1、Designation: C76M 11Standard Specification forReinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe(Metric)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C76M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of la
2、st revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers reinforced co
3、ncrete pipe in-tended to be used for the conveyance of sewage, industrialwastes, and storm water, and for the construction of culverts.1.2 This specification is the SI companion to SpecificationC76.NOTE 1This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specifica-tion only, and does not include req
4、uirements for bedding, backfill, or therelationship between field load condition and the strength classification ofpipe. However, experience has shown that the successful performance ofthis product depends upon the proper selection of the class of pipe, typeof bedding and backfill, controlled manufa
5、cture in the plant, and care andinstallation conforms to the construction specifications. The owner of thereinforced concrete pipe specified herein is cautioned that he mustcorrelate the field requirements with the class of pipe specified andprovide inspection at the construction site.NOTE 2Attentio
6、n is called to the specification for reinforced concreteD-load culvert, storm drain, and sewer pipe (ASTM Designation C655M).2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural SteelA82/A82M Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for ConcreteReinforcementA185/A185M
7、Specification for Steel Welded Wire Rein-forcement, Plain, for ConcreteA496/A496M Specification for Steel Wire, Deformed, forConcrete ReinforcementA497/A497M Specification for Steel Welded Wire Rein-forcement, Deformed, for ConcreteA615/A615M Specification for Deformed and PlainCarbon-Steel Bars for
8、 Concrete ReinforcementA706/A706M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Deformedand Plain Bars for Concrete ReinforcementC33 Specification for Concrete AggregatesC150 Specification for Portland CementC260 Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for Con-creteC309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-For
9、ming Com-pounds for Curing ConcreteC494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures forConcreteC497M Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole Sections,or Tile MetricC595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use in Concr
10、eteC655M Specification for Reinforced Concrete D-Load Cul-vert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe (Metric)C822 Terminology Relating to Concrete Pipe and RelatedProductsC989 Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concreteand MortarsC1017/C1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures forUse in Producing Fl
11、owing ConcreteC1116 Specification for Fiber-Reinforced Concrete andShotcrete3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms relating to con-crete pipe, see Terminology C822.4. Classification4.1 Pipe manufactured in accordance with this specificationshall be of five classes identified as Class
12、I, Class II, Class III,Class IV, and Class V. The corresponding strength require-ments are prescribed in Tables 1-5.5. Basis of Acceptance5.1 Unless otherwise designated by the owner at the time of,or before placing an order, there are two separate and alterna-tive bases of acceptance. Independent o
13、f the method of1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 onConcrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.02 onReinforced Sewer and Culvert Pipe.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2011. Published March 2011. Originallyapproved in 1980. Last previous editio
14、n approved in 2010 as C76M 10a. DOI:10.1520/C0076M-11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1Copyri
15、ght ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.acceptance, the pipe shall be designed to meet both the 0.01-in.crack and ultimate strength requirements specified in Tables1-5.5.1.1 Acceptance on the Basis of Plant Load-Bearing Tests,Materi
16、al Tests, and Inspection of Manufactured Pipe for VisualDefects and ImperfectionsAcceptability of the pipe in alldiameters and classes produced in accordance with 7.1 or 7.2shall be determined by the results of the three-edge bearingtests as defined in 11.3.1; by such material tests as are requiredi
17、n 6.2, 6.3, 6.5 and 6.6; by an absorption test of the concretefrom the wall of the pipe as required in 11.9; and by visualinspection of the finished pipe to determine its conformancewith the accepted design and its freedom from defects.5.1.2 Acceptance on the Basis of Material Test and Inspec-tion o
18、f Manufactured Pipe for Defects and ImperfectionsAcceptability of the pipe in all diameters and classes producedin accordance with 7.1 or 7.2 shall be determined by the resultsof such material tests as are required in 6.2, 6.3, 6.5 and 6.6;bycrushing tests on concrete cores or cured concrete cylinde
