1、Designation: C921 10 (Reapproved 2015)Standard Practice forDetermining the Properties of Jacketing Materials forThermal Insulation1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C921; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revi
2、sion, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This practice
3、covers jackets applied over thermal insu-lation on piping and equipment, including materials appliedsolely for physical protection, and materials applied as vaporretarders.1.2 This practice provides material and physicalrequirements, or both, for jackets. Guidance in selecting theproper jacket for a
4、 given application can be found in GuideC1423.1.3 This practice does not cover field applied mastics orbarrier coatings and their attendant reinforcements, nor does itcover jackets for buried insulation systems.1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given
5、 in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish ap
6、pro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for PressureVessels and for General Applications
7、A336/A336M Specification for Alloy Steel Forgings forPressure and High-Temperature PartsA653/A653M Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated(Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed)by the Hot-Dip ProcessA792/A792M Specification for Steel Sheet, 55 %Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated by the Hot-
8、Dip ProcessB209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloySheet and PlateC168 Terminology Relating to Thermal InsulationC390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of ThermalInsulation LotsC921 Practice for Determining the Properties of JacketingMaterials for Thermal InsulationC1258 Test Method for
9、 Elevated Temperature and HumidityResistance of Vapor Retarders for InsulationC1263 Test Method for Thermal Integrity of Flexible WaterVapor RetardersC1338 Test Method for Determining Fungi Resistance ofInsulation Materials and FacingsC1423 Guide for Selecting Jacketing Materials for ThermalInsulati
10、onD774/D774M Test Method for Bursting Strength of Paper(Withdrawn 2010)3D828 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Paper andPaperboard Using Constant-Rate-of-ElongationApparatus(Withdrawn 2009)3D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin PlasticSheetingD1204 Test Method for Linear Dimensional Ch
11、anges ofNonrigid Thermoplastic Sheeting or Film at ElevatedTemperatureE84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics ofBuilding MaterialsE96/E96M Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission ofMaterials2.2 TAPPI Standards:T461 Flame Resistance of Treated Paper and Paperboard41This practice is unde
12、r the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on ThermalInsulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.33 on InsulationFinishes and Moisture.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2015. Published October 2015. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C92110. DOI:1
13、0.1520/C0921-10R15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this histori
14、cal standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI),15 Technology Parkway South, Suite 115, Peachtree Corners, GA 30092, http:/www.tappi.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 1942
15、8-2959. United States13. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions in Terminology C168 apply toterms used in this practice, including the word jacket, which isdefined as “a form of facing applied over insulation.“ Incommon use, the terms jacket and jacketing shall be consideredinterchangeable.4. Classif
16、ication4.1 Type ISemi-rigid, for physical abuse resistance, physi-cal support, and finish.4.1.1 Grade 1: Aluminum sheet metal,4.1.2 Grade 2: Stainless steel sheet metal,4.1.3 Grade 3: Coated steel sheet metal, and,4.1.4 Grade 4: Plastic sheet.4.2 Type II: Flexible for vapor retardance, or physicalsu
17、pport or finish combination thereof.4.2.1 Grade 1: Laminated multi-layer,4.2.1.1 Class A: Below ambient application; extremely lowpermeance,4.2.1.2 Class B: Below ambient application; very lowpermeance,4.2.1.3 Class C: Below ambient application; lowpermeance, and4.2.1.4 Class D: Above ambient applic
18、ation; no vapor re-tarder needed,4.3 Grade 3: Fabric4.3.1 No grades; support only, vapor retarder properties notapplicable.4.4 Grade 4: Plastic film4.4.1 Class A: Below ambient application; extremely lowpermeance,4.4.2 Class B: Below ambient application; very lowpermeance,4.4.3 Class C: Below ambien
19、t application; low permeance,and4.4.4 Class D:Above ambient application; no vapor retarderneeded.5. Significance and Use5.1 Jackets provide one or more of three basic functionswhen applied over thermal insulation:5.1.1 Physical protection, in the form of abuse resistanceand added structural integrit
20、y or support for the insulatingmedium.5.1.2 Resistance to moisture vapor intrusion into the insu-lating medium in those applications where ambient and oper-ating temperatures create a vapor driving force toward the cold(insulated) surface.5.1.3 Exposed finish for the insulation5.2 Type I semi-rigid
21、jackets, in the form of metallic orheavy gauge plastic sheet, are used over insulation on piping orequipment to provide high abuse resistance. In this case, thematerial is also referred to as a protective jacket.5.3 The vapor retarding Type II flexible jacket (Grades 1and 2, Classes A, B, and C) is
