1、阅读理解模拟试卷 10及答案与解析 0 Internet Will Soon Close The Internet, perhaps the most important technological development of the past 30 years, succeeded unexpectedly. It started out in an experimental backwater, nurtured far from the mainstream. It was spawned with no business plan and with no CEO leading th
2、e charge. Instead, a group of researchers nerds, really had the very un-entre-preneurial idea to develop a set of free and open technical protocols to move data from one place to another. The PC, which I think of as a companion technology to the Internet, likewise groomed as the hobbyhorse of passio
3、nate nerds who (at least initially) shared their designs. Both the Internet and the PC were released unfinished, and because they were open technologies, businesses and inventors could use them as a springboard for innovation. New applications were deployed to use them without needing the permission
4、 of their vendors. This kind of openness isnt found in cars, fridges, TiVos or any other major technology. Its what helped the Internet and PC succeed over more boring, predictable counterparts proprietary networks like CompuServe and information appliances like dedicated smart word processors. Howe
5、ver, now that PCs and the Internet have become mainstream tools, theres rising pressure to turn them into the appliances they defeated: to close them, in some cases forbidding outside tinkering altogether, and in others allowing it only under closely monitored and controlled circumstances. The Inter
6、net and the PC as wellsprings of innovation are living on borrowed time. The new closed models that represent the likely future of consumer computing and networking are no minor tweaks. We face wholesale revision of the Internet and PC environment of the past several decades. The change is coming pa
7、rtly because of the need to address security problems peculiar to open technologies, and partly because businesses want more control over the experience that customers have with their products. The trend from open systems toward closed ones threatens the culture of serendipitous tinkering that has g
8、iven us the Web, instant messaging, peer-to-peer networking, Skype, Wikipedia and a host of other innovations, each of which emerged from left field. It will produce a concentrated set of new gatekeepers, with us and them prisoner to their limited business plans and to regulators who fear things tha
9、t are new and disruptive. 1 According to the text, which of the following is TRUE about the Internet? （ A） It was born as a result of a business plan. （ B） It was initially developed by enterpreneurs to make profits. （ C） It was born by accident as an open and free technique. （ D） It was born as a f
10、ininshing product at first. 2 The following are the adavantages of the open Internet EXCEPT that_. （ A） it contributes to innovation （ B） it can easily develop （ C） it makes big money for firms （ D） it offers much free information 3 The advantages of the closing Internet are_. （ A） protecting the ne
11、t safety （ B） being easily controlled and monitored （ C） collecting product information conveniently （ D） all of the above 4 The word “spawn“ (Line 5, Para. 1) most probably means_. （ A） sprung （ B） produced （ C） spelled （ D） spared 5 According to the text, which of the following is TRUE about the I
12、nternet? （ A） The Internet is becoming closed. （ B） The Internet is the source of originalyty. （ C） People cant live without the Internet. （ D） It is difficult to further develop the Internet. 5 Bring Up the Kids Happy Feeling Its no surprise that Jennifer Seniors insightful, provocative magazine co
13、ver story, “I Love My Children, I Hate My Life“ is arousing much chatter nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing is anything less than a completely fulfilling, life-enriching experience. Rather than concluding that children make parents either happy or miserable, Senior su
14、ggests we need to redefine happiness: instead of thinking of it as something that can be measured by moment-to-moment joy, we should consider being happy as a past-tense condition. Even though the day-to-day experience of raising kids can be soul-crushingly hard, Senior writes that “the very things
15、that in the moment dampen our moods can later be sources of intense gratification and delight.“ The magazine cover showing an attractive mother holding a cute baby is hardly the only Madonna-and-child image on newsstands this week. There are also stories about newly adoptive and newly single mom San
16、dra Bullock, as well as the usual “Jennifer Aniston is pregnant“ news. Practically every week features at least one celebrity mom, or mom-to-be, smiling on the newsstands. In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivale
17、nt to admitting you support kitten-killing? It doesnt seem quite fair, then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the chidless. Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldnt have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the
