1、Designation: C610 10Standard Specification forMolded Expanded Perlite Block and Pipe ThermalInsulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C610; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revis
2、ion. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers molded expanded perli
3、teblock, fittings, and pipe thermal insulation intended for use onsurfaces with temperatures between 80 to 1200F (27 to649C).1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for informat
4、ion onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 When the installation or use of thermal insulationmaterials, accessories, and systems may pose safety or healthproblems, the manufacturer shall provide the user appropriatecurrent information regarding any known problems associatedwith the recommended use
5、of the companys products and shallalso recommend protective measures to be employed in theirsafe utilization. The following safety caveat applies only to thetest methods portion of this specification: This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use
6、. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations priorto use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Propertiesof Thermal InsulationsC168
7、Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means ofthe Guarded-Hot-Plate ApparatusC203 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Flexural Prop-erties of Block-Type Thermal InsulationC302 Test Method for Density
8、and Dimensions of Pre-formed Pipe-Covering-Type Thermal InsulationC303 Test Method for Dimensions and Density of Pre-formed Block and BoardType Thermal InsulationC335 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Transfer Proper-ties of Pipe InsulationC356 Test Method for Linear Shrinkage of PreformedHigh-Tempe
9、rature Thermal Insulation Subjected to Soak-ing HeatC390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC411 Test Method for Hot-Surface Performance of High-Temperature Thermal InsulationC421 Test Method for Tumbling Friability of PreformedBlock-Type and Preformed Pipe-Covering-Type T
10、hermalInsulationC450 Practice for Fabrication of Thermal Insulating FittingCovers for NPS Piping, and Vessel LaggingC518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal TransmissionProperties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter ApparatusC585 Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of ThermalInsulation for Nominal S
11、izes of Pipe and TubingC795 Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Con-tact with Austenitic Stainless SteelC1045 Practice for CalculatingThermalTransmission Prop-erties Under Steady-State ConditionsC1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluatingand Reporting Thermal Properties of T
12、hermal InsulationC1616 Test Method for Determining the Moisture Contentof Organic and Inorganic Insulation Materials by WeightE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding Materials1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 onThermal Insulation and is the di
13、rect responsibility of Subcommittee C16.20 onHomogeneous Inorganic Thermal Insulations.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2010. Published November 2010. Originallyapproved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C610 091. DOI:10.1520/C0610-10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM w
14、ebsite, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United S
15、tates.E136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a VerticalTube Furnace at 750C3. Terminology3.1 GeneralTerminology C168 shall be considered asapplying to the terms used in this specification.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 compositionmolded expanded perlite block, fittin
16、g,and pipe thermal insulation shall be composed principally ofexpanded perlite and silicate binders may contain reinforcingfibers.4. Standard Shapes, Sizes, and Dimensions4.1 Molded expanded perlite block, fitting, and pipe thermalinsulation shall be as follows:4.1.1 BlockBlock shall be furnished in
17、 lengths of either36 or 39.4 in. (914 or 1000 mm), widths of 6 in. (152 mm), 12in. (305 mm), 18 in. (457 mm), or 24 in. (610 mm), and inthickness from 112 to 6 in. (38 to 152 mm) in increments of12in. (13 mm).4.1.2 Pipe InsulationMolded expanded perlite pipe insu-lation shall be supplied either as h
18、ollow cylindrical shapes splitin half lengthwise (in a plane including the cylindrical axis) orcurved segments. The pipe insulation shall be furnished insections or segments in lengths of either 36 or 39.4 in. (914 or1000 mm) to fit standard sizes of pipe and tubing, and innominal thickness from 1 t
