1、Designation: C595/C595M 14C595/C595M 15Standard Specification forBlended Hydraulic Cements1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C595/C595M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、 number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification pertains to blended hydraulic
3、 cements for both general and special applications, using slag, pozzolan,limestone, or some combination of these, with portland cement or portland cement clinker or slag with lime.NOTE 1This specification prescribes ingredients and proportions, with some performance requirements whereas Performance
4、Specification C1157 isa hydraulic cement specification in which performance criteria alone govern the products and their acceptance.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; th
5、erefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Values in SI units or inch-pound units shall be obtained bymeasurement in SI units or inch-pound units or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules fo
6、r Conversion and Rounding givenin IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurements made in other units or SI units. Values are stated in only SI units when inch-pound unitsare not used in practice.1.3 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes, which provide explanatory material. These notes and footno
7、tes(excluding those in tables and figures) are not requirements of the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C51 Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube Sp
8、ecimens)C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic CementC150 Specification for Portland CementC151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Hydraulic CementC157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of Hardened Hydraulic-Cement Mortar and ConcreteC183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of T
9、esting of Hydraulic CementC185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement MortarC186 Test Method for Heat of Hydration of Hydraulic CementC187 Test Method for Amount of Water Required for Normal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement PasteC188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic CementC191 Test Metho
10、ds for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement by Vicat NeedleC204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by Air-Permeability ApparatusC219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC226 Specification for Air-Entraining Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic CementC227 Tes
11、t Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of Cement-Aggregate Combinations (Mortar-Bar Method)C311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or Natural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement ConcreteC430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by the 45-m (No. 325) SieveC465 Specification for
12、Processing Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Hydraulic CementsC511 Specification for Mixing Rooms, Moist Cabinets, Moist Rooms, and Water Storage Tanks Used in the Testing of HydraulicCements and Concretes1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and is the
13、 direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.10 on Hydraulic Cements forGeneral Concrete Construction.Current edition approved May 1, 2014July 1, 2015. Published July 2014July 2015. Originally approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 20132014 asC595/C595MC595/C595M 14.13. DOI: 10.1520/C0595
14、_C0595M-14.10.1520/C0595_C0595M-15.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an AS
15、TM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In a
16、ll cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C563 Test Method for Approximation of Optimum SO3 in Hydraulic Cement Usin
17、g Compressive StrengthC688 Specification for Functional Additions for Use in Hydraulic CementsC821 Specification for Lime for Use with PozzolansC1012 Test Method for Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate SolutionC1038 Test Method for Expansion of Hydraulic Cement Mortar Bars
18、 Stored in WaterC1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic CementE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test SievesE350 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and WroughtIronE1019 Test Methods for Determination of
19、Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys byVarious Combustion and Fusion TechniquesIEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): the Modern Metric System2.2 CSA Standards:CSA A3004-D2 Determination of Total Organic Carbon in Limesto
