1、阅读同步练习试卷 20及答案与解析 一、 Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on
2、the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center. 0 Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want to say it well, but he wants it to be something which has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and understand he wants to teach
3、them, and he wants them to learn from him. What visual artists, like painters, want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to explain, because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors, out of the count
4、less billions possible, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth showing to us. Without their work we should never have noticed these particular shapes and colors, or have felt the delight which they brought to the artist. Most artists take their shapes and colors from the world of nature and
5、 from human bodies in motion and repose (歇息 ,静止 )； their choices indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful sights. Contemporary artists might say that they merely choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. Y
6、et even they do not choose entirely without reference to the character of their subjects. If one painter chooses to paint a broken leg and another a lake in moonlight, each of them is directing our attention to a certain aspect of the world. Each painter is telling us something, showing us something
7、, emphasizing something all of which means that, consciously or unconsciously, he is trying to teach us. 1 According to the passage, an artist is always trying_. （ A） to interest the public in shapes and colors （ B） to create something difficult for us to understand （ C） to express something new to
8、us （ D） to make show of his unusual abilities 2 It is much more difficult to understand a painting than a novel because_. （ A） a painter only provides interesting patterns （ B） a painter is not good at expressing himself （ C） a painter is less experienced or educated than a writer （ D） a painter use
9、s shapes and colors instead of words 3 A painter carefully chooses certain shapes and colors as_. （ A） they express his feeling and experiences （ B） they carry messages to the public （ C） they can teach the public （ D） they can express feelings, messages and teach the public 4 Paintings of unpleasan
10、t objects and paintings of beauty are_. （ A） all trying to show us something （ B） of different art skills （ C） of different art styles （ D） of different acceptance to the public 5 It is implied, but not directly stated that_. （ A） paintings are nothing more than the arrangement of shapes and colors
11、（ B） painters are no good at writing （ C） we should look beyond shapes and colors to understand what the artist is driving at （ D） the public is more interested in writing than in painting 5 The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new law limits explorati
12、on to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems,
13、 and few people believe that Government will be able to hold things back for long. As one Norwegian politician said last week: “We will soon be changed beyond all recognition“. Ever since the law, the Government has been carrying out a program of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. D
14、uring the past few years this program has had a great deal of success; Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university, a large hospital and a healthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in
15、 ruins. The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north, however. With nearly 100 per cent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose most of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industries might
16、 even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad. The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities t
17、hat they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea. 6 The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to_. （ A） provide more jobs for for
18、eign workers （ B） slow down the rate of its development （ C） sell the oil it is producing abroad （ D） develop more quickly than at present 7 The Norwegian Government has tried to_. （ A） encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources （ B） prevent oil companies employing people from northern
19、Norway （ C） help the oil companies solve many of their problems （ D） keep the oil industry to something near its present size 8 According to the passage, the oil industry might lead in northern Norway to_. （ A） the development of industry （ B） a growth in population （ C） the failure of the developme
20、nt program （ D） the development of new towns 9 In the south, one effect of the development of the oil industry might be_. （ A） a large reduction in unemployment （ B） a growth in the tourist industry （ C） a reduction in the number of existing industries （ D） the development of a number of service ind
21、ustries 10 Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because_. （ A） they form such a large part of Norwegian society （ B） their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal （ C） their work is useful to the rest of Norwegian society （ D） they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegia
22、n way of life 10 Statuses are marvelous human inventions that enable us to get along with one another and to determine where we “fit“ in society. As we go about our everyday lives, we mentally attempt to place people in terms of their statuses. For example, we must judge whether the person in the li
23、brary is a reader or a librarian, whether the telephone caller is a friend or a salesman, whether the unfamiliar person on our property is a thief or a meter reader, and so on. The statuses we assume often vary with the people we encounter, and change throughout life. Most of us can, at very high sp
24、eed, assume the statuses that various situations require. Much of social interaction consists of identifying and selecting among appropriate statuses and allowing other people to assume their statuses in relation to us. This means that we fit our actions to those of other people based on a constant
25、mental process of appraisal and interpretation. Although some of us find the task more difficult than others, most of us perform it rather effortlessly. A status has been compared to ready-made clothes. Within certain limits, the buyer can choose style and fabric. But an American is not free to choo
26、se the costume (服装 ) of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince. We must choose from among the clothing presented by our society. Furthermore, our choice is limited to a size that will fit, as well as by our pocketbook (钱 包 ). Having made a choice within these limits we can have certain alterati