18、 single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives. Of course, the image of parenthood that celebrity magazines like US Weekly and People present is hugely unrealistic, especially when the parents are single mothers
19、like Bullock. According to several studies concluding that parents are less happy than childless couples, single parents are the least happy of all. No shock there, considering how much work it is to raise a kid without a partner to lean on; yet to hear Sandra and Britney tell it, raising a kid on t
20、heir “own“ (read: with round-the-clock help) is a piece of cake. Its hard to imagine that many people are dumb enough to want children just because Reese and Angelina make it look so glamorous : most adults understand that a baby is not a haircut. But its interesting to wonder if the images we see e
21、very week of stress-free, happiness-enhancing parenthood arent in some small, subconscious way contributing to our own dissatisfactions with the actual experiene, in the same way that a small part of us hoped getting “the Rachel“ might make us look just a little bit like Jennifer Aniston. 6 Jennifer
22、 Senior suggests in her article that raising a child can bring_. （ A） temporary delight （ B） enjoyment in progress （ C） happiness in retrospect （ D） lasting reward 7 We learn from Paragraph 2 that_. （ A） celebrity moms are a permanent source for gossip （ B） single mothers with babies deserve greater
23、 attention （ C） news about pregnant celebrities is entertaining （ D） having children is highly valued by the public 8 It is suggested in Paragraph 3 that childless folks_. （ A） are constantly exposed to criticism （ B） are largely ignored by the media （ C） fail to fulfill their social responsibilitie
24、s （ D） are less likely to be satisfied with their life 9 According to Paragraph 4, the message conveyed by celebrity magazines is_. （ A） soothing （ B） ambiguous （ C） compensatory （ D） misleading 10 Which of the following can be inferred from the last paragraph? （ A） Having children contributes littl
25、e to the glamour of celebrity moms. （ B） Celebrity moms have influenced our attitude towards child rearing. （ C） Having children intensifies our dissatisfaction with life. （ D） We sometimes neglect the happiness from child rearing. 10 The Crusading Campus Leader: Ruth Simmons There was a time when b
26、ig-league university presidents really mattered. The New York Times covered their every move. Presidents, the real ones, sought their counsel. For Woodrow Wilson and Dwight Eisenhower, being head of Princeton and Columbia, respectively, was a stepping-stone to the White House. Today, though, the job
27、 of college president is less and less removed from that of the Avon lady (except the house calls are made to the doorsteps of wealthy alumni). Ruth Simmons, the newly installed president of Brown University and the first African American to lead an Ivy League school, is a throwback to the crusading
28、 campus leaders of old. She doesnt merely marshal funds; she invests them in the great educational causes of our day. With the more than $ 300 million she raised as president of Smith College from 1995 to 2001, Simmons established an engineering program (the first at any womens school) and added sem
29、inars focused on public speaking to purge the ubiquitous “ likes“ and “urns“ from the campus idiom. At a meeting to discuss the future of Smiths math department, one professor timidly requested two more discussion sections for his course. Her response: “Dream bigger.“ Her own dream was born in a sha
30、recroppers shack in East Texas where there was no money for books or toys she and her 11 siblings each got an apple, an orange and 10 nuts for Christmas. Though she was called on her walk to school, entering the classroom, she says, “was like waking up. “ When Simmons won a scholarship to Dillard Un
31、iversity, her high school teachers took up a collection so shed have a coat. She went on to Harvard to earn a Ph. D. in Romance languages. Simmons has made diversity her No. 1 campus crusade. She nearly doubled the enrollment of black freshmen at Smith, largely by traveling to high schools in the na
32、tions poorest ZIP codes to recruit. Concerned with the lives of minority students once they arrive at school, she has fought to ease the racial standoffs that plague so many campuses. At Smith she turned down a request by students to have racespecific dorms. In 1993, while vice provost at Princeton,
33、 she wrote a now famous report recommending that the university establish an office of conflict resolution to defuse racial misunderstandings before they boiled over. Her first task at Brown will be to heal one such rupture last spring after the student paper published an incendiary ad by conservati
