1、Designation: C845 04C845/C845M 12Standard Specification forExpansive Hydraulic Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C845;C845/C845M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A
2、 number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers hydraulic cements that expand during the early hardening period after setting.1.2 The values stated in eithe
3、r SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.2. Referenced
4、Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C33 Specification for Concrete AggregatesC109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube Specimens)C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic CementC183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of Hy
5、draulic CementC185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement MortarC188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic CementC465 Specification for Processing Additions for Use in the Manufacture of Hydraulic CementsC688 Specification for Functional Additions for Use in Hydraulic CementsC806 Test Method
6、 for Restrained Expansion of Expansive Cement MortarC807 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Cement Mortar by Modified Vicat Needle3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 expansive cement (K)an expansive cement containing anhydrous calcium aluminosulfate (4CaO3Al2 O3SO3), calciumsulfate, and un
7、combined calcium oxide.3.1.2 expansive cement (M)an expansive cement containing calcium aluminate cement and calcium sulfate.3.1.3 expansive cement (S)an expansive cement containing tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and calcium sulfate.3.1.4 expansive hydraulic cementa cement composed essentially of hydrau
8、lic calcium silicates, calcium aluminates andcalcium sulfates, which, upon being mixed with water, forms a paste that increases significantly in volume during the earlyhardening period occurring after setting. This volume increase is due principally to the reaction of the calcium aluminates andcalci
9、um sulfates.3.1.5 shrinkage-compensating concreteconcrete that is internally restrained with resilient reinforcing and made withexpansive cement which induces both compressive stress in the concrete and positive steel strain that approximately off-sets tensilestresses and negative strains induced by
10、 drying shrinkage.4. Classification4.1 The cement covered by this specification is suitable for use in shrinkage-compensating concrete and shall be designated asType E-1.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C0
11、1.13 on Special Cements.Current edition approved July 1, 2004Dec. 15, 2012. Published July 2004February 2013. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 19962004 asC84596.04. DOI: 10.1520/C0845-04.10.1520/C0845-12.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.or
12、g, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what change
13、s have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the officia
14、l document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1NOTE 1Three kinds of expansive cement are identified in Section 3 by the letters K, M, and S. The appropriate letter should be used as a suffix tothe type designation when one
15、 of these kinds is desired. Expansive cement may also be prepared in other ways.5. Ordering Information5.1 When it is desired that an optional requirement apply or that the cement be of a particular kind, a specific request to thiseffect should be made by the purchaser.6. Chemical Composition6.1 Exp
16、ansive cement shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 1.6.2 The purchaser has the option of specifying that the alkalies (Na2O + 0.658K2O) shall not exceed 0.60 % (See Table 2).NOTE 2This limit should be specified when the cement is to be used in concrete wit
17、h aggregates that may be reactive. Reference should be madeto Specification C33 for suitable criteria of deleterious reactivity.7. Physical Properties7.1 Expansive cement shall conform to the physical requirements prescribed in Table 3.8. Additions8.1 The cement covered by this specification shall c
18、ontain no additions except as follows:8.1.1 Water, or a functional addition, or both, that has been shown to meet the requirements of Specification C688, may be addedin amounts such that the limits shown in Table 1 for loss on ignition shall not be exceeded.8.1.2 At the option of the manufacturer, p
19、rocessing additions may be used in the manufacture of the cement, provided suchmaterials in the amounts used have been shown to be not harmful in accordance with Specification C465.9. Test Methods9.1 The cement shall be sampled and the properties enumerated in this specification shall be determined
