1、Designation: C595/C595M 14Standard Specification forBlended Hydraulic Cements1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C595/C595M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in pa
2、rentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification pertains to blended hydraulic cementsfor b
3、oth general and special applications, using slag, pozzolan,limestone, or some combination of these, with portland cementor portland cement clinker or slag with lime.NOTE 1This specification prescribes ingredients and proportions, withsome performance requirements whereas Performance SpecificationC11
4、57 is a hydraulic cement specification in which performance criteriaalone govern the products and their acceptance.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsyste
5、m shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard. Values in SI units or inch-pound units shallbe obtained by measurement in SI units or inch-pound unitsor by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversionand Round
6、ing given in IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurementsmade in other units or SI units. Values are stated in only SIunits when inch-pound units are not used in practice.1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes,which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding those in
7、tables and figures) are not requirements ofthe standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C51 Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as usedby the Industry)C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C114 Test Methods f
8、or Chemical Analysis of HydraulicCementC150 Specification for Portland CementC151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of HydraulicCementC157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of HardenedHydraulic-Cement Mortar and ConcreteC183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing ofHydraulic CementC185
9、Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic CementMortarC186 Test Method for Heat of Hydration of HydraulicCementC187 Test Method for Amount of Water Required for Nor-mal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement PasteC188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic CementC191 Test Methods for Time of Setting of Hydrau
10、lic Cementby Vicat NeedleC204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement byAir-Permeability ApparatusC219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC226 Specification for Air-Entraining Additions for Use inthe Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic CementC227 Test Method for Potential Alkali React
11、ivity ofCement-Aggregate Combinations (Mortar-Bar Method)C311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash orNatural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement ConcreteC430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by the45-m (No. 325) SieveC465 Specification for Processing Additions for Use in theMan
12、ufacture of Hydraulic CementsC511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets,Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in theTesting of Hydraulic Cements and ConcretesC563 Test Method for Approximation of Optimum SO3inHydraulic Cement Using Compressive StrengthC688 Specification for Functional A
13、dditions for Use inHydraulic CementsC821 Specification for Lime for Use with PozzolansC1012 Test Method for Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate SolutionC1038 Test Method for Expansion of Hydraulic CementMortar Bars Stored in Water1This specification is under the jurisdicti
14、on of ASTM Committee C01 onCement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.10 on HydraulicCements for General Concrete Construction.Current edition approved May 1, 2014. Published July 2014. Originally approvedin 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C595/C595M13. DOI:10.1520/C
15、0595_C0595M-14.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
16、Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic CementE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSievesE350 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel,Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, andWr
17、ought IronE1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur,Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and CobaltAlloys by Various Combustion and Fusion TechniquesIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units (SI): the Modern Metric System2.2 CSA Standards:CSA A3004-D2
18、Determination of Total Organic Carbon inLimestone3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe terms used in this specification aredefined in Terminology C219, except for the following terms:3.1.1 binary blended cement, na blended hydraulic ce-ment consisting of portland cement with either a slag, apozzolan, or
