1、Designation: C76M 18C76M 18aStandard Specification forReinforced Concrete Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe(Metric)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C76M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the ye
2、ar of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers
3、 reinforced concrete pipe intended to be used for the conveyance of sewage, industrial wastes, andstorm water, and for the construction of culverts.1.2 This specification is the SI companion to Specification C76; therefore, no inch-pound equivalents are presented in thisspecification. Reinforced con
4、crete pipe that conform to the requirements of C76 are acceptable under this Specification C76Munless prohibited by the Owner.NOTE 1This specification is a manufacturing and purchase specification only, and does not include requirements for bedding, backfill, or therelationship between field load co
5、ndition and the strength classification of pipe. However, experience has shown that the successful performance of thisproduct depends upon the proper selection of the class of pipe, type of bedding and backfill, controlled manufacture in the plant, and care and installationconforms to the constructi
6、on specifications. The owner of the reinforced concrete pipe specified herein is cautioned that he must correlate the fieldrequirements with the class of pipe specified and provide inspection at the construction site.NOTE 2Attention is called to the specification for reinforced concrete D-load culve
7、rt, storm drain, and sewer pipe (ASTM Designation C655M).1.3 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issue
8、dby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural SteelA615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete ReinforcementA706/A706M Specification for Deformed
9、and Plain Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete ReinforcementA1064/A1064M Specification for Carbon-Steel Wire and Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for ConcreteC33/C33M Specification for Concrete AggregatesC150/C150M Specification for Portland CementC260/C260M Specification for Air-Entraini
10、ng Admixtures for ConcreteC309 Specification for Liquid Membrane-Forming Compounds for Curing ConcreteC443M Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe and Manholes, Using Rubber Gaskets (Metric)C494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for ConcreteC497M Test Methods for Concrete Pipe, Manhole
11、 Sections, or Tile (Metric)C595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC655M Specification for Reinforced Concrete D-Load Culvert, Storm Drain, and Sewer Pipe (Metric)C822 Terminology Relating to Co
12、ncrete Pipe and Related ProductsC989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C13 on Concrete Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C13.02 on Reinforced Sewerand Culvert Pipe.Current edition ap
13、proved April 1, 2018Oct. 1, 2018. Published April 2018October 2018. Originally approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 20162018 asC76M - 16.C76M - 18. DOI: 10.1520/C0076M-18.10.1520/C0076M-18A.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Se
14、rvice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previ
15、ous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.*A Summary of Chan
16、ges section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C990M Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe, Manholes, and Precast Box Sections Using Preformed Flexible Joint Sealants(Metric)C1017/C
17、1017M Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Use in Producing Flowing ConcreteC1116/C1116M Specification for Fiber-Reinforced ConcreteC1602/C1602M Specification for Mixing Water Used in the Production of Hydraulic Cement ConcreteC1628 Specification for Joints for Concrete Gravity Flow Sewer Pipe,
18、 Using Rubber Gaskets3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms relating to concrete pipe, see Terminology C822.4. Classification4.1 Pipe manufactured in accordance with this specification shall be of five classes identified as Class I, Class II, Class III, ClassIV, and Class V. The corre
19、sponding strength requirements are prescribed in Tables 1-5.5. Basis of Acceptance5.1 Unless otherwise designated by the owner at the time of, or before placing an order, there are two separate and alternativebases of acceptance. Independent of the method of acceptance, the pipe shall be designed to
20、 meet both the 0.01-in. crack andultimate strength requirements specified in Tables 1-5.5.1.1 Acceptance on the Basis of Plant Load-Bearing Tests, Material Tests, and Inspection of Manufactured Pipe for VisualDefects and ImperfectionsAcceptability of the pipe in all diameters and classes produced in
21、 accordance with 7.1 or 7.2 shall bedetermined by the results of the three-edge bearing tests as defined in 11.3.1; by such material tests as are required in 6.2, 6.3, 6.5and 6.6; by an absorption test of the concrete from the wall of the pipe as required in 11.9; and by visual inspection of the fin
