1、考研英语模拟试卷 46及答案与解析 一、 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 1 Sometimes we have specific problems with our mother; sometimes, life with her can just be hard work. If there are difficulties in yo
2、ur (1)_, its best to deal with them, (2)_ remember that any (3)_ should be done (4)_ person or by letter. The telephone is not a good (5)_ because it is too easy (6)_ either side to (7)_ the conversation. Explain to her (8)_ you find difficult in your relationship and then (9)_ some new arrangements
3、 that you think would establish a (10)_ balance between you. Sometimes we hold (11)_ from establishing such boundaries because we are afraid that doing (12)_ implies we are (13)_ her. We need to remember that being (14)_ from our mother does not (15)_ mean that we no longer love her. If the conflict
4、 is (16)_ and you cannot find a way to (17)_ it, you might decide to give up your relationship with your mother for a while. Some of my patients had (18)_ “trial separations“. The (19)_ allowed things to simmer down, enabling (20)_. （ A） relationship （ B） emission （ C） emulation （ D） interpretation
5、（ A） and （ B） but （ C） thus （ D） or （ A） contradiction （ B） estimation （ C） confrontation （ D） immersion （ A） by （ B） for （ C） to （ D） in （ A） innovation （ B） manoeuvre （ C） medium （ D） synthesis （ A） on （ B） for （ C） off （ D） to （ A） formulate （ B） commence （ C） perceive （ D） terminate （ A） whether
6、 （ B） how （ C） what （ D） why （ A） propose （ B） perform （ C） remove （ D） outline （ A） distinctive （ B） turbulent （ C） spontaneous （ D） healthier （ A） back （ B） on （ C） off （ D） by （ A） it （ B） which （ C） what （ D） so （ A） mustering （ B） ejecting （ C） insulting （ D） retaliating （ A） harmonious （ B） wh
7、olesome （ C） malignant （ D） independent （ A） instantly （ B） reluctantly （ C） necessarily （ D） steadily （ A） moderate （ B） hereditary （ C） inevitable （ D） extreme （ A） shape （ B） resolve （ C） simulate （ D） grind （ A） successful （ B） compulsory （ C） miserable （ D） stationary （ A） blunder （ B） temptati
8、on （ C） break （ D） trait （ A） reconciliation （ B） rebellion （ C） recreation （ D） rehearse Part A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points) 21 September 11th 2001 drew the transatlantic alliance together; but the mood did not
9、 last, and over the five years since it has pulled ever further apart. A recent poll for the German Marshall Fund shows that 57% of Europeans regard American leadership in world affairs as “undesirable“. The Iraq war is mainly to blame. But there is another and more intractable reason for the growin
10、g division: God. Europeans worry that American foreign policy under George Bush is too influenced by religion. The “holy warriors“ who hijacked the planes on September 11th reintroduced God into international affairs in the most dramatic of ways. It seems that George Bush is replying in kind, encour
11、aging a clash of religions that could spell global catastrophe. Dominique Moisi, a special adviser at the French Institute for International Relations, argues that “the combination of religion and nationalism in America is frightening. We feel betrayed by God and by nationalism, which is why we are
12、building the European Union as a barrier to religious warfare“. Josef Braml, of the German Institute for International and Security Affairs, complains that in America “religious attitudes have more of an influence on political choices than in any other western democracy“. The notion that America is
13、too influenced by religion is not confined to the elites. Three in five French people and nearly as many Dutch think that Americans are too religious-and that religion skews what should be secular decisions. Europeans who think that America is “too religious“ are more inclined to anti-Americanism th
14、an their fellow countrymen. 38% of Britons have an unfavourable view of America, but that number rises to 50% among people who are wary of American religiosity. Is America engaged in a faith-based foreign policy? Religion certainly exerts a growing influence on its actions in the world, but in ways
15、more subtle and complicated than Europeans imagine. It is true that America is undergoing a religious revival. “Hot“ religions such as evangelical Protestantism and hardline Catholicism are growing rapidly while “cool“ mainline versions of Christianity are declining. It is also true that the Republi
16、can Party, is being reshaped by this revival. Self-identified evangelicals provided almost 40% of Mr. Bushes vote in 2004; if you add in other theological conservatives, such as Mormons and traditional Catholics, that number rises closer to 60%. All six top Republican leaders in the Senate have earn
17、ed 100K ratings from the Christian Coalition. It is also true that Mr. Bush frequently uses religious rhetoric when talking of foreign affairs. On September 12th he was at it again, telling a group of conservative journalists that he sees the war on terror as “a confrontation between good and evil“,
