1、Designation: C 610 09Standard Specification forMolded Expanded Perlite Block and Pipe ThermalInsulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 610; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last rev
2、ision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers molded expanded per
3、liteblock, fittings, and pipe thermal insulation intended for use onsurfaces with temperatures between 80 to 1200F (27 to649C).1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for inform
4、ation onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 When the installation or use of thermal insulationmaterials, accessories, and systems may pose safety or healthproblems, the manufacturer shall provide the user appropriatecurrent information regarding any known problems associatedwith the recommended us
5、e of the companys products and shallalso recommend protective measures to be employed in theirsafe utilization. The following safety caveat applies only to thetest methods portion of this specification: This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its u
6、se. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Propertiesof Thermal InsulationsC
7、168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC 177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC 203 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Flexural Prop-erties of Block-Type Thermal InsulationC 302 Test Method for D
8、ensity and Dimensions of Pre-formed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal InsulationC 303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Pre-formed Block and BoardType Thermal InsulationC 335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Proper-ties of Pipe InsulationC 356 Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of Preformed
9、High-Temperature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soak-ing HeatC 390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal InsulationC 421 Test Method for Tumbling Friability of PreformedBlock-Type and Preformed Pipe-Cov
10、ering-Type ThermalInsulationC 450 Practice for Fabrication of Thermal Insulating FittingCovers for NPS Piping, and Vessel LaggingC 518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter ApparatusC 585 Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of ThermalInsulatio
11、n for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and TubingC 795 Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Con-tact with Austenitic Stainless SteelC 1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal TransmissionProperties Under Steady-State ConditionsC 1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluatingand Reporting Therm
12、al Properties of Thermal InsulationC 1616 Test Method for Determining the Moisture Contentof Organic and Inorganic Insulation Materials by WeightE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE 136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical1This specification is und
13、er the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.20 onHomogeneous Inorganic Thermal Insulations.Current edition approved May 1, 2009. Published May 2009. Originallyapproved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C 610 07.
14、2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box
15、C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Tube Furnace at 750C3. Terminology3.1 GeneralTerminology C 168 shall be considered asapplying to the terms used in this specification.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 compositionmolded expanded perlite block, fitting,and p
16、ipe thermal insulation shall be composed principally ofexpanded perlite and silicate binders may contain reinforcingfibers.4. Standard Shapes, Sizes, and Dimensions4.1 Molded expanded perlite block, fitting, and pipe thermalinsulation shall be as follows:4.1.1 BlockBlock shall be furnished in length
17、s of either36 or 39.37 in. (914 or 1000 mm), widths of 6 in. (152 mm),12 in. (305 mm), 18 in. (457 mm), or 24 in. (610 mm), and inthickness from 112 to 6 in. (38 to 152 mm) in increments of12in. (13 mm).4.1.2 Pipe InsulationMolded expanded perlite pipe insu-lation shall be supplied either as hollow
18、cylindrical shapes splitin half lengthwise (in a plane including the cylindrical axis) orcurved segments. The pipe insulation shall be furnished insections or segments in lengths of either 36 or 39.37 in. (914 or1000 mm) to fit standard sizes of pipe and tubing, and innominal thickness from 1 to 4 i
19、n. (25 to 102 mm) in12-in.(13-mm) increments. Inner and outer diameters of multilayerconstruction may be specified. Inner and outer diameters shallbe in accordance with those standard dimensions specified inPractice C 585. Since outside diameter tolerances may bedifferent under individual manufactur