34、ve polemicist David Horowitz arguing that blacks economically benefited from slavery. “Theres no safe ground for anybody in race relations, but campuses, unlike any other institution in our society, provide the opportunity to cross racial lines,“ says Simmons. “And even if youre hurt, you cant walk
35、away. You have to walk over that line. “ 11 What does the author intend to illustrate with the example of Woodrow Wilson and Dwight Eisenhower? （ A） The president of the first-class university was really very important. （ B） The presidents gave them some good advice. （ C） The presidents of the unive
36、rsity could easily go to the white house. （ D） The presidents had more power and authority than Avon ladies. 12 What can we infer from the second paragraph? （ A） Simmons was an old crusading campus leader. （ B） Simmons wanted to expand her university. （ C） Simmons knew well about how to invest the m
37、oney. （ D） Simmons was a competent and ambitious president. 13 The fourth paragraph mainly talks about_. （ A） Simmons greatly sympathized the black people （ B） Simmons wanted to diversify her university （ C） Simmons made a great effort to solve the racial problems （ D） Simmons never neglect the raci
38、al problems 14 What does the author mean by the job of college president is less and less removed from that of the Avon lady (Line 9 10, Paragraph 1)? （ A） College president can get their position with the help of Avon lady. （ B） The jobs of college president and Avon lady are quite similar. （ C） Co
39、llege presidents got inspiration from the job of the Avon lady. （ D） The jobs of college presidents and the Avon lady should be separated. 15 Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? （ A） Simmons had successfully solved the racial problems. （ B） Simmons owed her success to her high scho
40、ol teachers. （ C） Simmons didnt I ike“ I ikes“ and “urns“ in campus idioms. （ D） Simmons asked her professor to be more ambitious and aggressive. 15 Thanksgiving Day and Turkey One Thanksgiving in my early 20s, I had a mountain of work to do and decided to take advantage of the long weekend by spend
41、ing it solo, forgoing the enormous feast I always made for friends and assorted stragglers. Instead, on the day itself, I cooked a pious lunch of poached trout, sauteed spinach, and a lone boiled potato. I got a lot accomplishedand it was definitely the only holiday during which I ever lost a pound
42、but I did not feel virtuous, I felt depressed. I missed my turkey. Worse, there were no leftovers. As it turns out, the pilgrims at Plymouth probably didnt have turkey either. Nor did they have the stuffing, rolls, potatoes, pumpkin pie, or cranberries that we now equate with the Thanksgiving table.
43、 We know for sure that in preparation for that first feast in 1621, Governor Bradford sent“four men fowling“ after wild geese and ducks. They may or may not have returned with a turkey or two as well, and possibly a swan, but they definitely augmented their bounty by great amounts of venison(Bradfor
44、d was presented with at least five deer), cod, clams, and lobster. It is unclear exactly when Thanksgiving became so inextricably bound with the turkey, but by 1941, when FDR. signed the law making the foust Thursday of November a federal holiday, lobster and clams and venison had long been gone fro
45、m the national menu. Six years later, reps of the National Turkey Federation presented President Truman with one live bird and two dressed ones on the White House lawn, a tradition that continues though Ill bet the birds given to President Obama will not be nearly as tasty as those enjoyed by the Tr
46、umans. Until about the middle of the last century, most of the turkeys eaten on Thanksgiving would have been what we now call “heritage breeds“, including the Standard Bronze, bourbon Red, White Holland, Naragansett, and Jersey Buff varieties. These turkeys are gorgeous, hardy creatures, developed i
47、n Europe and America over hundreds rich in flavor. Though they are the ancestors to the Broad-Breasted white, they bear little resemblance to that now ubiquitous bird in taste or texture. Today more than 99 percent of turkeys sold in America come from the roughly 270 million raised on factory farms
48、each year. These birds are bred to be so literally broad-breasted that by the time they are 8 weeks old, they are too fat to walk, much less procreate every Broad-Breasted White on the market is the product of artificial insemination. They are kept in giant barns, given antibiotics to prevent diseas
49、e, and fed constantly so that they reach maturity in almost half the time it takes a heritage turkey. 16 According to the first paragraph, the author passed the Thanksgiving with_. （ A） a great mood and appetite （ B） a self-made turkey meal （ C） one pound of weight lost （ D） lots of friends and strangers 17 It can be inferred from the passage that the first feast in 1621_. （ A） was held by the pilgrims at Plymouth （ B） four men were sent out for wild animals （ C） began