22、used by itself in below ambientservice applications not requiring high abuse resistance. Inthose cases where high abuse resistance is required, it isapplied to the insulation prior to installation of a protectivejacket.5.4 The non vapor-retarding Type II flexible jacket (Grades1 and 2, class D) is u
23、sed by itself in above ambient serviceapplications not requiring high abuse resistance. It may also beused for support of the insulation prior to installation of aprotective jacket in above ambient applications requiring highabuse resistance.5.5 Since semi-rigid protective jackets do not perform ava
24、por retarder function, and flexible jackets do not providehigh abuse resistance, the various materials categorized hereinare commonly used in combination, but not interchangeably.5.6 Vapor-retarding properties are not necessary for systemsoperating above ambient.5.7 In applications where there is a
25、need to reduce surfaceemittance, non-metallic jacket, or painted, or film coveredmetal jacket may be specified.5.8 For direct outdoor exposure, certain Type I jackets maybe used. UV resistance is an important consideration with theGrade 4 materials. Consult with the manufacturer for recom-mendations
26、 on suitability for these applications.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Jackets shall be composed of a single material or alamination of several components. The material shall be in theform of rolls or sheets or performed to fit the surface to whichthey are to be applied. The materials may be applied
27、 in the fieldor may be a factory-applied composite with the insulation.6.2 Type I - Semi-rigid Protective:6.2.1 Semi-rigid jackets consist of metal jackets (Grades1,2, and 3) and heavy gauge plastic jackets (Grade 4).6.2.2 Metal jackets are those whose primary material (usu-ally the component of gre
28、atest thickness) is metal, such asaluminum alloy, stainless steel, or aluminum - zinc alloy coatedsteel sheet. Depending upon the metal, it may be available in asmooth mill finish, corrugated, embossed, painted or coveredwith a laminated, protective film. The inner surface (that side incontact with
29、the insulation) is usually coated or covered withcorrosion inhibiting film.6.2.3 Aluminum Alloy jackets are commonly manufacturedto Specification B209, Type 3003, 3004, 3104, 3105, 5005,5052, or 1100. Aluminum temper ranges from half hardthrough full hard. Thicknesses generally available are 0.010 t
30、o0.063 in. (0.25 to 1.60 mm) nominal.6.2.4 Stainless steel jackets are manufactured to Specifica-tion A240/A240M, Type 301, 302, 304, or 316 stainless.Thicknesses generally available are from 0.010 to 0.032 in.(0.25 to 0.81 mm) nominal.6.2.5 Coated steel jackets are manufactured to requirementsin Sp
31、ecifications A336/A336M, A653/A653M,orA792/A792M as appropriate. Thickness generally available is 0.016in. (0.41 mm) nominal. Other thicknesses shall be available asagreed upon between purchaser and seller.6.2.6 Heavy gauge plastic Type I, Grade 4 jackets aremanufactured in plastic films or sheet wi
32、th materials such asC921 10 (2015)2Polyvinylchloride (PVC) and Polyvinylidenechloride (PVdC)and are available in various thicknesses.6.3 Type II - Flexible:6.3.1 Type II, Grade 1 jackets are made of any of a numberof different combinations of films, foils, cloths, papers andreinforcements.6.3.2 Type
33、 II, Grade 3 jackets include, but are not limited to,cotton canvas (typically 4, 6, or 8 oz/sq. yd. (0.14, 0.20, or 0.27kg/sq. m), woven glass fiber yarns, pre-sized glass cloth, andknit, woven, or non-woven synthetic fibers.6.3.3 Type II, Grade 4 jackets are manufactured from any ofa number of diff
34、erent plastic materials, ranging from soft andflexible to hard and rigid. These materials include, but are notlimited to: polyvinylchloride, polyvinylfluoride, acrylic, andpolyvinylidenechloride. Thicknesses vary with the type ofmaterial and must be appropriate to the intended application.7. Materia
35、l and Physical Requirements7.1 Type I Semi-rigid Protective Jackets:7.1.1 7.1.1 Material properties for semi-rigid jackets areshown in Table 1.7.2 Type II Flexible Jackets:7.2.1 Physical property requirements that vary by Class orGrade are shown in Table 2. Common requirements for Type IIjackets are
36、 specified in this section.7.2.2 All jackets shall demonstrate a maximum flame spreadof 25 and smoke developed of 50 when tested on theservice-exposed side for Surface Burning Characteristics(SBC), when tested in accordance with 10.4.7.2.3 Jackets which contain paper or other absorbent mate-rials sh
37、all not demonstrate an increase in char length of morethan 20 % when tested for flame retardance permanence inaccordance with 10.5.7.2.4 All jackets shall not corrode, delaminate nor showpermeance higher than the maximum for the class, when testedfor elevated temperature and humidity resistance in a
38、ccordancewith 10.8.7.2.5 All jackets shall not exhibit growth of fungus, or mold,when tested for fungi resistance in accordance with 10.7.7.2.6 All jackets shall not crack or delaminate when testedfor thermal integrity at the maximum service exposure tem-perature of the jacket in accordance with 10.