20、ing processes, it may benecessary to have pipe insulation furnished in two or morelayers nested by the manufacturer. The purchaser shall consultthe manufacturer for specific requirements.4.1.3 FittingsMolded (expanded insulation fittings shallconform to the inner and outer diameters in accordance wi
21、thPractice C 585. Mitered fittings shall be in accordance withPractice C 450.5. Dimensional Tolerances5.1 GeneralThe average tolerances for length, width, andthickness shall comply with the requirements shown in Table 1.5.2 Pipe InsulationThe following additional tolerancesapply to perlite pipe insu
22、lation supplied as half sections:5.2.1 Fit and ClosureWhen fitted to the appropriate sizepipe, the longitudinal seam of the pipe insulation shall close towithin116 in. (1.6 mm) along the entire length of the section.5.2.2 ConcentricityThe inner bore of the pipe insulationshall be concentric with the
23、 outer cylindrical surface. Thedeviation from concentricity shall not exceed18 in. (3.2 mm)or 5 % of the wall thickness, whichever is greater.5.2.3 Half-Section BalanceThe plane formed by the splitbetween half sections shall include the cylindrical axis. Devia-tion of the split plane from the cylind
24、er axis over the 36 or39.37-in. (914 or 1000-mm) length shall not exceed18 in. (3.2mm).6. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance6.1 Since some requirements for this material are not easilydefined by a numerical value, the insulation shall not havevisible defects that will adversely affect its service q
25、ualities.7. Physical Requirements7.1 The insulation shall conform to the physical require-ments in Table 2.8. Sampling8.1 The insulation shall be sampled in accordance withPractice C 390. Specific provision for sampling shall be agreedupon between the purchaser and the supplier.9. Qualification Requ
26、irements9.1 The following requirements are generally employed forpurpose of initial material or product qualification:9.1.1 Flexural strength,9.1.2 Compressive strength,9.1.3 Surface burning characteristics,9.1.4 Linear shrinkage after soaking heat,9.1.5 Water absorption after heat aging,9.1.6 Appar
27、ent thermal conductivity,9.1.7 Hot-surface performance,9.1.8 Stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steel,and9.1.9 Weight loss by tumbling.10. Acceptance Requirements10.1 The following requirements are generally employedfor purposes of acceptance sampling of lots or shipments ofqualified
28、products:10.1.1 Density,10.1.2 Dimensional tolerances,10.1.3 Workmanship, and10.1.4 Moisture content.11. Test Methods11.1 The properties enumerated in this specification shall bedetermined in accordance with the following test methods:11.1.1 Density:11.1.1.1 Block InsulationTest Method C 303.11.1.1.
29、2 Pipe InsulationTest Method C 302.11.1.2 Apparent Thermal Conductivity:11.1.2.1 Block InsulationTest Method C 177 per PracticeC 1058 large temperature difference method or Test MethodC 518, using 112 612-in. (38 6 13-mm) thick specimens.11.1.2.2 Pipe InsulationTest Method C 335, using 112 612 in. (
30、386 13-mm) thick specimens of pipe insulation assupplied for fit to 3-in. nominal iron pipe.TABLE 1 Dimensional TolerancesBlock PipeLength 618 in. (3.2 mm) 618 in. (3.2 mm)Width 618 in. (3.2 mm) .Thickness 618 in. (3.2 mm) 618 in. (3.2 mm)Inner Diameter . in accordance with Practice C585Outer Diamet
31、er . in accordance with Practice C585C61009211.1.2.3 GeneralDeterminations shall be made at fourmean temperatures within the temperature range in accordancewith Practice C 1058. The results of these tests shall be used tocalculate thermal transmission properties in accordance withPractice C 1045.11.
32、1.3 Linear Shrinkage After Heat SoakingRefer to TestMethod C 356. The test temperature shall be 1200F (649C).11.1.4 Flexural Strength (Block Insulation Only) TestMethod C 203, test 2in. (50mm) thick specimens.11.1.5 Compressive Strength (Block Insulation Only)TestMethod C 165. Test 2-in. (50-mm) thi
33、ck specimens.11.1.6 Weight Loss by TumblingTest Method C 421.11.1.7 Moisture ContentTest Method C 1616. The valuereported should be the numerical average of the calculatedmoisture content of four specimens rounded to the nearest 1 %.11.1.8 Water Absorption After Heat Aging:11.1.8.1 ScopeThis test me
34、thod covers a laboratory pro-cedure for evaluating the moisture resistance of molded ex-panded perlite block thermal insulation when exposed to onespecific operating temperature.11.1.8.2 Significance and Use:(1) Molded perlite insulation products are formulated to beresistant to water absorption. It