22、ishedpipe to determine its conformance with the accepted design and its freedom from defects.5.1.2 Acceptance on the Basis of Material Test and Inspection of Manufactured Pipe for Defects and ImperfectionsAcceptability of the pipe in all diameters and classes produced in accordance with 7.1 or 7.2 s
23、hall be determined by the resultsof such material tests as are required in 6.2, 6.3, 6.5 and 6.6; by crushing tests on concrete cores or cured concrete cylinders; byan absorption test of the concrete from the wall of the pipe for each mix design that is used on an order; and by inspection of thefini
24、shed pipe including amount and placement of reinforcement to determine its conformance with the accepted design and itsfreedom from defects.5.1.3 When agreed upon between the owner and manufacturer, any portion or any combination of the tests itemized in 5.1.1 or5.1.2 may form the basis of acceptanc
25、e.5.2 Age for AcceptancePipe shall be considered ready for acceptance when it conforms to the requirements as indicated bythe specified tests.NOTE 1The total reinforcement area of the inner circular cage and the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage in Tables1-5.NO
26、TE 2The total reinforcement area of the outer circular cage and the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the outer cage in Tables1-5.FIG. 1 Triple Cage ReinforcementC76M 18a26. Materials6.1 Reinforced ConcreteThe reinforced concrete shall consist of cementitious materials, miner
27、al aggregates, water, andadmixtures, if any, in which steel has been embedded in such a manner that the steel and concrete act together.6.2 Cementitious Materials:6.2.1 CementCement shall conform to the requirements for portland cement of Specification C150/C150M or shall beportland blast-furnace sl
28、ag cement, portland-limestone cement, or portland-pozzolan cement conforming to the requirements ofSpecification C595/C595M, except that the pozzolan constituent in the Type IP portland-pozzolan cement shall be fly ash.6.2.2 Slag CementSlag cement shall conform to the requirements of Grade 100 or 12
29、0 of Specification C989/C989M.6.2.3 Fly AshFly ash shall conform to the requirements of Class F or Class C of Specification C618.6.2.4 Allowable Combinations of Cementitious MaterialsThe combination of cementitious materials used in the concrete shallbe one of the following:6.2.4.1 Portland cement o
30、nly,6.2.4.2 Portland blast-furnace slag cement only,6.2.4.3 Portland-pozzolan cement only,6.2.4.4 Portland-limestone cement only,6.2.4.5 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement and slag cement,6.2.4.6 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement and fly ash,6.2
31、.4.7 A combination of portland cement or portland-limestone cement, slag cement, and fly ash, or6.2.4.8 A combination of portland-pozzolan cement and fly ash.6.3 AggregatesAggregates shall conform to Specification C33/C33M except that the requirement for gradation shall not apply.6.4 AdmixturesThe f
32、ollowing admixtures and blends are allowable:6.4.1 Air-entraining admixture conforming to Specification C260/C260M;TABLE 1 Design Requirements for Class I Reinforced Concrete PipeANOTE 1See Section 5 for basis of acceptance specified by owner.The strength test requirements in newtons per linear metr
33、e of pipe under the three-edge-bearing method shall be either the D-load (test load expressedin newtons per linear metre per millimetre of diameter) to produce the 0.3-mm crack, or the D-loads to produce the 0.3-mm crack and the ultimate loadas specified below, multiplied by the internal diameter of
34、 the pipe in millimetres.D-load to produce a 0.3 mm crack 40.0D-load to produce the ultimate load 60.0InternalDesignatedDiameter,mmReinforcement, cm2/linear m of pipe wallWall A Wall BConcrete Strength, 27.6 MPa Concrete Strength, 27.6 MPaWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementB EllipticalReinforcemen
35、tCWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementB EllipticalReinforcementCInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCage1500 125 5.3 3.2 5.9 150 4.4 2.6 4.91650 138 6.4 3.8 7.0 163 5.3 3.2 5.91800 150 7.4 4.4 8.3 175 6.1 3.7 6.81950 163 8.5 5.1 9.3 188 6.8 4.1 7.62100 175 9.5 5.7 10.6 200 7.8 4.7 8.72250 188 10.4 6.2
36、11.4 213 8.7 5.2 9.72400 200 11.4 6.8 12.7 225 9.7 5.8 10.8Concrete Strength, 34.5 MPa2550 213 13.3 8.0 Inner CircularPlus Elliptical 5.38.0 238 11.4 6.8 Inner CircularPlus Elliptical 4.66.82700 225 14.4 8.6 Inner CircularPlus Elliptical 5.88.6 250 12.9 7.7 Inner CircularPlus Elliptical 5.27.72850 A
37、 . . . . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . . . . . . . .3000 A . . . . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . . . . . . . .3150 A . . . . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . . . . . . . .3300 A . . . . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . . . . . . . .3450 A . . . . . . . . . . . . A . . . . . . . . . . . .3600 A . . . . . . . . . .