20、in accordance with thefollowing methods:9.1.1 SamplingPractice C183.9.1.2 Chemical AnalysisTest Methods C114.9.1.3 Time of SettingTest Method C807.9.1.4 Air ContentTest Method C185, using the actual specific gravity of the cement if it differs from 3.15 by more than 0.05in calculating the air conten
21、t.9.1.5 Restrained Expansion of MortarTest Method C806.9.1.6 Compressive StrengthTest Method C109/C109M, except that a water-cement ratio of 0.500 shall be used, the specimensshall be covered with a polyethylene sheet or other suitable material for preventing loss or gain of moisture at the surface
22、of thespecimens during the moist storage period in the molds, and the specimens shall remain in the molds for 3 days.9.1.7 DensityTest Method C188.10. Inspection10.1 Every facility shall be provided the purchaser for careful inspection and sampling of the finished cement. The finishedcement may be i
23、nspected and sampled either at the mill or at the site of the work, as may be specified by the purchaser. Thefollowing periods from time of sampling shall be allowed for completion of testing:7-day test 12 days28-day test 33 days10.2 The manufacturer shall provide suitable facilities to enable the i
24、nspector to check the intergrinding or blending operationused to produce cement by either means. The plant facilities for intergrinding or blending and inspection shall be adequate toensure compliance with the provisions of this specification.11. Rejection11.1 The cement may be rejected if it fails
25、to meet any of the requirements of this specification.TABLE 1 Standard Chemical RequirementsComposition, %Magnesium oxide (MgO), max 6.0Insoluble residue, max 1.0Loss on ignition, max 4.0C845/C845M 12211.2 Cement remaining in bulk storage at the mill prior to shipment for a period greater than 6 mon
26、ths or cement in bags inlocal storage in the hands of a vendor for more than 3 months, after completion of the tests, may be retested for expansion andmay be rejected if it fails to conform to the requirements of this specification for expansion.11.3 Packages more than 2 % below the net weight marke
27、d thereon, may be rejected.Also, if the average net weight of packagesin any shipment, as shown by weighing 50 packages at random, is less than that marked on the packages, the entire shipment maybe rejected.12. Certification12.1 At the request of the purchaser, the manufacturer shall state in writi
28、ng the composition of a finished cement.12.2 The composition of any cement shall conform to that shown in the statement of the manufacturer within the followingtolerances:Tolerance, %Silicon dioxide (SiO2) 3Aluminum oxide (Al2O3) 2Calcium oxide (CaO) 312.3 At the request of the purchaser, the manufa
29、cturer shall state in writing the nature, amount, and identity of any processingor functional addition that may have been used. Also, if requested, the manufacturer shall supply test data showing compliance ofany processing addition with the provisions of Specification C465, and any functional addit
30、ion with the provisions of SpecificationC688.12.4 Upon request of the purchaser in the contract or order, a manufacturers certification that the material during productionwas tested in accordance with this specification together with a report of the test results shall be furnished at the time of shi
31、pment.13. Packaging and Package Marking13.1 When the cement is delivered in packages, the words“ expansive cement,” the type, the kind (if the cement is one of thethree kinds defined in Section 3), the name and brand of the manufacturer, and the net weight shall be plainly marked on eachpackage. Sim
32、ilar information shall be provided in the shipping documents accompanying the shipment of packaged or bulk cement.All packages shall be in good condition at the time of inspection.14. Storage14.1 The cement shall be stored in a manner such as to permit easy access for proper inspection and identific
33、ation of eachshipment and in a suitable weathertight building that will protect the cement from dampness and minimize warehouse set.TABLE 2 Optional Chemical RequirementsAlkalies (Na2O + 0.658 K2O) max, % 0.60TABLE 3 Physical RequirementsTime of setting, min, minutes 75Air content, max, vol % 12.0Re
34、strained expansion of mortar:7-day expansion:min, % 0.04max, % 0.1028-day, percentage of 7-dayexpansion, max 115Compressive strength, min:7-day, psi(MPa) 2100(14.7)7-day, psi MPa 2100 1528-day, psi(MPa) 3500(24.5)28-day, psi MPa 3500 24C845/C845M 12315. Keywords15.1 calcium aluminate; calcium alumin
35、osulfate; calcium oxide; calcium silicate; calcium sulfate; cement; expansive; hydraulic;shrinkage-compensated; tricalcium aluminateASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard
36、 are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif n
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39、ed States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).C845/C845M 124