19、rs; byan absorption test of the concrete from the wall of the pipe foreach mix design that is used on an order; and by inspection ofthe finished pipe including amount and placement of reinforce-ment to determine its conformance with the accepted designand its freedom from defects.5.1.3 When agreed u
20、pon between the owner and manufac-turer, any portion or any combination of the tests itemized in5.1.1 or 5.1.2 may form the basis of acceptance.5.2 Age for AcceptancePipe shall be considered ready foracceptance when it conforms to the requirements as indicatedby the specified tests.6. Materials6.1 R
21、einforced ConcreteThe reinforced concrete shallconsist of cementitious materials, mineral aggregates, andwater, in which steel has been embedded in such a manner thatthe steel and concrete act together.6.2 Cementitious Materials:6.2.1 CementCement shall conform to the requirementsfor portland cement
22、 of Specification C150 or shall be portlandblast-furnace slag cement or slag modified portland cement, orportland-pozzolan cement conforming to the requirements ofSpecification C595, except that the pozzolan constituent in theType IP portland-pozzolan cement shall be fly ash.6.2.2 Ground Granulated
23、Blast-Furnace SlagGGBFSshall conform to the requirements of Grade 100 or 120 ofSpecification C989.6.2.3 Fly AshFly ash shall conform to the requirements ofClass F or Class C of Specification C618.6.2.4 Allowable Combinations of Cementitious MaterialsThe combination of cementitious materials used in
24、the concreteshall be one of the following:6.2.4.1 Portland cement only,6.2.4.2 Portland blast furnace slag cement only,6.2.4.3 Slag modified Portland cement only,6.2.4.4 Portland pozzolan cement only,6.2.4.5 A combination of Portland cement and groundgranulated blast-furnace slag,6.2.4.6 A combinati
25、on of Portland cement and fly ash, or6.2.4.7 A combination of Portland cement, ground granu-lated blast-furnace slag (not to exceed 25 % of the totalcementitious weight) and fly ash (not to exceed 25 % of thetotal cementitious weight).6.2.4.8 A combination of portland pozzolan cement and flyash, pro
26、vided the fly ash added does not exceed 25 % byweight of the portland pozzolan cement.6.3 AggregatesAggregates shall conform to SpecificationC33 except that the requirement for gradation shall not apply.NOTE 1The total reinforcement area of the inner circular cage and the elliptical cage shall not b
27、e less than that specified for the inner cage in Tables1-5.NOTE 2The total reinforcement area of the outer circular cage and the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the outer cage in Tables1-5.FIG. 1 Triple Cage ReinforcementC76M 1126.4 Admixtures and BlendsThe following admixt
28、ures andblends are allowable:6.4.1 Air-entraining admixture conforming to SpecificationC260;6.4.2 Chemical admixture conforming to SpecificationC494/C494M;6.4.3 Chemical admixture for use in producing flowingconcrete conforming to Specification C1017/C1017M; and6.4.4 Chemical admixture or blend appr
29、oved by the owner.6.5 Steel ReinforcementReinforcement shall consist ofwire conforming to Specification A82/A82M or SpecificationA496/A496M; or of wire reinforcement conforming to Speci-fication A185/A185M or Specification A497/A497M;orofbars conforming to Specification A36/A36M, SpecificationA615/A
30、615M Grade 40 or 60, or Specification A706/A706MGrade 60.6.6 Synthetic FibersCollated fibrillated virgin polypropy-lene fibers may be used, at the manufacturers option, inconcrete pipe as a nonstructural manufacturing material. OnlyType III synthetic fibers designed and manufactured specifi-cally fo
31、r use in concrete and conforming to the requirements ofSpecification C1116 shall be accepted.7. Design7.1 Design TablesThe diameter, wall thickness, compres-sive strength of the concrete, and the area of the circumferen-tial reinforcement shall be as prescribed for Classes I to V inTables 1-5, excep
32、t as provided in 7.2.7.1.1 The reinforcement as presented in the tables hereinallows single circular cage reinforcement or separate inner andouter circular cage reinforcement or single elliptical cagereinforcement or a combination thereof.Footnotes to the tables are intended to clarify tabulatedrequ
33、irements or provide acceptable alternative reinforcementdesigns, either of which are applicable and binding as if theywere contained in the body of the specification.7.2 Modified and Special Designs:7.2.1 If permitted by the owner the manufacturer mayrequest approval by the owner of modified designs
34、 that differfrom the designs in; or special designs for sizes and loadsbeyond those shown in Tables 1-5, 7.1, or special designs forpipe sizes that do not have steel reinforcement areas shown inTables 1-5.TABLE 1 Design Requirements for Class I Reinforced Concrete PipeANOTE 1See Section 5 for basis
35、of acceptance specified by owner.The strength test requirements in newtons per linear metre of pipe under the three-edge-bearing method shall be either the D-load (test load expressedin newtons per linear metre per millimetre of diameter) to produce the 0.3-mm crack, or the D-loads to produce the 0.
