1、Designation: C627 101Standard Test Method forEvaluating Ceramic Floor Tile Installation Systems Usingthe Robinson-Type Floor Tester1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C627; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of rev
2、ision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTERevised 5.4 editorially in July 2017.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the evaluation of ceramic floorti
3、le installation systems, using the Robinson2-type floor tester.1.2 This test method is intended solely for evaluatingcomplete ceramic floor tile installation systems for failureunder loads and not for evaluating particular characteristics ofceramic tile, such as abrasion resistance. This test method
4、 doesnot claim to provide meaningful results for other than evalu-ating complete ceramic floor tile installation systems.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard. The metric (SI) units in parentheses are forinformation only.1.4 This standard does not purport to add
5、ress all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-d
6、ance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM S
7、tandards:3C144 Specification for Aggregate for Masonry MortarC150 Specification for Portland Cement2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:Robinson-type Floor Tester2Deflection Gage43. Summary of Test Method3.1 This test method consists of preparing installation slabsthat duplicate the type of installation under consider
8、ation,subjecting them to one or more tests on the Robinson floortester, and evaluating the results in a prescribed manner.Description of the installation method must specifically includeall variables, for example, the type of materials and mixtureproportions of substratum, setting material, and tile
9、 grout; typeof tile, installation technique, and cure.4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a standardized procedure forevaluating performance of ceramic floor tile installations underconditions similar to actual specific usages. It can be used tomake comparisons between customary bas
10、ic installationmethods, to establish the influence of minor changes in aparticular installation method, and to judge the merit ofproposed novel methods.5. Apparatus5.1 Foundation for TesterThe foundation for the testershall consist of a nominally 4-ft (1220-mm) square and 1-ft(300-mm) thick cement s
11、lab with two 15- by 15-in. (380- by380-mm) bearing plates with four 1212-in. (318-mm) high tierods cast into the center of the foundation and with an 8-in.(203-mm) square and 1-ft (300-mm) deep opening in the exactcenter. The top surface of this slab shall be smooth, level, andflat with the maximum
12、deviation from a true plane not toexceed132 in. (0.8 mm).An extension at the bottom of one sideof the foundation shall be approximately 4 in. (102 mm) thickand 14 in (356 mm) wide to hold the motor, speed reducer, anddrive. A 4-in. high and 8-in. wide tunnel, running from the topof the cement extens
13、ion and level with it to the center of the1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C21 on CeramicWhitewares and Related Products and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC21.06 on Ceramic Tile.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2010. Published September 2010. Originallyappr
14、oved in 1970. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C627 93 (2007).DOI: 10.1520/C0627-10E01.2Developed at the Research Center of the Tile Council of America, Inc. Detailedworking drawings of the apparatus are available at a nominal cost from ASTMHeadquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJC062701.3For re
15、ferenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Detailed working drawings for construction of the deflection gage a
16、re availableat nominal cost from ASTM Headquarters. Order Adjunct No. ADJC062702.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on stan
17、dardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.11-ft thick foundation slab permits the transmittal of the drive tothe carriage of the te
18、ster. Four34-in. (19-mm) holes, 212 in.(63.5 mm) deep to hold12-in. (12.7-mm) threaded lead shields(Star Tamp-Ins) shall be cast into the foundation, one at eachcorner and located 5 in. (127 mm) in from each side. Four more34-in. (19-mm) holes, 212 in. deep to hold12-in. threaded leadshield shall be
19、 cast into the foundation extension to hold thedrive base.5.2 TesterThe tester itself shall be a 150 6 5-lbs (68.1 62.3-kg) carriage, consisting of a piece of12-in. thick, hot-rolledsteel plate in the shape of an equilateral triangle with 6-in.(152-mm) radius rounded corners and having a 338-in. (85