18、 and remarking, “It seems to me that theres a Third Awakening“ (in other words, an outbreak of Christian evangelical fervour, of the sort that has swept across America at least twice before). And Christian America overall is taking a bigger interest in foreign policy. New voices are being heard, suc
19、h as Sam Brownback, a conservative senator from Kansas who has led the fight against genocide in Darfur, and Rick Warren, the author of a bestseller called “The Purpose-Driven Life“, who is sending 2,000 missionaries to Rwanda. Finally, it is true that religious figures have done some pretty outrage
20、ous things. Pat Robertson called for the assassination of Hugo Chvez, the president of Venezuela. Lieutenant-General William “Jerry“ Boykin, deputy under-secretary of defence for intelligence, toured the country telling Christian groups that radical Muslims hate America “because were a Christian nat
21、ion and the enemy is a guy named Satan“. He often wore uniform. 21 The increasing transatlantic schism, according to the text, results from _. （ A） terrorist attacks （ B） American reliance on deity （ C） intractable reason （ D） multiple factors 22 The phrase “in kind“ in the last sentence of the seco
22、nd paragraph most probably denotes _. （ A） with something tender （ B） with kindness （ C） out of charity impulse （ D） with something similar 23 The view mentioned in the third paragraph at least prevail among _. （ A） the European Union （ B） the religious establishment （ C） the special adviser （ D） th
23、e elites 24 With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree? （ A） Americas foreign policy seems strongly influenced by religion. But that influence is much more complex than its critics suppose. （ B） In the world of good and evil American foreign policy is bound to be
24、 fruitless. （ C） The growing disparity which is created by God has been existing. But the gulf of the transatlantic alliance will be bridged. （ D） Religious figures have made some pretty outrageous things that could be compromised by means non-violent means. 25 The author evidences his own notion by
25、 advancing _. （ A） four facts （ B） far-fetched pretexts （ C） random hypothesis （ D） powerful preachers 26 It is no longer just dirty blue-collar jobs in manufacturing that are being sucked offshore but also white-collar service jobs, which used to be considered safe from foreign competition. Telecom
26、s charges have tumbled, allowing workers in far-flung locations to be connected cheaply to customers in the developed world. This has made it possible to offshore services that were once non-tradable. Morgan Stanleys Mr. Roach has been drawing attention to the fact that the “global labour arbitrage“
27、 is moving rapidly to the better kinds of jobs. It is no longer just basic data processing and call centres that are being outsourced to low-wage countries, but also software programming, medical diagnostics, engineering design, law, accounting, finance and business consulting. These can now be deli
28、vered electronically from anywhere in the world, exposing skilled white-collar workers to greater competition. The standard retort to such arguments is that outsourcing abroad is too small to matter much. So far fewer than lm American service-sector jobs have been lost to off-shoring. Forrester Rese
29、arch forecasts that by 2015 a total of 3.4m jobs in services will have moved abroad, but that is tiny compared with the 30m jobs destroyed and created in America every year. The trouble is that such studies allow only for the sorts of jobs that are already being off-shored, when in reality the propo
30、rtion of jobs that can be moved will rise as IT advances and education improves in emerging economies. Alan Blinder, an economist at Princeton University, believes that most economists are underestimating the disruptive effects of off-shoring, and that in future two to three times as many service jo
31、bs will be susceptible to off-shoring as in manufacturing. This would imply that at least 30% of all jobs might be at risk. In practice the number of jobs off-shored to China or India is likely to remain fairly modest. Even so, the mere threat that they could be shifted will depress wages. Moreover,
32、 says Mr. Blinder, education offers no protection. Highly skilled accountants, radiologists or computer programmers now have to compete with electronically delivered competition from abroad, whereas humble taxi drivers, janitors and crane operators remain safe from off-shoring. This may help to expl
33、ain why the real median wage of American graduates has fallen by 6% since 9000, a bigger decline than in average wages. In the 1980s and early 1990s, the pay gap between low-paid, low-skilled workers and high-paid, high-skilled Workers widened significantly. But since then, according to a study by D
