1、Designation: C913 08C913 16Standard Specification forPrecast Concrete Water and Wastewater Structures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C913; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the recommended d
3、esign requirements and manufacturing practices for monolithic or sectionalprecast concrete water and wastewater structures with the exception of concrete pipe, box culverts, utility structures, septic tanks,grease interceptor tanks, and items included under the scope of Specification C478.NOTE 1Wate
4、r and wastewater structures are defined as solar heating reservoirs, cisterns, holding tanks, leaching tanks, extended aeration tanks, wetwells, pumping stations, distribution boxes, oil-water separators, treatment plants, manure pits, catch basins, drop inlets, and similar structures.NOTE 2Insulati
5、onInstallation and sealant requirements should receive special consideration due to special features of the application.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A82
6、/A82M Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete Reinforcement (Withdrawn 2013)3A184/A184M Specification for Welded Deformed Steel Bar Mats for Concrete ReinforcementA185/A185M Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement, Plain, for Concrete (Withdrawn 2013)3A416/A416M Specification for
7、 Low-Relaxation, Seven-Wire Steel Strand for Prestressed ConcreteA421/A421M Specification for Stress-Relieved Steel Wire for Prestressed ConcreteA496/A496M Specification for Steel Wire, Deformed, for Concrete Reinforcement (Withdrawn 2013)3A497/A497M Specification for Steel Welded Wire Reinforcement
8、, Deformed, for Concrete (Withdrawn 2013)3A615/A615M Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars for Concrete ReinforcementA616/A616MA706/A706M Specification for Rail-Steel Deformed and Plain Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement(Withdrawn 1999)A617/A617MA1064 Specification for
9、Axle-Steel Deformed and Plain Bars for Concrete ReinforcementCarbon-Steel Wire andWelded Wire Reinforcement, Plain and Deformed, for Concrete (Withdrawn 1999)A706/A706M Specification for Deformed and Plain Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete ReinforcementC33 Specification for Concrete AggregatesC39/C3
10、9M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete SpecimensC94/C94M Specification for Ready-Mixed ConcreteC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete AggregatesC150 Specification for Portland CementC173 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Meth
11、odC231 Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure MethodC260 Specification for Air-Entraining Admixtures for ConcreteC330 Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural ConcreteC478 Specification for Circular Precast Reinforced Concrete Manhole SectionsC494/C494M
12、Specification for Chemical Admixtures for ConcreteC595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic Cements1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C27 on Precast Concrete Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C27.30 on Waterand Wastewater Containers.Current editio
13、n approved Jan. 15, 2008July 1, 2016. Published February 2008July 2016. Originally approved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 20072008 asC913 07a.C913 08. DOI: 10.1520/C0913-08. 10.1520/C0913-16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Ser
14、vice at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previo
15、us version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM Inte
16、rnational, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1C618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC685/C685M Specification for Concrete Made by Volumetric Batching and Continuous MixingC890 Practice for Minimum
17、Structural Design Loading for Monolithic or Sectional Precast Concrete Water and WastewaterStructuresC990 Specification for Joints for Concrete Pipe, Manholes, and Precast Box Sections Using Preformed Flexible Joint SealantsC1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement2.2 American Concrete In
18、stitute Standard:ACI 318 Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete32.3 Federal Specification:SS-S-210A Sealing Compound, Preformed Plastic, for Expansion Joints and Pipe Joints43. Ordering Information3.1 Unless otherwise designated by the purchaser before placing an order, a structure desig
19、ned in accordance with Section 5 ofthis specification and found to satisfactorily meet the requirements imposed when tested and inspected as described herein shallbe acceptable. The test of materials as required shall be done in accordance with applicable ASTM International standards.Inspection, whe
