1、Designation: C905 01 (Reapproved 2012)Standard Test Methods forApparent Density of Chemical-Resistant Mortars, Grouts,Monolithic Surfacings, and Polymer Concretes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C905; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal
2、adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover the procedures for determin-ing the uncured
3、 (wet) and conditioned (dry) densities of resin,silicate, silica, and sulfur-based chemical-resistant mortars,grouts, monolithic surfacings, and polymer concretes.1.2 Mold Method A outlines the molding procedure gener-ally used for systems containing aggregate less than 0.2 in. (5mm) in size. Mold M
4、ethod B covers the molding proceduregenerally used for systems containing aggregate from 0.2 to 0.4in. (10 mm) in size. Mold Method C is for systems containingaggregate larger than 0.4 in.1.3 Density Method I: Apparent Uncured Density of Resin,Silica, and Silicate MaterialsThis test method is not ap
5、pli-cable to sulfur materials.1.4 Density Method II: Apparent Conditioned Density ofResin and Sulfur-based MaterialsThis test method may beapplicable to silica or silicate materials if they are not water-sensitive.1.5 Density Method III: Apparent Conditioned Density ofSilica and Silicate Materials t
6、hat are Water Sensitive .1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafe
7、ty concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C470/C470M Specification for Mol
8、ds for Forming ConcreteTest Cylinders VerticallyC904 Terminology Relating to Chemical-Resistant Nonme-tallic MaterialsC1312 Practice for Making and Conditioning Chemical-Resistant Sulfur Polymer Cement Concrete Test Speci-mens in the Laboratory3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of terms us
9、ed in these testmethods, see Terminology C904.4. Significance and Use4.1 The results obtained by these test methods may be usedfor estimating purposes, as a means of checking on uniformityof a product, or even to help identify a specific product.5. Apparatus5.1 Balance for Determining Density , capa
10、ble of weighingthe specimen to four significant numbers. The balance shall beequipped with either a below-balance weighing hook or a “panstraddle” or similar support plus wire assembly basket or loopto allow for density determinations.5.2 Equipment for Mixing Resin, Silica, and SilicateMaterialsUse
11、a flat-bottom container of suitable size, pref-erably made of corrosion-resistant metal or porcelain, and atrowel havinga4to5in.(100 to 125 mm) blade.5.2.1 Equipment for Mixing Sulfur MaterialsUse a stain-less steel or cast iron pot for melting the material along with apower-driven revolving paddle
12、mixer.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C03 onChemical-Resistant Nonmetallic Materialsand are the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee C03.01 on Mortars and Carbon Brick.Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2012. Published September 2012. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last p
13、revious edition approved in 2006 as C905 01 (2006).DOI: 10.1520/C0905-01R12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onth
14、e ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15.3 Specimen Molds:5.3.1 Mold Method A These molds shall be right cylinders1 6132 in. (25 6 0.8 mm) in diameter by 1 6 in. high.5.3.1.1 The molds may be constructed in any
15、 manner thatwill allow formation of a test specimen of the desired size.Typical molds may consist of a 1-in. (25-mm) thick plasticsheet in which 1in. diameter, smooth-sided holes have beencut, and the bottom being a14 -in. (6-mm) thick, flat plasticsheet which can be attached by means of screws or b
16、olts.5.3.1.2 The molds may consist of sections of round plastictubing or pipe, 1 in. inside diameter and 1 in. long, havingsufficient wall thickness to be rigid and retain dimensionalstability during the molding operation, and a14-in. thick, flatplastic sheet on which one open end of each section ca
17、n berested. The tubing segment may be sealed with a material suchas caulking compound or stopcock grease. For most materials,it is satisfactory to simply seal one end of the tubing segmentwith strips of 2-in. (51-mm) wide masking tape.NOTE 1For use with sulfur mortars, an additional piece of flat pl
18、asticsheet at least18-in. (3-mm) thick, containing a14-in. (6-mm) hole and asection of plastic tubing or pipe 1 in. (25 mm) in diameter by 1 in. highare required. They are used to form a pouring gate and reservoir in thepreparation of sulfur mortar specimens.5.3.2 Mold Method B Molds for the 2 in. (
19、50 mm) cubespecimens shall be tight fitting and leakproof. The parts of themolds, when assembled, shall be positively held together. Themolds shall be made of metal not attacked by the material. Thesides of the molds shall be sufficiently rigid to preventspreading or warping. The interior faces of t