19、o 4 in. (25 to 102 mm) in12-in.(13-mm) increments. Inner and outer diameters of multilayerconstruction may be specified. Inner and outer diameters shallbe in accordance with those standard dimensions specified inPractice C585. Since outside diameter tolerances may bedifferent under individual manufa
20、cturing processes, it may benecessary to have pipe insulation furnished in two or morelayers nested by the manufacturer. The purchaser shall consultthe manufacturer for specific requirements.4.1.3 FittingsMolded (expanded insulation fittings shallconform to the inner and outer diameters in accordanc
21、e withPractice C585. Mitered fittings shall be in accordance withPractice C450.5. Dimensional Tolerances5.1 GeneralThe average tolerances for length, width, andthickness shall comply with the requirements shown in Table 1.5.2 Pipe InsulationThe following additional tolerancesapply to perlite pipe in
22、sulation supplied as half sections:5.2.1 Fit and ClosureWhen fitted to the appropriate sizepipe, the longitudinal seam of the pipe insulation shall close towithin116 in. (1.6 mm) along the entire length of the section.5.2.2 ConcentricityThe inner bore of the pipe insulationshall be concentric with t
23、he outer cylindrical surface. Thedeviation from concentricity shall not exceed18 in. (3.2 mm)or 5 % of the wall thickness, whichever is greater.5.2.3 Half-Section BalanceThe plane formed by the splitbetween half sections shall include the cylindrical axis. Devia-tion of the split plane from the cyli
24、nder axis over the 36 or39.4-in. (914 or 1000-mm) length shall not exceed18 in. (3.2mm).6. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance6.1 Since some requirements for this material are not easilydefined by a numerical value, the insulation shall not havevisible defects that will adversely affect its service
25、qualities.7. Physical Requirements7.1 The insulation shall conform to the physical require-ments in Table 2.8. Sampling8.1 The insulation shall be sampled in accordance withPractice C390. Specific provision for sampling shall be agreedupon between the purchaser and the supplier.9. Qualification Requ
26、irements9.1 The following requirements are generally employed forpurpose of initial material or product qualification:9.1.1 Flexural strength,9.1.2 Compressive strength,9.1.3 Surface burning characteristics,9.1.4 Linear shrinkage after soaking heat,9.1.5 Water absorption after heat aging,9.1.6 Appar
27、ent thermal conductivity,9.1.7 Hot-surface performance,9.1.8 Stress corrosion cracking of austenitic stainless steel,and9.1.9 Weight loss by tumbling.10. Acceptance Requirements10.1 The following requirements are generally employedfor purposes of acceptance sampling of lots or shipments ofqualified
28、products:10.1.1 Density,10.1.2 Dimensions,10.1.3 Workmanship, and10.1.4 Moisture content.11. Test Methods11.1 The properties enumerated in this specification shall bedetermined in accordance with the following test methods:11.1.1 Density:11.1.1.1 Block InsulationTest Method C303.11.1.1.2 Pipe Insula
29、tionTest Method C302, Procedure A.11.1.2 Apparent Thermal Conductivity:11.1.2.1 Block InsulationTest Method C177 per PracticeC1058 large temperature difference method or Test MethodC518, using 112 612-in. (38 6 13-mm) thick specimens.11.1.2.2 Pipe InsulationTest Method C335, using 112 612 in. (386 1
30、3-mm) thick specimens of pipe insulation assupplied for fit to a 3-in. (89 mm) nominal iron pipe.TABLE 1 Dimensional TolerancesBlock PipeLength 618 in. (3.2 mm) 618 in. (3.2 mm)Width 618 in. (3.2 mm) .Thickness 618 in. (3.2 mm) 618 in. (3.2 mm)Inner Diameter . in accordance with Practice C585Outer D
31、iameter . in accordance with Practice C585C610 10211.1.2.3 GeneralDeterminations shall be made at fourmean temperatures within the temperature range in accordancewith Practice C1058. The results of these tests shall be used tocalculate thermal transmission properties in accordance withPractice C1045
32、.11.1.3 Linear Shrinkage After Heat SoakingRefer to TestMethod C356. The test temperature shall be 1200F (649C).11.1.4 Flexural Strength (Block Insulation Only)TestMethods C203 Method 1 (3 Point), Procedure D, test 2in.(50mm) thick specimens. The flexural strength of pipe insula-tion cannot be teste
33、d.11.1.5 Compressive Strength (Block Insulation Only)TestMethod C165. Test 2-in. (50-mm) thick specimens.11.1.6 Weight Loss by TumblingTest Method C421.11.1.7 Moisture ContentTest Method C1616. The valuereported should be the numerical average of the calculatedmoisture content of four specimens roun
34、ded to the nearest 1 %.11.1.8 Water Absorption After Heat Aging:11.1.8.1 ScopeThis test method covers a laboratory pro-cedure for evaluating the moisture resistance of molded ex-panded perlite block thermal insulation when exposed to onespecific operating temperature.11.1.8.2 Significance and Use:(1
