1、职称英语（理工类） B级模拟试卷 6及答案与解析 一、 词汇选项 (第 1-15题，每题 1分，共 15分 ) 下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语在括号中，请为每处括号部分的词汇或短语确定1个意义最为接近选项。 1 It is obvious that he will win the game. （ A） likely （ B） possible （ C） clear （ D） strange 2 There is no risk to public health. （ A） point （ B） danger （ C） chance （ D） hope 3 Did anyone call me
2、 when I was out? （ A） invite （ B） name （ C） answer （ D） phone 4 It took us a long time to mend the house. （ A） build （ B） destroy （ C） design （ D） repair 5 I dont quite follow what she is saying. （ A） believe （ B） understand （ C） explain （ D） accept 6 We can no longer put up with his actions. （ A） b
3、ear （ B） accept （ C） support （ D） oppose 7 Loud noises can be irritatinq. （ A） confusing （ B） interesting （ C） stimulating （ D） annoying 8 That player is eternally arguing with the referee. （ A） desperately （ B） constantly （ C） eventually （ D） extensively 9 The governor gave a rather vague outline o
4、f his tax plan. （ A） unclear （ B） firm （ C） short （ D） neat 10 Gambling is lawful in Nevada. （ A） popular （ B） booming （ C） legal （ D） profitable 11 These are their motives for doing it. （ A） reasons （ B） excuses （ C） answers （ D） plans 12 The river widens considerably as it begins to turn west. （ A
5、） twists （ B） stretches （ C） broadens （ D） bends 13 Henry cannot resist the lure of drugs. （ A） abuse （ B） flavor （ C） temptation （ D） consumption 14 These programmes are of immense value to old people. （ A） natural （ B） fatal （ C） tiny （ D） enormous 15 A great deal has been done to remedy the situa
6、tion. （ A） maintain （ B） improve （ C） assess （ D） protect 二、 阅读判断 (第 16-22题，每题 1分，共 7分 ) 下面的短文后列出了 7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择 B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择 C。 16 Mother Nature Shows Her Strength Tornadoes (龙卷风 ) and heavy thunderstorms moved across the Great Lakes and into Trum
7、bull County on Saturday evening. The storms were dramatic and dangerous. George Snyder was driving the fire truck down Route 88 when he first noticed that a funnel (漏斗状的 ) cloud was behind him. “I stopped the truck and watched the funnel cloud. It was about 100 feet off the ground and I saw it go up
8、 and down for a while. It was moving toward Bradley Road and then suddenly it disappeared,“ Snyder said. Snyder only saw one of the funnel clouds that passed through northeastern Ohio on Saturday. In Trumbull County, a tornado turned trees onto their sides. Some trees fell onto houses and cars. Othe
9、r trees fell into telephone and electrical wires as they went down. Amanda Symcheck was having a party when the storm began. “1 knew something was wrong,“ she said. “I saw the sky go green and pink (粉红色 ). Then it sounded like a train rushing toward the house. I started crying and told everyone to g
10、o to the basement for protection.“ The tornado caused a lot of damage to cars and houses in the area. It will take a long time and much money to repair everything. There was also serious water damage from the thunderstorms. The heavy rains and high wind caused the power to go out in many homes. The
11、storms caused serious flooding in areas near the river. More than four inches of rain fell in parts of Trumbull County. The river was so high that the water ran into streets and houses. Many streets had to be closed to cars and trucks because of the high water. This made it difficult for fire trucks
12、, police cars, and other rescue vehicles to help people who were in trouble. Many people who live near the river had to leave their homes for their own safety. Some people reported five feet of water in their homes. Local and state officials opened emergency shelters for the people who were evacuate
13、d (撤走 ). The Red Cross served meals to them. “This was a really intense storm,“ said Snyder. “People were afraid. Mother Nature can be fierce. We were lucky this time. No one was killed.“ 16 The weather was nice in Trumbull County on Saturday evening. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 17 Geor
14、ge Snyder was a firefighter. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 18 Amanda Symcheck was having a party in the basement when the storm began. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 19 Power supply system was not damaged during the storm. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 20 There had no
15、t been such a severe storm in Trumbull County for a hundred years. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 21 Rescue vehicles had a hard time getting to people. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 22 Several people were missing during the storm. （ A） Right （ B） Wrong （ C） Not mentioned 三、 概括大意
16、与完成句子 (第 23-30题，每题 1分，共 8分 ) 下面的短文后有 2项测试任 务： (1)第 23-26题要求从所给的 6个选项中为第 2-5段每段选择一个最佳标题； (2)第 27-30题要求从所给的 6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。 23 Robots 1 The most sophisticated (先进的 ) Japanese-robots, which have vision systems and work at very high speeds, are still based on American designs. Studies of robots, par