20、n required, shall include checks on fabrication and placing of reinforcement and concrete in accordance withapproved design drawings.4. Materials4.1 Cementitious Materials:4.1.1 CementCement shall conform to the requirements for Portlandportland cement of Specification C150, hydraulic cementSpecific
21、ation C1157, or shall be Portlandportland blast-furnace slag cement or Portland-pozzolanportland-pozzolan cementconforming to the requirements of Specification C595, except that the pozzolan constituent in the Type IP Portland-pozzolanportland-pozzolan cement shall be fly ash.4.1.2 Fly AshFly ash sh
22、all conform to the requirements of Specification C618, Class F or Class C.4.1.3 Ground Granulated BlastFurnace slag (GGBFS0-GGBFS) shall conform to the requirements of Grade 100 or 120 ofSpecification C890.4.1.4 Allowable Combinations of Cementitious MaterialThe combination of cementitious materials
23、 used in concrete shall beone of the following:4.1.4.1 Portland cement only;4.1.4.2 Portland blast furnace slag cement only;4.1.4.3 Slag-modified Portlandportland cement only;4.1.4.4 Portland-pozzolan cement only;4.1.4.5 A combination of Portlandportland cement and fly ash;4.1.4.6 A combination of P
24、ortlandportland cement and ground granulated blast-furnace slag; and4.1.4.7 A combination of Portlandportland cement, ground granulated blast-furnace slag (not to exceed 25 % of the totalcementitious weight), and fly ash (not to exceed 25 % of the total cemenetitiouscementitious weight.4.2 Aggregate
25、sAggregates shall conform to Specification C33 and lightweight aggregates shall conform to SpecificationC330, except that the requirements for grading shall not apply.4.3 WaterWater used in mixing concrete shall be clean and free of injurious amounts of oils, acids, alkalis, salts, organicmaterials,
26、 or other substances incompatible with concrete or steel.4.4 AdmixturesAdmixtures shall conform to Specification C494/C494M or C618 and shall not be injurious to other productsused in the concrete.4.4.1 Air-Entraining AdmixturesAir-entraining admixtures conforming to Specification C260 shall be used
27、 when there is arisk that the concrete may be exposed to freeze-thaw cycles. The concrete mixture shall contain 5.5 6 1.5 % air by volume asdetermined by Test Method C231 or C173.4.5 Steel ReinforcementSteel reinforcement shall conform to Specification A82/A82MA1064 or ; A496/A496M for wire;Specific
28、ation A185/A185M or A497/A497M for wire fabric; Specifications A416/A416M and A421/A421M for prestressed wireand strand; or Specification A184/A184M, A615/A615M, A616/A616M, A617/A617M, or A706/A706M for bars.5. Design Requirements5.1 Design MethodThe method of structural design of reinforced concre
29、te as outlined in the ACI 318 Building Code shall beused to design the concrete sections, including the reinforcement required, when the structure is subjected to the loading conditionscovered in Practice C890. Design requirements in excess of these specifications shall be identified by the purchase
30、r.3 Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, Farmington Hills, MI 48333-9094, http:/www.aci-int.org.4 Available from Standardization Documents, Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094. Attn: NPODS.C913 1625.1.1 Alternative Method to Desig
31、nAn alternative method to the design of a structure is acceptable, with the permission ofthe purchaser, by performing required performance tests on the completed structure to confirm adequate strength.5.2 Access OpeningsThe structural design shall take into consideration the number, placement, and s
32、ize of access openings.5.3 FloorsThe minimum floor thickness resulting from slope shall be considered as nominal floor thickness in the structure.5.4 Knockouts and SumpsKnockouts and sumps shall be designed to carry the loads imposed upon them. The basic structureshall be designed to carry all impos
33、ed loads with knockouts removed.5.5 Placement of ReinforcementThe minimum concrete cover for reinforcing bars, mats, or fabric shall not be less than 1 in.(25 mm) for water retaining structures and 34 in. (19 mm) for other structures subject to the provisions of Section 7.5.6 Concrete StrengthThe mi
34、nimum compressive strength (fc) for design shall be 4000 psi (28 MPa) at 28 days of age.5.7 JointsWhere required, sealed joints in sectional precast concrete structures shall be of such a design to preventunacceptable leakage when used with a sealant (Note 3) approved by the purchaser and acceptable