35、 is important that the materialsretain a large proportion of their water resistance even afterexposure to elevated temperatures.(2) This test method is used to determine the water resistanceafter submersion of perlite insulation materials after exposureto soaking heat.11.1.8.3 Test SpecimensSpecimen
36、s are to be 6 618 by312 618-in. (152 6 3by896 3-mm) by 2 618-in. (51 6 3-mm) thick perlite block. Two specimens are required. MarkTABLE 2 Physical RequirementsAPipe BlockDensity, lb/ft3(kg/m3) min 10 (160) 10 (160)max 14 (224) 14 (224)Flexural Strength, Lb/in. (kPa) min . 45 (310)Stress corrosion Cr
37、acking of Austentic Stainless Steel pass . .Compressive Strength at 5% Deformation, lb/in.2(kPa) min 70 (483) 70 (483)Weight Loss by Tumbling, % loss in Weight after 10 minutes max 70 70Moisture content,B% by weight max 10 10Linear Shrinkage,% at 1200F (649C) for 24 h max length 2 2width 2 2thicknes
38、s 8 8Apparent Thermal ConductivityCBtu-in./h-ft2F (W/m/K), maxMeanTemperatureApp. ThermalConductivity byTest Method C 335App. ThermalConductivity byTest Method C 177 or C518100F (38C) 0.48 (0.069) 0.48 (0.069)200F (93C) 0.53 (0.076) 0.53 (0.076)300F (149C) 0.59 (0.085) 0.59 (0.085)400F (204C) 0.64 (
39、0.092) 0.64 (0.092)500F (260C) 0.69 (0.099) 0.69 (0.099)600F (316C) 0.75 (0.108) 0.75 (0.108)700F (371C) 0.80 (0.115) 0.80 (0.115)Water Absorption of Thermal Insulationafter heat aging and 48 h Water Immersion,moisture gain , % by weight600 F (316C) 50 50Surface Burning CharacteristicsFlame spread,
40、max 00Smoke Developed, max 55Non CombustibleNon Combustible Pass . .Hot-surface PerformanceWarpage, in. (mm), max14 (6)14 (6)Cracking No cracks completely through the insulation thickness. Surface cracks on hot face are acceptable.APhysical property requirements shown are for the materials in the as
41、-manufactured condition. They may or may not represent the values of these properties undercertain in-service conditions, depending on the type of installation and the ultimate temperature exposure.BWater absorption values shown are for insulation in the as-manufactured condition. Those portions of
42、the insulation exposed to elevated temperatures may not retaintheir water absorption characteristics.CThe thermal transmission properties of perlite block and pipe insulation may vary with temperature, temperature gradient, thickness, and shape. Note that the apparentthermal conductivity requirement
43、s in the table are based on samples tested under the conditions specified in Test Methods C 177 or C 335. These are comparative valuesfor establishing specification compliance. They may not represent the installed performance of the insulation under use conditions differing substantially from testco
44、nditions.C610093each specimen for identification. The density of each specimenmust be within the allowable range as specified in Table 1.11.1.8.4 Apparatus:(1) Steel Rule, graduation in116 in.(2) Electric Oven, capable of maintaining temperatures ashigh as 600F (371C) with a 6 5 % accuracy.11.1.8.5
45、Procedure:(1) Place one specimen in the electric oven. The secondblock will be retained as a control specimen.(2) Operate the oven at 600F (149C) for a minimum of 24h. Place the control specimen and the heat treated specimens ina controlled environment of 73.4 6 1.8F (23 6 1C) and 506 5 % relative h
46、umidity.NOTE 1Precaution: In addition to other precautions, wear appropri-ate hand protection to avoid injury when removing hot specimens from theoven.(3) After the specimens have cooled for at least 12 h in thecontrolled environment, weigh each of the specimens to thenearest 0.1 g.(4) Completely im
47、merse each specimen so that a head of 1in. of distilled water at ambient temperature is maintained fora minimum of 48 h. Withdraw each specimen and quickly wipeoff excess surface moisture with a damp cloth. Immediatelyweigh each specimen to the nearest 0.1 g.11.1.8.6 CalculationCalculate the percent
48、 of water ab-sorption by weight, using the weights obtained after heatsoaking as the dry weight. The calculation should be asfollows:water absorption 5 100 3 WAI2 WAHS!/WAHS(1)where:WAI= after immersion specimen weight, andWAHS= after heat soak specimen weight.11.1.8.7 ReportThe report shall include
49、 the density of thespecimens and the water absorption after immersion.(1) Precision and BiasPrecision and bias have not yetbeen determined but are being investigated. A precision andbias statement will be included when the proper data have beenobtained and analyzed.11.1.9 Surface Burning Characteristics Test MethodE84.11.1.10 Hot-Surface PerformanceTest Method C411at1200F (649C).11.1.11 Stress Corrosion Cracking of Austenitic StainlessSteelTest Method C 795 for preproduction qualification.11.1.12