19、a limestone.3.1.2 slag, nthe term slag is used within this standard todenote either slag cement or granulated blast-furnace slag.3.1.3 ternary blended cement, na blended hydraulic ce-ment consisting of portland cement with either a combinationof two different pozzolans, slag and a pozzolan, a pozzol
20、an anda limestone, or a slag and a limestone.NOTE 2Relevant terms in Terminology C219 applicable to thisstandard include portland cement, portland-cement clinker, hydrauliccement, slag cement, granulated blast-furnace slag, pozzolan, and calciumsulfate. Limestone is defined in Terminology C51.4. Cla
21、ssification4.1 This specification applies to the following types ofblended cement that generally are intended for use as indicated.4.1.1 Blended hydraulic cements for general concrete con-struction.4.1.1.1 Type ISPortland blast-furnace slag cement.4.1.1.2 Type IPPortland-pozzolan cement.4.1.1.3 Type
22、 ILPortland-limestone cement.4.1.1.4 Type ITTernary blended cement.4.2 Reporting:4.2.1 The naming practice for blended cements shall bemade by adding the suffix (X) to the type designation under4.1.1, where (X) equals the targeted percentage of slag,pozzolan or limestone, in the product expressed as
23、 a wholenumber by mass of the final blended product, within theallowable variation as stated in 15.3.4.2.2 The naming practice for ternary blended cements shallbe made by adding the suffixes (AX) and (BY) to the Type ITdesignation under 4.1.1, where:A is either “S” for slag, “P” for pozzolan, or“L”
24、for limestone,whichever is present in larger amount by mass, andX is the targeted percentage by mass of constituent A, andB is either “S” for slag, “P” for pozzolan, or“L” for limestone, andY is the targeted percentage by mass of constituent B.Both X and Y values are expressed as a whole number byma
25、ss of the final blended product, within the allowablevariation as stated in 15.3. If X and Y are the same, list the twoconstituents in alphabetical order by constituent type(limestone, pozzolan, or slag).NOTE 3Examples of the naming practice per 4.2.1 and 4.2.2 areshown below (all percentages by mas
26、s):Binary blended cement with 80 % portland cement and 20 % slag= Type IS(20).Binary blended cement with 85 % portland cement and 15 % pozzolan= Type IP(15).Binary blended cement with 90 % portland cement and 10 % limestone= Type IL(10).Ternary blended cement with 70 % portland cement, 20 % slagand
27、10 % pozzolan = Type IT(S20)(P10).Ternary blended cement with 65 % portland cement, 25 % of onepozzolan and 10 % of another pozzolan = Type IT(P25)(P10).Ternary blended cement with 60 % portland cement and 20 % ofslag and 20 % pozzolan = Type IT(P20)(S20).Ternary blended cement with 80 % portland ce
28、ment, 10 % limestoneand 10 % pozzolan = Type IT(L10)(P10).Ternary blended cement with 75 % portland cement, 15 % slagand 10 % limestone = Type IT(S15)(L10).4.2.3 A simplified naming practice is used in this standardfor practicality and clarity when referring to specific require-ments for binary and
29、ternary blended cements that are appli-cable to a range of products or in ternary blended cementswhen requirements are applicable to only one constituentwithin a specific range (%). (See Note 4.)TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsCement TypeAApplicableTest MethodIS(70),IT(PS70),IT(LS70)IS($70),IT(S$70)IP,
30、IT(P$S),IT(P$L)IL,IT(L$S),IT(L$P)Magnesium oxide (MgO), max, % C114 . . 6.0 .Sulfate reported as SO3, max, %BC114 3.0 4.0 4.0 3.0Sulfide reported as S2-, max, % C114 2.0 2.0 . .Insoluble residue, max, %CC114 1.0 1.0 . .Loss on ignition, max, % C114 3.0D4.0D5.0D10.0AThe chemical requirements in this
31、table are applicable to all air-entrained cement equivalents.BIt is permissible to exceed the values in the table for SO3content, provided it has been demonstrated by Test Method C1038 that the cement with the increased SO3will not develop expansion exceeding 0.020 % at 14 days. When the manufacture
32、r supplies cement under this provision, supporting data shall be supplied to the purchaser.See Note 9.CInsoluble residue maximum limit does not apply to ternary blended cements.DFor ternary blended cements with limestone, loss on ignition is a maximum of 10.0 % by mass.C595/C595M 142NOTE 4Examples o
33、f the simplified naming practices per 4.2.3 areshown below:1)An example when requirements are applicable to a range of productscan be found in Table 1, where the maximum SO3content of 3 % appliesto: binary blended cements with slag contents 70 %, indicated asIS(70); and ternary blended cements with
34、a pozzolan content less thanthe slag content and the slag content is less than 70 %, indicated asIT(PS70).2) An example when requirements are applicable to only one constitu-ent within a specific range (%) of that constituent can be found in 9.2,where testing is required only when the slag content i