35、 to the manufacturer. The criteriafor unacceptable leakage will be determined by the purchasers specifications. Where potable water is involved, caution advisesselecting a sealant that will not contaminate the water for its intended purposes.NOTE 3Refer to Specification C990 or Federal Specification
36、 SS-S-210A for guidance.5.8 Lifting DevicesDesign of embedded lifting devices shall conform to requirements as specified in 8.4 under SpecialLoading Considerations of Practice C890.6. Manufacture6.1 MixtureThe aggregates, cement, and water shall be proportioned and mixed to produce a homogeneous con
37、crete meetingthe requirements of this specification, and in accordance with Specification C94/C94M or C685/C685M.6.2 FormsThe forms used in manufacture shall be sufficiently rigid and accurate to maintain the dimensions of the structurewithin the tolerances given in Section 7. All casting surfaces s
38、hall be of smooth nonporous material. Form releasing agents usedshall not be injurious to the concrete.6.3 ReinforcementReinforcement must be securely tied or welded (as allowed by the design) in place to maintain positionduring concrete placing operations. Where specified all chairs, bolsters, brac
39、es, and spacers in contact with forms shall have acorrosion-resistant surface.6.3.1 Flexural reinforcing steel shall not exceed spacing of 12 in. (30.5 cm) center to center.6.4 Concrete PlacementConcrete shall be placed in the forms at a rate such that the concrete is plastic at all times andconsoli
40、dates in all parts of the form and around all reinforcement steel and embedded fixtures without segregation of materials.6.5 CuringThe precast concrete sections shall be cured by any method or combination of methods that will develop thespecified compressive strength at 28 days or less.6.6 Concrete
41、QualityThe quality of the concrete shall be in accordance with the chapter on concrete quality of ACI 318,current edition, except for frequency of tests, which shall be specified by the purchaser. Concrete strength tests shall be conductedin accordance with Test Method C39/C39M.6.6.1 Water-Cementiti
42、ous RatioConcrete that will be exposed to freezing and thawing shall contain entrained air and shallhave water-cementitious ratios of 0.45 or less. Concrete that will not be exposed to freezing but that is required to be watertightshall have a water-cementitious ratio of 0.48 or less if the concrete
43、 is exposed to fresh water. For corrosion protection, reinforcedconcrete exposed to deicer salts, brackish water, or seawater shall have water-cementitious ratio of 0.40 or less.7. Tolerances7.1 Dimensional TolerancesThe length, width, height, or diameter measurements of the structure when measured
44、on the insidesurface shall not deviate from the design dimensions more than the following:Dimension Tolerance0 to 5 ft (0 to 1.5 m) 14 in. (6 mm)5 to 10 ft (1.5 to 3.0 m) 38 in. (10 mm)10 to 20 ft (3.0 to 6.1 m) 12 in. (13 mm)20 ft (6.1 m) and over as agreed upon betweenmanufacturer and purchaser7.2
45、 Squareness ToleranceThe inside of the rectangular precast concrete component shall be square as determined by diagonalmeasurements. The difference between such measurements shall not exceed:Measured Length Allowable Difference0 to 10 ft (0 to 3.0 m) 12 in. (13 mm)10 to 20 ft (3.0 to 6.1 m) 34 in. (
46、19 mm)20 ft (6.1 m) and over as agreed upon betweenmanufacturer and purchaser7.3 Joint SurfacesThe following joint tolerances for water retaining structures shall apply:C913 1637.3.1 Flexible JointThe inside joint seam gap between two sections placed together before a joint sealant is applied shall
47、notexceed 38 in. (10 mm).7.3.2 Grout JointThe opening to be grouted in a groupgrout joint shall not exceed 1 in. (25 mm).7.4 Reinforcement LocationWith reference to thickness of wall or slab, reinforcement shall be within 614 in. (6 mm) of thedesign location, but in no case shall the cover be less t
48、han 1 in. (25 mm) for water-retaining structures and 34 in. (19 mm) fornonwater-retaining structures. The varations in reinforcement spacing shall not be more than one tenth of the designed bar spacingnor exceed 112 in. (38 mm). The total number of bars shall not be less than that computed using the
49、 design spacing.7.5 Slab and Wall ThicknessThe slab and wall thickness shall be uniform and shall not be less than that shown in the designby more than 5 % or 38 in. (10 mm), whichever is greater. A thickness greater than that required in the design shall not be a causefor rejection.8. Repairs8.1 Repairs shall be performed by the manufacturer in a manner to ensure that the repaired structure will conform to therequirements of this specification.9. Rejection9.1 Precast concrete structures or sections of structures shall be