20、ne3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe terms used in this specification are defined in Terminology C219, except for the following terms:3.1.1 binary blended cement, na blended hydraulic cement consisting of portland cement with either a slag, a pozzolan, ora limestone.3.1.2 slag, nthe term slag is used
21、within this standard to denote either slag cement or granulated blast-furnace slag.3.1.3 ternary blended cement, na blended hydraulic cement consisting of portland cement with either a combination of twodifferent pozzolans, slag and a pozzolan, a pozzolan and a limestone, or a slag and a limestone.N
22、OTE 2Relevant terms in Terminology C219 applicable to this standard include portland cement, portland-cement clinker, hydraulic cement, slagcement, granulated blast-furnace slag, pozzolan, and calcium sulfate. Limestone is defined in Terminology C51.4. Classification4.1 This specification applies to
23、 the following types of blended cement that generally are intended for use as indicated.4.1.1 Blended hydraulic cements for general concrete construction.4.1.1.1 Type ISPortland blast-furnace slag cement.4.1.1.2 Type IPPortland-pozzolan cement.4.1.1.3 Type ILPortland-limestone cement.4.1.1.4 Type IT
24、Ternary blended cement.4.2 Reporting:4.2.1 The naming practice for blended cements shall be made by adding the suffix (X) to the type designation under 4.1.1, where(X) equals the targeted percentage of slag, pozzolan or limestone, in the product expressed as a whole number by mass of the finalblende
25、d product, within the allowable variation as stated in 15.3.4.2.2 The naming practice for ternary blended cements shall be made by adding the suffixes (AX) and (BY) to the Type ITdesignation under 4.1.1, where:A is either “S” for slag, “P” for pozzolan, or“L” for limestone,whichever is present in la
26、rger amount by mass, andX is the targeted percentage by mass of constituent A, andB is either “S” for slag, “P” for pozzolan, or“L” for limestone, andY is the targeted percentage by mass of constituent B.Both X and Y values are expressed as a whole number by mass of the final blended product, within
27、 the allowable variation asstated in 15.3. If X and Y are the same, list the two constituents in alphabetical order by constituent type (limestone, pozzolan,or slag).NOTE 3Examples of the naming practice perin 4.2.1 andaccordance with 4.2.24.2.1 and 4.2.2 are shown below (all percentages by mass):Bi
28、nary blended cement with 80 % portland cement and 20 % slag= Type IS(20).Binary blended cement with 85 % portland cement and 15 % pozzolan= Type IP(15).Binary blended cement with 90 % portland cement and 10 % limestone= Type IL(10).Ternary blended cement with 70 % portland cement, 20 % slagand 10 %
29、pozzolan = Type IT(S20)(P10).Ternary blended cement with 65 % portland cement, 25 % of onepozzolan and 10 % of another pozzolan = Type IT(P25)(P10).C595/C595M 152Ternary blended cement with 60 % portland cement and 20 % ofslag and 20 % pozzolan = Type IT(P20)(S20).Ternary blended cement with 80 % po
30、rtland cement, 10 % limestoneand 10 % pozzolan = Type IT(L10)(P10).Ternary blended cement with 75 % portland cement, 15 % slagand 10 % limestone = Type IT(S15)(L10).4.2.3 A simplified naming practice is used in this standard for practicality and clarity when referring to specific requirementsfor bin
31、ary and ternary blended cements that are applicable to a range of products or in ternary blended cements when requirementsare applicable to only one constituent within a specific range (%). (See Note 4.)NOTE 4Examples of the simplified naming practices per in accordance with 4.2.3 are shown below:1)
32、 An example when requirements are applicable to a range of products can be found in Table 1, where the maximum SO3 content of 3 % applies to:binary blended cements with slag contents 70 %, indicated as IS(70); and ternary blended cements with a pozzolan content less than the slag contentand the slag
33、 content is less than 70 %, indicated as IT(PS70).2) An example when requirements are applicable to only one constituent within a specific range (%) of that constituent can be found in 9.2, wheretesting is required only when the slag content is 25 %. Because the requirement is based on the slag cont
34、ent only with no relation to the pozzolan orlimestone content, a simplified naming practice is employed and the range of ternary blended cements is indicated as Type IT(S25).4.3 Special Properties:4.3.1 Air-entraining cement, when desired by the purchaser, shall be specified by adding the suffix (A)