36、3-mm crack and the ultimate loadas specified below, multiplied by the internal diameter of the pipe in millimetres.D-load to produce a 0.3 mm crack 40.0D-load to produce the ultimate load 60.0InternalDesignatedDiameter,mmReinforcement, cm2/linear m of pipe wallWall A Wall BConcrete Strength, 27.6 MP
37、a Concrete Strength, 27.6 MPaWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCage1500 125 5.3 3.2 5.9 150 4.4 2.6 4.91650 138 6.4 3.8 7.0 163 5.3 3.2 5.91800 150 7.4 4.4 8.3 175 6.1 3.7 6.8195
38、0 163 8.5 5.1 9.3 188 6.8 4.1 7.62100 175 9.5 5.7 10.6 200 7.8 4.7 8.72250 188 10.4 6.2 11.4 213 8.7 5.2 9.72400 200 11.4 6.8 12.7 225 9.7 5.8 10.8Concrete Strength, 34.5 MPa2550 213 13.3 8.0Inner CircularPlus Elliptical5.38.0238 11.4 6.8Inner CircularPlus Elliptical4.66.82700 225 14.4 8.6Inner Circ
39、ularPlus Elliptical5.88.6250 12.9 7.7Inner CircularPlus Elliptical5.27.72850A. . . .A. . . .3000A. . . .A. . . .3150A. . . .A. . . .3300A. . . .A. . . .3450A. . . .A. . . .3600A. . . .A. . . .AFor modified or special designs, see 7.2 or with the permission of the owner utilize the provisions of Spec
40、ification C655M. Steel areas may be interpolated betweenthose shown for variations in diameter, loading, or wall thickness. Pipe over 2400 mm in diameter shall have two circular cages or an inner circular plus one elliptical cage.BAs an alternative to designs requiring both inner and outer circular
41、cages the reinforcement may be positioned and proportioned in either of the following manners:An inner circular cage plus an elliptical cage such that the area of the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the outer cage in the table and the total areaof the inner circular cage pl
42、us the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage in the table,An inner and outer cage plus quadrant mats in accordance with Fig. 2,orAn inner and outer cage plus an elliptical cage in accordance with Fig. 1.CElliptical and quadrant steel must be held in place by means
43、of holding rods, chairs, or other positive means throughout the entire casting operation.C76M 1137.2.2 Such modified or special designs shall be based onrational or empirical evaluations of the ultimate strength andcracking behavior of the pipe and shall fully describe to theowner any deviations fro
44、m the requirements of 7.1. Thedescriptions of modified or special designs shall include thewall thickness, the concrete strength, and the area, type,placement, number of layers, and strength of the steel rein-forcement.7.2.3 The manufacturer shall submit to the owner proof ofthe adequacy of the prop
45、osed modified or special design. Suchproof may comprise the submission of certified three-edge-bearing tests already made, which are acceptable to the owneror, if such three-edge-bearing tests are not available or accept-able, the manufacturer may be required to perform proof testson sizes and class
46、es selected by the owner to demonstrate theadequacy of the proposed design.TABLE 2 Design Requirements for Class II Reinforced Concrete PipeANOTE 1See Section 5 for basis of acceptance specified by owner.The strength test requirements in newtons per linear metre of pipe under the three-edge-bearing
47、method shall be either the D-load (test-load expressedin newtons per linear metre per millimetre of diameter) to produce the 0.3-mm crack, or the D-loads to produce the 0.3-mm crack and the ultimate loadas specified below, multiplied by the internal diameter of the pipe in millimetres.D-load to prod
48、uce a 0.3 mm crack 50.0D-load to produce the ultimate load 75.0InternalDesignatedDiameter,mmReinforcement, cm2/linear m of pipe wallWall A Wall B Wall CConcrete Strength, 27.6 MPa Concrete Strength, 27.6 MPa Concrete Strength, 27.6 MPaWallThick-ness,mmCircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCWa
49、llThickness,mmCircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementBEllipticalReinforcementCInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCage300 44 1.5D. . 50 1.5D. . 69 1.5D. .375 47 1.5D. . 57 1.5D. . 75 1.5D. .450 50 1.5D. 1.5 63 1.5D. 1.5D82 1.5D. 1.5D525 57 2.5 . . . 2.1 69 1.5D. 1.5D88 1.5D. 1.5D600 63 2.8 . . . 2.3 75 1.5D. 1.5D94 1.5D. 1.5D675 66 3.2 . . . 2.8 82 2.8 . . . 2.3 100 1.5D. 1.5D750 69 3.2 . . . 3.0 88 3.0 . . . 2.5 106 1.5D. 1.5D825 72 3.4 . . . 3.2 94 3.2 . . . 2.8 113 1.5D. 1.5D900 75 3.0 1.8 3.2 100E