17、ticularly computer control software, are considered to be generally less advanced in Japan than in America or Europe. 2 Although industrial robots were originally developed as devices for simply handling objects, today their commonest uses are for more skilled work like welding (焊接 ), spray-painting
18、 and assembling components. 3 In Britain, robot sales appropriately peaked in 1984, but have been declining ever since. This is partly because British wage rates are too low to make robots financially attractive and partly because engineers now have more experience with robots and are more aware of
19、the difficulties of introducing them effectively. 4 It has been calculated that a robot uses on average about 100 times more energy than a human to do an equivalent job. 5 It is estimated that 20% of all comic book heroes in Japan are robots. This is an enormous number because comics are so popular
20、that they make up a third of all material published in Japan. 6 The reliability of robots is measured in their MT. BF. or mean time between failures. This has risen from about 250 hours in the mid-1970s to about 10,000 hours today (equivalent to working 18 hours a day for two years). One way robot m
21、anufacturers have increased reliability is to test every single component they buy, instead of the normal procedure of just testing a small sample. 7 The biggest single benefit of introducing robots claimed by Japanese companies is that they increase quality control. Once programmed, the robots can
22、work more accurately and consistently than humans, who can get tired and bored. 23 A Ongoing Research B Extension of Use C Robot Heroes D Greater Reliability E Falling Demand F Hidden Danger 23 Paragraph 2 _. 24 Paragraph 3 _. 25 Paragraph 5 _. 26 Paragraph 6 _. 27 A too much energy B based on Ameri
23、can designs C they are too costly D they are not reliable E good to quality control F free of charge 27 Even the most sophisticated Japanese robots are _. 28 Robots are less popular in Britain today partly because _. 29 One disadvantage of using robots is that they consume _. 30 It is claimed that i
24、ntroducing robots is _. 四、 阅读理解 (第 31-45题，每题 3分，共 45分 ) 下面有 3篇短文后有 5道题。请根据短文内容，为每题选 1个最佳选项。 31 Recycling Around the World Recycling is one of the best environmental success stories of the late 20th century. But we could do more. People must not see recycling as fashionable, but essential. The Japane
25、se are very good at recycling because they live in a crowded country. They do not have much space. They do not want to share their limited space with rubbish. But even so, Tokyo area alone is estimated to have three million tons of leftover rubbish at present. In 1996, the United States recycled and
26、 composted (制成肥料 ) 57 million tons of waste (27% of the nations solid waste). This is 57 million tons of waste which did not go into landfills and incinerators (焚化炉 ). In doing this, 7,000 rubbish collection programmes and recycling centres helped the authorities. In Rockford, a city in Illinois, US
27、, its officials choose one house each week and check its garbage (废物 ). If the garbage does not contain any newspapers or aluminium (铝 ) cans, then the resident of the house gets a prize of at least 1,000. In Japan, certain cities give children weekly supplies of tissue paper and toilet paper in exc
28、hange for a weekly collection of newspapers. In one year Britain recycles: 1 out of every 3 newspapers. 1 out of every 4 glass bottles and jars (罐子 ). 1 out of every 4 items of clothing. 1 out of every 3 aluminium drink cans. In 1999, Hong Kong transported 1.3 million tons of waste to mainland China
29、 for recycling. Around 535,000 tons of waste were recycled in Hong Kong itself. Over half the things we throw away could be recycled. That means we could recycle 10 times as much as we do now. However, recycling needs a lot of organisation and special equipment. Also, there is not much use for some
30、recycled material. 31 Which of the following is NOT true of the Japanese? （ A） They have recycled all their waste. （ B） They live in a crowded country. （ C） They are very good at recycling. （ D） They have to share their limited space with rubbish. 32 How much waste did the US recycle in 1996? （ A） 1
31、.3 million tons. （ B） 27 million tons. （ C） 53 million tons. （ D） 57 million tons. 33 Where can people get a big prize for contributing to recycling? （ A） Tokyo. （ B） Rockford, （ C） Hong Kong. （ D） London. 34 In Japan, the newspapers collected by children （ A） are given to poor people. （ B） are used
32、 as reading materials. （ C） are recycled. （ D） are used as prizes. 35 Which of the following is NOT true of Britain? （ A） It recycles 1 out of every 3 newspapers each year. （ B） It recycles 1 out of every 4 glass bottles and jars each year. （ C） It recycles 1 out of every 4 items of clothing each ye
33、ar. （ D） It recycles 1 out of every 3 aluminium cans each year 36 Walking Robot Carries a Person The first walking robot capable of carrying a person unveiled on Friday in Tokyo, Japan. Its creators at Waseda University in Tokyo and the Japanese robotics company Tmsuk hope their two-legged creation