20、he molds shall bemanufactured to ensure plane surfaces with a permissiblevariation of 0.002 in. (0.05 mm). The distances betweenopposite faces shall be 2 6116 in. (50 6 1.6 mm). The heightof the molds, measured separately for each cube compartment,shall be 2 6116 in. The angle between adjacent inter
21、ior facesand between interior faces and top and bottom planes of themold shall be 90 6 0.5 measured at points slightly removedfrom the intersection of the faces.5.3.3 Mold Method C Molds shall be right cylinders madeof heavy gage metal or other rigid nonabsorbent material. Thecylinder diameter shall
22、 be at least four times the nominalmaximum aggregate size in the mix. The minimum cylinderdiameter shall be 2 in. (50 mm). The cylinder height shall betwo times the diameter. The plane of the rim of the mold shallbe at right angles to the axis within 0.5. The mold shall be atright angles to the axis
23、 within 0.5. The mold shall not varyfrom the prescribed diameter by more than116 in. (1.6 mm) norfrom the prescribed height by more than18 in. (3 mm). Moldsshall be provided with a flat base plate with a means forsecuring it to the mold at a right angle to the axis of thecylinder in the instance of
24、reusable metal molds. Single usemolds shall conform to Specification C470/C470M.NOTE 2The material from which the mold is constructed must bechemically inert and have anti-stick properties. Polyethylene,polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, and metal forms having either asintered coating of tetraf
25、luoroethylene or a suitable release agent compat-ible with the material being tested are satisfactory. Because of theirsuperior heat resistance, only trifluorochloroethylene and tetrafluoroeth-ylene mold release agents should be used with sulfur materials.5.4 Weighing Equipment for Mixing Materials,
26、 shall becapable of weighing to 60.3 % accuracy.6. Test Specimens6.1 Number of SpecimensFour specimens shall be pre-pared from the same mix.6.2 Resin, Silica, and Silicate MaterialsMix a sufficientamount of the components in the proportions and in the mannerspecified by the manufacturer of the mater
27、ials. All materialsshould be at 73 6 4F. Fill the molds one-half full. Removeany entrapped air by using a cutting and stabbing motion witha spatula or rounded-end rod. Fill the remainder of the mold,working down into the previously placed portion. Uponcompletion of the filling operation, the tops of
28、 the specimensshould extend slightly above the tops of the molds. Strike offthe excess material even with the top of the mold. Leave thespecimen in the mold until it has set sufficiently to allowremoval without danger of deformation or breakage.6.3 Sulfur Materials:6.3.1 Sulfur Mortars Slowly melt a
29、 minimum of 2 lb (900g) of material in a suitable container at a temperature of 265 to290F (130 to 145C) with constant agitation. Stir to lift andblend the aggregate without beating air into the melt. Place thepiece of plastic sheet containing the14-in. (6-mm) round holeover the open face of the mol
30、d with the hole centered on theface. On top of the piece of plastic sheet and surrounding thehole, place a section of plastic tubing or pipe 1 in. (25 mm) indiameter by 1 in. high. Pour the melted material through thehole into the mold and continue to pour until the section oftubing or pipe is compl
31、etely filled. The excess materialcontained in the hole in the plastic sheet acts as a reservoir tocompensate for the shrinkage of the material during cooling.Allow the specimen to remain in the mold until it hascompletely solidified.6.3.2 Sulfur Concrete Prepare specimens in accordancewith Practice
32、C1312.7. Calibration of Molds7.1 All molds used shall be calibrated for volume, prior touse in accordance with the following procedure:7.1.1 Weigh each mold to four significant numbers and thenfill the mold carefully, until it is even with the face of the mold,with distilled water at 73 6 1F (23 6 0
33、.5C) and reweigh tofour significant numbers. Calculate the volume of each mold tofour significant numbers as follows:V 5Wb2 Wa0.9975where:V = volume of mold, cm3,Wa= weight of unfilled mold, g,Wb= weight of mold filled with water, g, and0.9975 = density of water at 23C, g/cm3.8. Conditioning8.1 For
34、determination of the uncured density of anymaterial, no conditioning is necessary.8.2 For Determination of Conditioned Density:C905 01 (2012)28.2.1 Resin Materials In accordance with the manufactur-ers specifications, the test specimen shall not be demoldeduntil it has set sufficiently to allow remo
35、val without danger ofdeformation or breakage. Age the test specimens at 73 6 4F(23 6 2C) for a period of at least 7 days, including the curetime in the molds, before testing.8.2.2 Silicate and Silica Materials Follow 8.2.1, exceptthe relative humidity of the surrounding air shall be kept below80 %.