35、s 25 %. Because therequirement is based on the slag content only with no relation to thepozzolan or limestone content, a simplified naming practice is employedand the range of ternary blended cements is indicated as Type IT(S25).4.3 Special Properties:4.3.1 Air-entraining cement, when desired by the
36、 purchaser,shall be specified by adding the suffix (A) to the typedesignation under 4.1.1.NOTE 5Agiven mass of blended cement has a larger absolute volumethan the same mass of portland cement. This should be taken intoconsideration in purchasing cements and in proportioning concrete mix-tures.4.3.2
37、Moderate heat of hydration, when desired by thepurchaser, shall be specified by adding the suffix (MH) to thetype designation under 4.1.1.4.3.3 Moderate sulfate resistance, when desired by thepurchaser, shall be specified by adding the suffix (MS) to thetype designation under 4.1.1.4.3.4 High sulfat
38、e resistance, when desired by thepurchaser, shall be specified by adding the suffix (HS) to thetype designation under 4.1.1.4.3.5 Low heat of hydration, when desired by the purchaser,shall be specified by adding the suffix (LH) to the typedesignation under 4.1.1.4.3.6 Resistance to alkali-silica rea
39、ctive aggregateexpansion, when desired by the purchaser, shall be specified byadding the suffix (R) to the type designation under 4.1.1.NOTE 6Special characteristics attributable to slag, pozzolan or lime-stone will vary based on quantities contained within the blended cements.Type IT cements with g
40、reater than 5 % limestone and Type ILcements arenot permitted as moderate (MS) or high (HS) sulfate resistance cements,pending results of further research.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for material under this specification shall includethe following:5.1.1 Specification number,5.1.2 Type or types
41、 required,5.1.2.1 Indicate allowable slag, pozzolan, or limestonemaximum or minimum percentage by mass, if required.5.1.3 Optional special properties required (see 4.3):5.1.3.1 MS if moderate sulfate resistance is required;5.1.3.2 HS if high sulfate resistance is required;5.1.3.3 MH if moderate heat
42、 of hydration is required;5.1.3.4 LH if low heat of hydration is required;5.1.3.5 R if resistance to alkali-silica reactive aggregateexpansion is required;5.1.3.6 A if air entraining is required;5.1.3.7 Accelerating addition, if required;5.1.3.8 Retarding addition, if required;5.1.3.9 Water reducing
43、 addition, if required;5.1.3.10 Water reducing and accelerating addition, if re-quired; and5.1.3.11 Water reducing and retarding addition, if required.5.1.4 Certification, if desired (see Section 15).NOTE 7It is important to check for availability of various options.Some multiple options are mutuall
44、y incompatible or unattainable.6. Materials6.1 Materials permitted to be used as ingredients in cementsmanufactured to comply with this specification are:6.1.1 Portland CementFor purposes of this specification,portland cement meeting the requirements of SpecificationC150 is suitable. Portland cement
45、 or other hydraulic materials,or both, containing high free lime are not prohibited from useas long as the autoclave test limits for the blended cement aremet.6.1.2 Portland Cement Clinker.6.1.3 SlagSlag shall comply with requirements in Section9.6.1.4 PozzolanPozzolan shall comply with requirements
46、in Section 9.6.1.5 LimestoneLimestone, as defined in TerminologyC51, shall be naturally occurring and comply with the require-ments indicated in 8.2.6.1.6 Hydrated LimeHydrated lime used as part of ablended cement shall meet the requirements of SpecificationC821, except that when interground in the
47、production processthere shall be no minimum fineness requirement.6.1.7 Air-Entraining AdditionWhen air-entraining cementis specified, an addition meeting the requirements of Specifi-cation C226 shall be used.6.1.8 When processing additions are used in the manufac-ture of cement, they shall have been
48、 shown to meet therequirements of Specification C465 in the amounts used orgreater, (see Section 15.2).6.1.9 When functional additions (used at the sole option ofthe purchaser) are used they shall have been shown to meet therequirements of Specification C688 when tested with thecement to be used, in
49、 the amount used or greater, (see Section15.2).6.1.10 Other AdditionsThe cement covered by this speci-fication shall contain no additions except as provided for aboveexcept that water or calcium sulfate (see Terminology C219),or both, if added, shall be in amounts so that the limits shownin Table 1 for sulfate reported as SO3and loss on ignition arenot exceeded.7. Manufacture7.1 Binary Blended CementBinary blended cement shallbe a hydraulic cement consisting of an intimate and uniformblend (see Note 8) produced either by intergrinding or blendingor by