34、will one day enable wheel-chair users to climb up and down the stairs and assist the movement of heavy goods over uneven ground. The battery-powered robot, code-named WL-16, is essentially an aluminium chair mounted on two sets of telescopic poles. The poles are bolted to flat plates which act as fe
35、et. WL-16 uses 12 actuators (传动装置 ) to move forwards, backwards and sideways while carrying an adult weighing up to 60 kilograms (130 pounds). The robot can adjust its body and walk smoothly even if the person it is carrying shifts in the chair. At present it can only step up or down a few millimete
36、rs, but the team plans to make it capable of dealing with a normal flight of stairs. “I believe this bipedal (两足的 ) robot, which I prefer to call a two-legged walking chair rather than a wheel-chair, will eventually enable people to go up and down the stairs,“ said Atsuo Takanishi, from Waseda Unive
37、rsity. “We have had strong robots for some time but usually they have been manipulators, they have not been geared to carrying people around,“ says Ron Arkin, at the Georgia Institute of Technology and robotics consultant for Sony. “But I dont know how safe and how user-friendly WL-16 is.“ Tmsuk chi
38、ef executive Yoichi Takamoto argues that bipedal or multi-legged robots will be more useful than so-called “caterpillar (毛毛虫 ) models“ for moving over uneven ground. WL-16s normal walking step measures 30 centimetres, but it can stretch its legs to 136 cm apart. The prototype (原型 ) is currently radi
39、o-controlled, but the research team plans to equip it with a stick-like controller for the user in future. Takanishi said it will take “at least two years“ to develop the WL-16 prototype into a working model. Smaller, ground-hugging (紧贴地面行走的 ) robots have been developed to pass across tricky ground.
40、 One maggot-like (像蛆一样的 ) device uses a magnetic fluid to pulse its way along, while another snake-like robot uses smart software to devise new movement strategies if the landscape affects any one part. One ball-shaped robot even uses a leap-and-bounce approach to travel over rough territory. But no
41、ne of these are big or strong enough to carry a person too. 36 The robot presented to the public on Friday in Tokyo, Japan （ A） surprised visitors from Waseda University. （ B） can move up to 60 kilometres per hour. （ C） has two legs and is able to carry a person. （ D） can transport heavy goods over
42、uneven ground. 37 The researchers plan to make WL-16 capable of （ A） turning its head easily. （ B） moving up and down the stairs easily. （ C） using a telescope to find the way. （ D） carrying a person of over 60 kilograms. 38 What does Ron Arkin think of WL-16? （ A） He doesnt think it is useful. （ B）
43、 He thinks it is only a manipulator. （ C） He is unsure of its safety. （ D） He thinks it is user-friendly. 39 Which of the following is true of WL-16? （ A） It can only move forwards and backwards. （ B） It is a caterpillar model. （ C） It is equipped with a stick-like controller. （ D） It can walk with
44、a step of up to 136 cm. 40 Which type of robot is NOT mentioned in the last paragraph? （ A） Maggot-like robots. （ B） Snake-like robots. （ C） Chair-shaped robots. （ D） Ball-shaped robots. 41 Is the Tie a Necessity? Ties, or neckties, have been a symbol of politeness and elegance in Britain for centur
45、ies. But the casual Prime Minister Tony Blair has problems with them. Reports suggest that even the civil servants may stop wearing ties. So, are the famously formal British really going to abandon the neckties? Maybe. Last week, the UKs Cabinet Secretary Andrew Turnbull openly welcomed a tieless er
46、a. He hinted that civil servants would soon be free of the costliest 12 inches of fabric that most men ever buy in their lives. In fact, Blair showed this attitude when he had his first guests to a cocktail party. Many of them were celebrities (知名人士 ) without ties, which would have been unimaginable
47、 even in the recent past. For some more conservative British, the tie is a must for proper appearance. Earlier, Labor leader Jim Callaghan said he would have died rather than have his children seen in public without a tie. For people like Callaghan, the tie was a sign of being complete, of showing r
48、espect. Men were supposed to wear a tie when going to church, to work in the office, to a party - almost every social occasion. But today, people have begun to accept a casual style even for formal occasions. The origin of the tie is tricky. It started as something called simply a “band“. The term c
49、ould mean anything around a mans neck. It appeared in finer ways in the 1630s. Frenchmen showed a love of this particular fashion statement. Their neckwear (颈饰 ) impressed Charles , the king of England who was exiled (流放 ) to France at that time. When he returned to England in 1660, he brought this new fashion item along with him. It wasnt, however, until the late 18th century that fancy young men introduced a more colorful, flowing piece of cloth that eventually became known as the tie. Th