36、Some silicates may require covering during the curingperiod. After removal from the molds, acid-treat the specimensif required in accordance with the recommendations given bythe manufacturer. No other treatment shall be permitted.Record the method of treatment in the Report section underConditioning
37、 and Treatment.8.2.3 Sulfur Materials After filling the molds, allow thespecimens to remain in the molds until they are completelysolidified. Upon removal from the molds, file, grind, or sandthe surface of the specimens to remove the excess materialremaining at the pouring gate.Age the specimens for
38、 at least 24h, including the time in the mold.9. Procedure9.1 Density Method I Immediately after filling as de-scribed in Section 6, weigh the mold to four significantnumbers, and then calculate the uncured density of the testmaterial as follows:Du5Wm2 WaVwhere:Du= apparent uncured density, g/cm3,Wm
39、= weight of mold plus material, g,Wa= weight of unfilled mold, g, andV = volume of mold, cm3.9.2 Density Method II:9.2.1 Determination of Conditioned WeightWeigh theconditioned specimens to four significant numbers.9.2.2 Determination of Suspended WeightAttach the wireassembly to the below-balance o
40、r pan-support hook so that thebasket or loop which will hold the specimen is completelyimmersed in water (Note 3) to the same depth as is used whenthe specimens are in place. Tare the balance and place thespecimen in the basket or loop. Remove adhering air bubblesfrom the specimen with a fine wire a
41、nd weigh to foursignificant numbers (Note 4). Calculate the conditioned densityof the test specimen as follows:Dc50.9975 SS 2 Iwhere:Dc= apparent conditioned density, g/cm3,S = weight of specimen in air, g, andI = weight of specimen immersed in water, g.NOTE 3Use distilled water at 73 6 1F (23 6 0.5
42、C).NOTE 4If the suspended weight cannot be obtained due to a porousspecimen absorbing liquid rapidly, the density should be obtained bymeasuring the dimensions of the specimen to obtain volume.9.3 Density Method III:9.3.1 Determination of Conditioned WeightWeigh theconditioned specimens to four sign
43、ificant numbers.9.3.2 Determination of Suspended WeightAttach the wireassembly to the below-balance or pan-support hook so that thebasket or loop that will hold the specimen is completelyimmersed in xylene (Note 5) to the same depth as is used whenthe specimens are in place. Tare the balance and pla
44、ce thespecimen in the basket or loop. Remove adhering air bubblesfrom the specimen with a fine wire and weigh to foursignificant numbers (Note 4). Calculate the conditioned densityof the test specimen as follows:Dc5dsSS 2 Iswhere:Dc= apparent conditioned density, g/cm3,S = weight of specimen, g,Is=
45、weight of specimen in xylene (or of solvent used ifother than xylene), g, andds= density of xylene (or of solvent used if other thanxylene), g/cm3.NOTE 5The density of commercial xylene is approximately 0.870g/cm3. Any suitable solvent that does not affect the integrity of thespecimen may be used in
46、 place of xylene. When making the densitycalculations, be sure to use the density for the actual solvent used in theprocedure.10. Report10.1 Report the following information:10.1.1 Complete material identification,10.1.2 Mixing ratio,10.1.3 Conditioning and treatment,10.1.4 Density Method(s) I, II,
47、or III,10.1.5 Mold Method(s) A, B, or C,10.1.6 Specimen Dimensions for Method C, and10.1.7 Individual and averaged density results in lb/ft3(g/cm3).11. Precision and Bias11.1 Test specimens that are manifestly faulty or that givedensity values differing by more than 2 % from the averagevalue of all
48、specimens made from the same sample materialand tested in the same series shall not be considered indetermining the average density. If after discarding outlyingvalues, there are less than three density values remaining forthe determination of the average density, the entire test shall berepeated.12
49、. Keywords12.1 apparent density; brick mortars; chemical-resistant;density; machinery grouts; monolithic surfacings; polymerconcrete; resin materials; silicate materials; sulfur materials;tile groutsC905 01 (2012)3ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own res