20、.7-mm) diameter hole in the exact center. Three swivel casterwheels shall be equally spaced in a circle with 15-in. (381-mm)radius from the center and fastened to the underside of thecarriage at the intersection of the bisector of each angle and the15-in. (381-mm) radius circle. Over each wheel a 16
21、-in.(406-mm) high, 1-in. (25.4-mm) diameter, fully threaded steelrod shall be vertically threaded into the carriage to permit theaddition of up to 250 lbs (113.5 kg) of auxiliary weights to eachwheel. The auxiliary weights with 112-in. (38-mm) diametercenter openings shall weigh either 25 or 50 lbs
22、(11.5 or 23 kg)each and when stacked on the threaded rod, their totalthickness shall not exceed 15 in. in height. They shall be helddown firmly by a washer and nut on the threaded rods. If theweight of the carriage with wheels and threaded steel rods, butwithout auxiliary weights, does not reach the
23、 required weightof 150 6 5 lbs (68.1 6 2.3 kg), one third of the necessaryadditional weight shall be permanently added near each steelrod by welding it in place. Conversely, if the total weight of thecarriage exceeds the required weight of 150 6 5 lbs (68.1 62.3 kg), a sufficient number of 1-in. dia
24、meter holes may bedrilled into the steel plate, equally distributed along the threesides of the triangle, to reduce the weight. A cutaway diagramof the apparatus is shown in Fig. 1.25.3 DriveThe tester shall be driven by a34-hp motor andspeed reducer. Drive transmittal shall be arranged in such aman
25、ner that the plane of travel and the elevation of the carriageare free to accommodate various types of test slabs. Thecarriage shall rotate at the rate of 15 6 0.5 rpm.5.4 WheelsThe wheels shall be swivel casters with remov-able axles, equipped with grease fittings. They shall be 4 in. indiameter an
26、d have a 138-in. bearing surface. Three differentsets of three wheels each are required, namely one set with asoft rubber bearing surface of 78 6 3 Shore A durometerhardness, one set with hard rubber bearings surface of 80 6 3Shore D durometer hardness, and one set with steel bearingsurface. All cas
27、ters shall be of ball bearing construction.5.5 WeightsThirty 25-lbs (11.5-kg) or fifteen 50-lbs (23-kg) disk-shaped, 11-in. (280-mm) diameter bar bell weightswith 114-in. (32-mm) diameter center openings to fit the 1-in.diameter rods over each wheel are required. Accuracy of theweights shall be 61%.
28、5.6 Deflection GageA jig, equipped with a dial indicatorreading in 0.001 in. (0.025 mm) for insertion between theupper and lower sheet of a plywood base to measure thedeflection of the base under the path of the wheels. Anassembly drawing is shown in Fig. 2.41. Internal Gear 8. Bearing 15. Bearing P
29、lates (2)2. Clamp 9. Sprocket 16. Swivel Caster Wheels (3)3. Spur Gear 10. Drive Chain 17. Threaded Rods (3)4. Shaft 11. Sprocket 18. Carriage5. Universal 12. Reducer 19. Plaster Bedding6. Threaded Coupling 13. Foundation 20. Concrete Base Panel7. Drive Shaft 14. Tunnel for Drive 21. Bond Coat22. Ce
30、ramic TileFIG. 1 Floor Tile Installations Systems Tester (Not to Scale)C627 10125.7 Revolution CounterA revolution counter, capable ofrecording up to 1000 revolutions, mounted on the carriage andtripped once each turn by a “finger” mounted on the founda-tion.5.8 TimerAn automatic timing device which
31、 can be presetto stop the tester and activate a bell alarm after a given time.6. Test Panel Assemblies6.1 The base upon which the tile are installed, the bondingmedium, the type of tile mountings, the type of grout, and thetype of tile used may be varied with the requirements of thetest.6.1.1 Mortar
32、 Base for Portland Cement InstallationsArecommended mortar base panel for portland cement installa-tions may be cast without reinforcements into a 2-in. (51-mm)thick regular octagon, measuring 4 ft (1220 mm) from side toside, from a mortar mix consisting of six parts by weight of drysand, clean and
33、graded (see Specification C144) and one partby weight of portland cement (Type I of Specification C150),with enough potable water to make a relatively dry mortarwhich, when stroked with a trowel, gives a smooth, slickappearance. One half-inch (12.7-mm) diameter, 11-in. (280-mm) long sections of pipe
34、, centered and projecting about 5 in.(127 mm), may be horizontally cast into alternate sides of theoctagon to serve as lifting handles for the panel. A 6-in.(152-mm) square opening in the center of the octagon admitsthe drive shaft of the tester. For conventional-type installationmethods, the tile s