39、9.8. Dimensions and Tolerances8.1 Dimensions for roll or sheeted materials shall be asspecified by the purchaser.8.2 Except for metal jackets, tolerance for roll materialsshall be 618 in. (63 mm) on width and +5,-0 % on length8.3 Except for metal jackets, tolerance for roll materialsshall be 618 in.
40、 (63 mm) on length and width.TABLE 1 Physical Properties for Type I JacketsTYPE I JACKETS GRADE 1AluminumGRADE 2Stainless SteelGRADE 3Coated SteelGRADE 4Plasticthickness in. (mm) 0.0060.050(0.151.27)0.0100.032(0.0250.81)0.016(0.41)0.0100.040(0.251.00)Outside finishoption 1 smooth smooth smoothoption
41、 2 corrugated corrugated corrugated matteoption 3 embossed embossed embossed glossoption 4 painted painted painted coloredoption 5 laminate laminate laminateCorrosion Inhibiting Coatingsoption 1 kraft/PE kraft/PE kraft/PEn/aoption 2 ionomer ionomer ionomeroption 3 coating coating coatingAvailable Me
42、tal Alloysof Plastic Polymer Type3003, 3004,3105, 3104,5005, 5052,1100301, 302,304, 3161010, 1015,1020PVCPVdCTABLE 2 Physical Properties for Type II JacketsTYPE II JACKETS GRADE 1LaminatedGRADE 3FabricGRADE 4PlasticACLASS APermeanceperms, maxng PA sm,max0.010.58. 0.010.58CLASS BPermeanceperms, maxng
43、 PA sm,max0.021.15. 0.021.15CLASS CPermeanceperms, maxng PA sm,max0.052.90. 0.052.90CLASS D nopermeancerequirement. . .TensileStrengthlbs/in width,min.N/mm width,min.305.3305.371.2BurstStrength,minpsi(kPa)55(380)55(380)60(411)DimensionalChangepercent max 0.50 0.50 1.0AGRADE 2 was deleted in 2010 bec
44、ause the material was no longer produced andwas replaced with GRADE 4.C921 10 (2015)38.4 Tolerances for metal jackets shall be as called out inSpecifications B209 or A240/A240M, as applicable to mate-rial.9. Workmanship and Finish9.1 There shall be no defects in materials or workmanshipthat will adv
45、ersely affect the required performance of thejacket.9.2 There shall be no defects that adversely affect theappearance of the jacket.9.3 There shall be no defects that would affect the ability ofthe user to process material.10. Test Methods10.1 Permeance: Test in accordance with Test MethodsE96/E96M,
46、 (desiccant method at 73F (23C) and 50 % RH)10.2 Tensile Strength:10.2.1 Test the tensile strength of plastic film jackets (TypeII, Grade 2) in accordance with Test Method D882, with resultsreported in pounds per inch width of specimen width (Newtonsper millimeter width).10.2.2 Test the tensile stre
47、ngth of all other jackets inaccordance with Test Method D828, with results reported inpounds per inch of specimen width (Newtons per millimeterwidth).10.2.2.1 Tested specimens shall be 2 in. (51 mm) width with1 in. (25 mm) between jaws.10.3 Burst StrengthTest in accordance with Test MethodD774/D774M
48、.10.4 Surface Burning CharacteristicsTest in accordancewith Test Method E84, D828.10.5 Flame Retardance PermanenceTest in accordancewith TAPPI T461.10.6 Dimensional StabilityTest in accordance with TestMethod D1204.10.6.1 Expose the specimens to a temperature of 150 6 4F(66 6 2C) for 24 h.10.7 Fungi
49、 ResistanceTest in accordance with TestMethod C1338.10.7.1 Test both sides of laminated products that use dis-similar materials, except metal foil need not be tested.10.7.2 Test either side of plastic film materials.10.7.3 Test three specimens of the selected sample andinspect for growth on any of the three.10.8 Elevated Temperature and Humidity ResistanceTestin accordance with Test Method C1258. Low-TemperatureResistance.10.9 Thermal IntegrityTest in accordance with TestMethod C1263.11. Sampling11.1 Inspection and qualification shall be in accordance withPrac