27、ons made, but apart from minor adjustments, we tend to be limited to what the stores have on their racks. Statuses too come ready made, and the range of choice among them is limited. 11 In the first paragraph, the writer tells us that statuses can help us_. （ A） determine whether a person is fit for
28、 a certain job （ B） behave appropriately in relation to other people （ C） protect ourselves in unfamiliar situations （ D） make friends with other people 12 According to the writer, people often assume different statuses_. （ A） in order to identify themselves with others （ B） in order to better ident
29、ify others （ C） as their mental processes change （ D） as the situation changes 13 The word “appraisal“ (Line 5, Para. 2) most probably means_. （ A） involvement （ B） appreciation （ C） assessment （ D） presentation 14 In the last sentence of the second paragraph, the pronoun “it“ refers to_. （ A） fitti
30、ng our actions to those of other people appropriately （ B） identification of other peoples statuses （ C） selecting ones own statuses （ D） constant mental process 15 By saying that “an American is not free to choose the costume of a Chinese peasant or that of a Hindu prince“ (Lines 2 3, Para. 3), the
31、 writer means_. （ A） different people have different styles of clothes （ B） ready-made clothes may need alterations （ C） statuses come ready made just like clothes （ D） our choice of statuses is limited 15 A proven method for effective textbook reading is the SQ3R method developed by Francis Robinso
32、n. The first step is to survey (the S step) the chapter by reading the title, introduction, section headings, summary, and by studying any graphs, tables, illustrations or charts. The purpose of this step is to get an overview of the chapter so that you will know before you read what it will be abou
33、t. In the second step (the Q step), for each section you ask yourself questions such as “What do I already know about this topic?“ and “What do I want to know?“. In this step you also take the section heading and turn it into a question. This step gives you a purpose for reading the section. The thi
34、rd step (the first of the 3 Rs) is to read to find the answer to your questions. Then at the end of each section, before going on to the next section, you recite (the second of the 3 Rs) the answers to the questions that you formed in the question step. When you recite you should say the information
35、 you want to learn out loud in your own words. The fifth step is done after you have completed steps 2, 3 and 4 for each section. You review (the last of the 3 Rs) the entire chapter. The review is done much as the survey was in the first step. As you review, hold a mental conversation with yourself
36、 as you recite the information you selected as important to learn. The mental conversation could take the form of asking and answering the questions formed from the headings or reading the summary, which lists the main ideas in the chapter, and trying to fill in the details for each main idea. 16 Th
37、e passage implies that the SQ3R method_. （ A） needs to be proven （ B） leaves much to be desired （ C） turns out to be practicable （ D） cannot be used by every reader 17 The SQ3R method consists of_steps. （ A） three （ B） four （ C） five （ D） seven 18 According to the passage, the first step helps the r
38、eaders_. （ A） read the first several paragraphs （ B） scan the whole chapter （ C） study the graphs （ D） get the theme of the chapter 19 Which of the following is the fourth step? （ A） To question yourself. （ B） To read for information. （ C） To utter your answers. （ D） To draw a conclusion. 20 Which o
39、f the following statements is true? （ A） In the last step, you should remember all the information. （ B） When you finish the last step, you will get both the main idea and the details. （ C） The mental conversation involves answering the questions asked by the author. （ D） While you are holding a men
40、tal conversation you select the important information. 20 Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large. The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs. There can be little prospect of raising the sort
41、 of sums needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money on a permanent basis for long-term projects. So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in
42、 exchange for a share in future profits. This they do by issuing stocks and shares in the business through the Stock Exchange. By doing so they can put into circulation the savings of individuals and institutions, both at home and overseas. When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go
43、 to the company with whom he originally placed it. Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest (投资 ) his money. Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the Government or by local authorities. Without hospitals
44、, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not function. All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, requiring more money than is raised through taxes alone. The Government, local authorities, and nationalized indus
45、tries therefore frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to the Stock Exchange. There is hardly a man or woman in this country whose job or whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new deve
46、lopment. In one way or another this new money must come from the savings of the country. The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these savings can reach those who need finance. 21 Almost all companies involved in new production and development must_. （ A） rely on their own finan
47、cial resources （ B） persuade the banks to provide long-term finance （ C） borrow large sums of money from friendly people they know （ D） depend on the population as a whole for finance 22 The money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects is_. （ A） repaid to its original owners a
48、s soon as possible （ B） raised by the selling of shares in the companies （ C） exchanged for part ownership in the Stock Exchange （ D） invested in different companies on the Stock Exchange 23 When the savers want their money back, they_. （ A） ask another company to obtain their money for them （ B） lo
49、ok for other people to borrow money from （ C） put their shares in the company back on the market （ D） transfer their money to a more successful company 24 All the essential services on which we depend are_. （ A） run by the Government or our local authorities （ B） financed wholly by rates and taxes （ C） unable to provide for the needs of the population （ D） in constant need of financial support 25 The Stock Exchange makes it possible for the Government, local authoriti