38、 . . A . . . . . . . . . . . .A For modified or special designs, see 7.2 or with the permission of the owner utilize the provisions of Specification C655M. Steel areas may be interpolated betweenthose shown for variations in diameter, loading, or wall thickness. Pipe over 2400 mm in diameter shall h
39、ave two circular cages or an inner circular plus one elliptical cage.B As an alternative to designs requiring both inner and outer circular cages the reinforcement may be positioned and proportioned in either of the following manners:An inner circular cage plus an elliptical cage such that the area
40、of the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the outer cage in the table and the total areaof the inner circular cage plus the elliptical cage shall not be less than that specified for the inner cage in the table,An inner and outer cage plus quadrant mats in accordance with Fig.
41、2, orAn inner and outer cage plus an elliptical cage in accordance with Fig. 1.C Elliptical and quadrant steel must be held in place by means of holding rods, chairs, or other positive means throughout the entire casting operation.C76M 18a36.4.2 Chemical admixture conforming to Specification C494/C4
42、94M;6.4.3 Chemical admixture for use in producing flowing concrete conforming to Specification C1017/C1017M; and6.4.4 Chemical admixture or blend approved by the owner.6.5 Steel ReinforcementReinforcement shall consist of wire and welded wire conforming to Specification A1064/A1064M, orof bars confo
43、rming to Specification A36/A36M, Specification A615/A615M Grade 280 or 420, or Specification A706/A706MGrade 420. For helically wound cages only, weld shear tests are not required.6.6 FibersSynthetic fibers and nonsynthetic fibers shall be allowed to be used, at the manufacturers option, in concrete
44、 pipeas a nonstructural manufacturing material. Synthetic fibers (Type II and Type III) and nonsynthetic fiber (Type I) designed andmanufactured specifically for use in concrete and conforming to the requirements of Specification C1116/C1116M shall beaccepted.TABLE 2 Design Requirements for Class II
45、 Reinforced Concrete PipeANOTE 1See Section 5 for basis of acceptance specified by owner.The strength test requirements in newtons per linear metre of pipe under the three-edge-bearing method shall be either the D-load (test-load expressedin newtons per linear metre per millimetre of diameter) to pr
46、oduce the 0.3-mm crack, or the D-loads to produce the 0.3-mm crack and the ultimate loadas specified below, multiplied by the internal diameter of the pipe in millimetres.D-load to produce a 0.3 mm crack 50.0D-load to produce the ultimate load 75.0InternalDesignatedDiameter,mmReinforcement, cm2/line
47、ar m of pipe wallWall A Wall B Wall CConcrete Strength, 27.6 MPa Concrete Strength, 27.6 MPa Concrete Strength, 27.6 MPaWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementB EllipticalReinforcementCWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementB EllipticalReinforcementCWallThickness,mmCircularReinforcementB EllipticalReinf
48、orcementCInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCageInnerCageOuterCage300 44 1.5D . . . . . . 50 1.5D . . . . . . 69 1.5D . . . . . .375 47 1.5D . . . . . . 57 1.5D . . . . . . 75 1.5D . . . . . .450 50 1.5D . . . 1.5 63 1.5D . . . 1.5D 82 1.5D . . . 1.5D525 57 2.5 . . . 2.1 69 1.5D . . . 1.5D 88 1.5D . .
49、. 1.5D600 63 2.8 . . . 2.3 75 1.5D . . . 1.5D 94 1.5D . . . 1.5D675 66 3.2 . . . 2.8 82 2.8 . . . 2.3 100 1.5D . . . 1.5D750 69 3.2 . . . 3.0 88 3.0 . . . 2.5 106 1.5D . . . 1.5D825 72 3.4 . . . 3.2 94 3.2 . . . 2.8 113 1.5D . . . 1.5D900 75 3.0 1.8 3.2 100E 2.5 1.5 2.8 119E 1.5 1.5 1.71050 88 3.4 2.0 3.8 113 3.2 1.9 3.6 132 2.1 1.5 2.31200 100 4.5 2.7 4.9 125 3.8 2.3 4.2 144 3.0 1.8 3.21350 113 5.3 3.2 5.9 138 4.7 2.8 5.1 157 3.6 2.2 4.01500 125 6.4 3.8 7.0 150 5.3 3.2 5.9 169 4.7 2.8 5.11650 138 7.4 4.4 8.3 163 6.6 4.0 7.2 182 5.3 3.2 5.91800 150 8.7 5.2 9.5