35、hall be set before the mortar hardens. Afterproper curing, such a panel is set in place on the foundation ofthe testing machine with a weak plaster. A polyethylene sheetshall be laid between the foundation of the tester and theplaster, so that the mortar-base test panel can be easily removedafter co
36、mpletion of the test. A plaster mix of ten parts byweight of dry sand, clean and graded (Specification C144) andone part by weight of gypsum plaster with enough potablewater to make a fairly thick slurry has been found satisfactory.Construction details for such a panel are shown in Fig. 3.6.1.2 Conc
37、rete Base for Thin-Bed InstallationsThe sizeand construction of such a concrete base shall be the same asthat described under 6.1, except that the concrete mix shallconsist of three parts of gravel not over34 in. (19 mm) in size,two and one-half parts of dry sand, clean and graded (Speci-fication C1
38、44), one part of portland cement (Type I ofSpecification C150) and one part of potable water, all parts byweight. The concrete base panel shall be cured for at leastseven days before the installation of tile. The concrete base isset in place on the foundation of the tester with plaster asdescribed i
39、n 6.1.1.6.1.3 Plywood Base for InstallationsThe plywood baseshall be 4 ft (1220 mm) square and of sandwich construction.For maximum stiffness, the plywood face grain directionshould be installed so as to run perpendicular to the floor joistor supports. The top shall consist of two sections of1932-in
40、.tongue and groove plywood (or as otherwise specified) suchthat the joint between the two sections runs perpendicular tothe joists and tangential to the center of the wheel path (wheelsare 138-in. wide). The bottom shall be14-in. (6.4-mm)plywood. In between the top and bottom of the panel on 16-in.(
41、406-mm) centers, shall be four 158-in. (41.4-mm) square and4-ft (1220-mm) long sections of wood to duplicate the supportrendered by joists in an actual installation. There shall be a6-in. (152-mm) square opening in the center of the panel toFIG. 2 Deflection Gage (Not to Scale)Dimension TableKey in.
42、 mmB12 12.7F 2 50.8H 5 127.0K 6 152.4N 23 584O 48 1219R 52 1321FIG. 3 Concrete Base Panel (Not to Scale)C627 1013permit entry to the testing machine drive shaft. Such a panelshall be set in place on the foundation of the testing machinewith plaster as described in 5.1, but a polyethylene sheet shall
43、also be used between the plywood base and the plaster to keepmoisture out of the wood. The panel shall be held in place onthe foundation of the testing machine with four bolts, one ateach corner. The bolts fit into the “Star Tamp-Ins” cast into thefoundation and secure the lower14-in. (6.4-mm) plywo
44、od sheetof the sandwich construction to the foundation. Two-inch(50.8-mm) diameter holes may be drilled into the top of theplywood sandwich, directly above the four bolts, to permitaccess to them. For details of construction of such a panel seeFig. 4.6.1.3.1 Plywood Base with Panel-Type Underlayment
45、If apanel-type underlayment (for example, backerboard) is to beinstalled atop the plywood base, it shall consist of two sectionssuch that the joint between the two sections runs parallel to thejoists and tangential to the center of the wheel path (wheels are138-in. wide). A 6-in. (152-mm) square ope
46、ning in the centerof the underlayment shall align directly with the plywood baseto permit entry to the testing machine drive shaft. See Fig. 5 foran illustration.6.1.4 Composition Base for InstallationsThe constructionof the composition base panel shall be identical to that of theplywood base, excep
47、t that the top of the panel consists ofcomposition board or other sheeting material as specified. Thesame method shall be used to set the composition base on thefoundation of the machine and to fasten it to the foundation asoutlined in 6.1.3.7. Testing Procedure7.1 Prepare a test panel assembly usin
48、g the required base inaccordance with the instructions given in 6.1.1, 6.1.2, 6.1.3,or6.1.4 and install upon such a panel the type of floor tile by themethod that is to be evaluated.After proper curing of the panel,mount the test panel on the foundation of the testing machinein accordance with the i
49、nstructions given for the type of panelused. Install soft rubber wheels on the machine and place theDimension TableKey in. mmA14 6.35C58 15.88D34 19.05E158 41.28F 2 50.8G212 63.5H 5 127.0J51316 147.6L 8 203.2M 16 406O 48 1219P4958 1261FIG. 4 Plywood Base AssemblyC627 1014necessary weights over each wheel to obtain the weight perwheel specified for each cycle as given in Table 1. Be sure totake into consideration that the weight of the 150-lbs (68.1-kg)carriage is distributed so that each wheel is automaticallyloaded with 50 lbs (23