35、 to the type designationunder 4.1.1.NOTE 5Agiven mass of blended cement has a larger absolute volume than the same mass of portland cement. This should be taken into considerationin purchasing cements and in proportioning concrete mixtures.4.3.2 Moderate heat of hydration, when desired by the purcha
36、ser, shall be specified by adding the suffix (MH) to the typedesignation under 4.1.1.4.3.3 Moderate sulfate resistance, when desired by the purchaser, shall be specified by adding the suffix (MS) to the typedesignation under 4.1.1.4.3.4 High sulfate resistance, when desired by the purchaser, shall b
37、e specified by adding the suffix (HS) to the type designationunder 4.1.1.4.3.5 Low heat of hydration, when desired by the purchaser, shall be specified by adding the suffix (LH) to the type designationunder 4.1.1.4.3.6 Resistance to alkali-silica reactive aggregate expansion, when desired by the pur
38、chaser, shall be specified by adding thesuffix (R) to the type designation under 4.1.1.NOTE 6Special characteristics attributable to slag, pozzolan or limestone will vary based on quantities contained within the blended cements. TypeIT cements with greater than 5 % limestone and Type IL cements are
39、not permitted as moderate (MS) or high (HS) sulfate resistance cements, pendingresults of further research.5. Ordering Information5.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the following:5.1.1 Specification number,5.1.2 Type or types required,5.1.2.1 Indicate allowable slag, pozz
40、olan, or limestone maximum or minimum percentage by mass, if required.5.1.3 Optional special properties required (see 4.3):5.1.3.1 MS if moderate sulfate resistance is required;5.1.3.2 HS if high sulfate resistance is required;5.1.3.3 MH if moderate heat of hydration is required;5.1.3.4 LH if low he
41、at of hydration is required;TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsCement TypeA ApplicableTest MethodIS(70),IT(PS70),IT(LS70)IS($70),IT(S$70)IP,IT(P$S),IT(P$L)IL,IT(L$S),IT(L$P)Magnesium oxide (MgO), max, % C114 . . . . . . 6.0 . . .Sulfate reported as SO3, max, %B C114 3.0 4.0 4.0 3.0Sulfide reported as S2-,
42、 max, % C114 2.0 2.0 . . . . . .Insoluble residue, max, %C C114 1.0 1.0 . . . . . .Loss on ignition, max, % C114 3.0D 4.0D 5.0D 10.0A The chemical requirements in this table are applicable to all air-entrained cement equivalents.B It is permissible to exceed the values in the table for SO3 content,
43、provided it has been demonstrated by Test Method C1038 that the cement with the increased SO3will not develop expansion exceeding 0.020 % at 14 days. When the manufacturer supplies cement under this provision, supporting data shall be supplied to the purchaser.See Note 9.C Insoluble residue maximum
44、limit does not apply to ternary blended cements.D For ternary blended cements with limestone, loss on ignition is a maximum of 10.0 % by mass.C595/C595M 1535.1.3.5 R if resistance to alkali-silica reactive aggregate expansion is required;5.1.3.6 A if air entraining is required;5.1.3.7 Accelerating a
45、ddition, if required;5.1.3.8 Retarding addition, if required;5.1.3.9 Water reducing addition, if required;5.1.3.10 Water reducing and accelerating addition, if required; and5.1.3.11 Water reducing and retarding addition, if required.5.1.4 Certification, if desired (see Section 15).NOTE 7It is import
46、ant to check for availability of various options. Some multiple options are mutually incompatible or unattainable.6. Materials6.1 Materials permitted to be used as ingredients in cements manufactured to comply with this specification are:6.1.1 Portland CementFor purposes of this specification, portl
47、and cement meeting the requirements of Specification C150 issuitable. Portland cement or other hydraulic materials, or both, containing high free lime are not prohibited from use as long asthe autoclave test limits for the blended cement are met.6.1.2 Portland Cement Clinker.6.1.3 SlagSlag shall be
48、slag cement or granulated blast-furnace slag and comply with requirements in Section 9.6.1.4 PozzolanPozzolan shall comply with requirements in Section 9.6.1.5 LimestoneLimestone, as defined in Terminology C51, shall be naturally occurring and comply with the requirementsindicated in 8.2.6.1.6 Hydra
49、ted LimeHydrated lime used as part of a blended cement shall meet the requirements of Specification C821,except that when interground in the production process there shall be no minimum fineness requirement.6.1.7 Air-Entraining AdditionWhen air-entraining cement is specified, an addition meeting the requirements of SpecificationC226 shall be used.6.1.8 When processing additions are used in the manufacture of cement, they shall have been shown to meet the requirementsof Specification C465 in the amounts used or greater,greater (see Sectionsubsection