34、avid Autor, Lawrence Katz and Melissa Kearney, in America, Britain and Germany workers at the bottom as well as at the top have done better than those in the middle-income group. Office cleaning cannot be done by workers in India. It is the easily standardised skilled jobs in the middle, such as acc
35、ounting, that are now being squeezed hardest. A study by Bradford Jensen and Lori Kletzer, at the Institute for International Economics in Washington D.C., confirms that workers in tradable services that are exposed to foreign competition tend to be more skilled than workers in non-tradable services
36、 and tradable manufacturing industries. 26 To offshore services that were once non-tradable results from _. （ A） the blue-collar job market （ B） the geographic location of the underdeveloped world （ C） the fierce competition among skilled workers （ D） the dive of telecoms fee 27 Which of the followi
37、ng statements is the typical reply concerning off-shoring? （ A） Service-sector has sustained a great loss. （ B） White-collar workers will not have a narrow escape. （ C） Most economists underestimated the effects of off-shoring. （ D） Outsourcing abroad has no significant impact. 28 According to the t
38、ext, Forrester Research Prediction might be different if _. （ A） outsourcing abroad is large enough to matter much （ B） the proportion of jobs that can be moved will rise （ C） more comprehensive factors are taken into account （ D） education improvement in emerging economies plays a role 29 The narra
39、tive of the text in the last three paragraphs concentrates on _. （ A） the standard retort to the arguments （ B） off-shoring and the resulting income （ C） the future off-shoring （ D） the counter-measures at hand 30 Which of the following could be the best title for the text? （ A） Business consulting.
40、 （ B） Blue-collar jobs. （ C） Non-tradable services. （ D） White-collar blues. 31 Few beyond Californias technology crowd recognise the name Larry Sonsini; none within its circle could fail to. For four decades he has been lawyer, adviser and friend to many prominent companies and investors. Some cons
41、ider him the most powerful person in Silicon Valley. Companies beg for his law firm to represent them. The 65-year-old chairman of Wilson Sonsini Goodrich and more recently, as outside counsel to Hewlett-Packard (HP), for initially defending the boards dubious investigative practices. WSG work by yo
42、unger artists such as Surendran Nair and Shibu Natesan beat estimates by more than 70%. Sothebys and Christies have auctions in New York next week, each with a Tyeb Mehta that is expected to fetch more than $1 million. The real question is tee fate of other works, including some by Mr. Souza with es
43、timates of up to $600,000. If they do well, it will demonstrate that there is strong demand and will pull up prices across the board. This looks like a market with a long way to run. 36 It can be inferred from the second paragraph that the recent rapid development of Indian modern art is closely ass
44、ociated with _. （ A） economic boom （ B） real estate （ C） electronic element （ D） international action 37 According to the second paragraph, the expensive art can be seen as an ideal means of _. （ A） triumph （ B） appreciation （ C） assessment （ D） investment 38 Which of the following is true according
45、 to the text? （ A） People attached importance to modern Indian art long before the end of 1980s. （ B） Rich Indians, particularly those living abroad, had a strong passion for modern Indian art for ages. （ C） Prices at the emerging market of modern art had been climbing and then declining. （ D） Rich
46、Indians did not show interest in modern Indian art until the end of the 1990s. 39 According to the text, the fortune of such works as Mr. Souzas can exert an influence on _. （ A） the creation of modern art （ B） production of younger artists （ C） the strong rejection of market policy （ D） the value o
47、f Indian modern art 40 The authors narrative in the text centers on _. （ A） the profits brought about by a pretty picture （ B） why Indian modern art is booming （ C） the Success of Indian software and “business-process outsourcing“ firms （ D） how wealthy Indians evaluate Indian modern art Part B (10
48、points) 41 You are going to read a list of headings and a text about unknown knowledge on AIDS. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A F for each numbered paragraph (41 45). The first paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you do not need to use. A. What
49、route does HIV take after it enters the body to destroy the immune system? B. How and when did the long-standing belief concerning AIDS and HIV crop up? C. What is the most effective anti-HIV therapy? D. How does HIV subvert the immune system? E. In the absence of a vaccine, how can HIV be stopped? F. Why does AIDS predispose infected persons to certain types of cancer and infections? In the 20 years since the first cases of AIDS were de
