no set of speech sounds by which the people communicate with one mother. Furthermore, in historical times, there has never been a race of men without a language. Second, there is no such thing as a primitive language. There are many people whose cultures are undeveloped, who are, as we say, uncivilized, but the languages they speak are not primitive. In all known languages we can see complexities that must have been tens of thousands of year