35、) Molded perlite insulation products are formulated to beresistant to water absorption. It is important that the materialsretain a large proportion of their water resistance even afterexposure to elevated temperatures.(2) This test method is used to determine the water resistanceafter submersion of
36、perlite insulation materials after exposureto soaking heat.11.1.8.3 Test SpecimensSpecimens are to be 6 618 by312 618-in. (152 6 3by896 3-mm) by 2 618-in. (51 6 3-mm) thick perlite block. Two specimens are required. MarkTABLE 2 Physical RequirementsAPipe BlockDensity, lb/ft3(kg/m3) min 10 (160) 10 (
37、160)max 14 (224) 14 (224)Flexural Strength, lb/in.2(kPa) min . 45 (310)Stress corrosion Cracking of Austentic Stainless Steel pass . .Compressive Strength at 5% Deformation, lb/in.2(kPa) min 70 (483) 70 (483)Weight Loss by Tumbling, % loss in Weight after 10 minutes max 70 70Moisture content,B% by w
38、eight max 10 10Linear Shrinkage,% at 1200F (649C) for 24 h max length 2 2width 2 2thickness 8 8Apparent Thermal ConductivityCBtu-in./h-ft2F (W/m/K), maxMeanTemperatureApp. ThermalConductivity byTest Method C335App. ThermalConductivity byTest Method C177 or C518100F (38C) 0.48 (0.069) 0.48 (0.069)200
39、F (93C) 0.53 (0.076) 0.53 (0.076)300F (149C) 0.59 (0.085) 0.59 (0.085)400F (204C) 0.64 (0.092) 0.64 (0.092)500F (260C) 0.69 (0.099) 0.69 (0.099)600F (316C) 0.75 (0.108) 0.75 (0.108)700F (371C) 0.80 (0.115) 0.80 (0.115)Water Absorption of Thermal Insulationafter heat aging and 48 h Water Immersion,mo
40、isture gain , % by weight600 F (316C) 50 50Surface Burning CharacteristicsFlame spread, max 00Smoke Developed, max 55Non CombustibleNon Combustible Pass . .Hot-surface PerformanceWarpage, in. (mm), max14 (6)14 (6)Cracking No cracks completely through the insulation thickness. Surface cracks on hot f
41、ace are acceptable.APhysical property requirements shown are for the materials in the as-manufactured condition. They may or may not represent the values of these properties undercertain in-service conditions, depending on the type of installation and the ultimate temperature exposure.BWater absorpt
42、ion values shown are for insulation in the as-manufactured condition. Those portions of the insulation exposed to elevated temperatures may not retaintheir water absorption characteristics.CThe thermal transmission properties of perlite block and pipe insulation may vary with temperature, temperatur
43、e gradient, thickness, and shape. Note that the apparentthermal conductivity requirements in the table are based on samples tested under the conditions specified in Test Methods C177, C335,orC518. These are comparativevalues for establishing specification compliance. They may not represent the insta
44、lled performance of the insulation under use conditions differing substantially from testconditions.C610 103each specimen for identification. The density of each specimenmust be within the allowable range as specified in Table 1.11.1.8.4 Apparatus:(1) Steel Rule, graduation in116 in.(2) Electric Ove
45、n, capable of maintaining temperatures ashigh as 600F (316C) with a 6 5 % accuracy.11.1.8.5 Procedure:(1) Place one specimen in the electric oven. The secondblock will be retained as a control specimen.(2) Operate the oven at 600F (316C) 6 10F (6C) for aminimum of 24 h. Place the control specimen an
46、d the heattreated specimens in a controlled environment of 73 6 2F (236 1C) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity.NOTE 1Precaution: In addition to other precautions, wear appropri-ate hand protection to avoid injury when removing hot specimens from theoven.(3) After the specimens have cooled for at least 1
47、2 h in thecontrolled environment, weigh each of the specimens to thenearest 0.1 g.(4) Completely immerse each specimen so that a head of 1in. of distilled water at ambient temperature is maintained fora minimum of 48 h. Withdraw each specimen and quickly wipeoff excess surface moisture with a damp c
48、loth. Immediatelyweigh each specimen to the nearest 0.1 g.11.1.8.6 CalculationCalculate the percent of water ab-sorption by weight, using the weights obtained after heatsoaking as the dry weight. The calculation should be asfollows:water absorption 5 100 3 WAI2 WAHS!/WAHS(1)where:WAI= after immersio
49、n specimen weight, andWAHS= after heat soak specimen weight.11.1.8.7 ReportThe report shall include the density of thespecimens and the water absorption after immersion.(1) Precision and BiasPrecision and bias have not yetbeen determined but are being investigated. A precision andbias statement will be included when the proper data have beenobtained and analyzed.11.1.9 Surface Burning Characteristics Test Method E84.11.1.10 Hot-Surface PerformanceTest Method C411 at1200F (649C).11.1.11 Stress
