1、Designation: C938 16Standard Practice forProportioning Grout Mixtures for Preplaced-AggregateConcrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C938; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi
2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope*1.1 This practice describes the laboratory procedure forselecting proportions for grout mixtures required in the pro-duction of prep
3、laced-aggregate (PA) concrete.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of t
4、his standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC150/C150M Specification for Portland CementC185 Test Me
5、thod for Air Content of Hydraulic CementMortarC219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC618 Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or CalcinedNatural Pozzolan for Use in ConcreteC637 Specification for Aggregates for Radiation-ShieldingConcreteC937 Specification for Grout Fluidifier for Preplaced
6、-Aggregate ConcreteC939/C939M Test Method for Flow of Grout for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete (Flow Cone Method)C940 Test Method for Expansion and Bleeding of FreshlyMixed Grouts for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in theLaboratoryC941 Test Method for Water Retentivity of Grout Mixturesfor Preplaced-Agg
7、regate Concrete in the LaboratoryC942 Test Method for Compressive Strength of Grouts forPreplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the LaboratoryC943 Practice for Making Test Cylinders and Prisms forDetermining Strength and Density of Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete in the Laboratory3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:
8、3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, referto Terminologies C125 and C219.4. Summary of Practice4.1 Grouts at fluid consistency are prepared from one ormore mixtures of cement, pozzolan, fine aggregate, groutfluidifier, with or without other chemical admixtures, andwater, and test
9、ed to determine:4.1.1 The properties of the grout, and4.1.2 The properties of PA concrete made with the groutwhen the grout is intended for such use.4.2 The procedure and equipment required for mixing thisgrout are prescribed in this practice.5. Significance and Use5.1 This practice provides a stand
10、ard procedure for selectingproportions for mixtures of grout to be used at fluid consistencyin the production of PA concrete meeting applicable criteria forstrength, density, and other properties.5.2 This practice is also useful for determining the compo-sition of grout mixed at fluid consistency an
11、d meeting specifiedrequirements for filling voids, cavities, and spaces in rock,foundations, and concrete structures.6. Apparatus6.1 Mixer, constructed as shown in Fig. 1. The three mixerblades shall be made of steel plate, 3-mm thick, with a 100- by125-mm elliptical shape. Each blade shall have two
12、 25- by75-mm slots centered on the major axis, and shall be welded tothe shaft at an angle of approximately 23 with the horizontalin such a way as to force grout to the bottom of the mixer1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concreteand Concrete Aggregates and is the dir
13、ect responsibility of Subcommittee C09.41on Hydraulic Cement Grouts.Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2016. Published March 2016. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C93810. DOI:10.1520/C0938-16.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
14、contact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, We
15、st Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1during rotation. The mixer blades shall be powered to rotate atapproximately 275 r/min under load.6.2 Scales or Balance, accurate to within 0.3 % of the testmass at any point within range of use.6.3 Jaw Caliper, capable of measuring up to 300 mm with are
16、solution of at least 0.1 mm.7. Materials7.1 Materials for test purposes, except mixing water, shallmeet the following requirements unless otherwise specified inproject documents:7.1.1 Portland cement, Specification C150/C150M, nonair-entraining,7.1.2 Pozzolan, if used, Specification C618,7.1.3 Fluid
17、ifier, Specification C937, and7.1.4 Fine aggregate, Specification C637, Table number 2,Grading 1 for relative density under 3.0 and Grading 2 forspecific activity 3.0 or heavier.7.2 Where grout is being proportioned for use on a specificproject, materials for test purposes shall be from and represen
18、-tative of the same source or type and description as will be usedor is being considered for use on the project.7.3 Mixing water, if clean and potable, is acceptable fornormal test purposes.8. Sampling8.1 Samples of mixed grout for testing shall be representa-tive of the batch from which they are dr
19、awn.8.2 Agitation of the batch shall be continuous until allsamples required from that batch have been drawn.8.3 Grout in the mixer shall not be retempered by theaddition of water. If mixing water is added in increments toadjust fluidity, a new batch shall be prepared for testing.8.4 Samples shall b
20、e drawn for testing in the followingorder: (1) consistency, (2) expansion and bleeding, and (3),other requirements.9. Conditioning9.1 Maintain laboratory at and bring all grout materials to23.0 6 2.0C unless otherwise specified.10. Procedure10.1 Prebatch grout ingredients by mass to provide a batchv
21、olume after mixing of approximately 0.03 m3.10.2 The first trial mixture, unless otherwise specified, shallcontain equal parts, by mass, of cementitious material and fineaggregate, fluidifier in amount 1 % mass of cementitiousmaterial, unless otherwise recommended by manufacturer, andsufficient wate
22、r to produce a flow of 21 6 2 s. The cementitiousmaterial shall consist of two parts of portland cement to onepart of pozzolan by mass.10.3 In subsequent trial mixtures, the proportions of mate-rials shall be varied as needed to satisfy design criteria.Adjusted mixtures may contain a cementitious ra
23、tio of portlandcement to pozzolan other than as stipulated for the first trialmixture.FIG. 1 Grout MixerC938 16210.4 Dampen the inside of the mixer drum, turn the mixeron and charge the ingredients within 2 min in the followingorder: (1) water, (2) fluidifier, (3) pozzolan (if used), (4)portland cem
24、ent, and (5) fine aggregate. After all materialshave been added, mix for 3 to 314 min.10.5 Determine the following fluid grout properties in theorder shown of each trial mixture:Property Test MethodFlow (time of efflux) C939/C939MExpansion and bleeding C940Water retentivity C941,ifrequiredDensity se
25、e 10.5.1Other as required10.5.1 Determine the density of the fluid grout using themeasure described in theApparatus section under “Measure” inTest Method C185. Pour the grout into a container, tap the sidelightly five times with a tapping stick as described in TestMethod C185, strike off, then measu
26、re mass.10.6 Determine the following hardened grout and PA con-crete properties:Property Test MethodCompressive strength of grout C942Compressive strength of PA concrete C943,ifrequiredDensity of grout see 10.6.1Density of PA concrete see 10.6.1,ifrequired10.6.1 To determine the density, D, of grout
27、 or PA concrete,measure mass, m, of the specimen to an accuracy of at least0.3%.10.6.1.1 CubesTake two measurements of each dimensionto the nearest 0.1 mm. Compute the volume, v, from averagemeasurements.10.6.1.2 PA CylindersTake measurements of two diam-eters at right angles at approximate mid-heig
28、ht. Measure thelength of the cylinder at opposite ends of a diameter. Make allmeasurements to the nearest 0.1 mm. Compute the volumefrom average measurements as follows:D 5 mv (1)11. Report11.1 For each mixture, including the final mixture, thefollowing shall be reported:11.1.1 Adescription of all m
29、aterials used including type andalkali content of portland cement, type of pozzolan, source andname of fluidifier, and sieve analysis and relative density offine and coarse aggregate.11.2 For each trial mixture the following fluid grout prop-erties shall be reported: (1) time of efflux, (2) expansio
30、n andfree water, (3) water retentivity (if required), (4) and otherspecified data.11.3 For final mixture(s) selected, the report shall includecompressive strength of grout at ages of 7, 28, and 90 days, anddensity unless otherwise required.11.4 For PA concrete cylinders, the report shall includecomp
31、ressive strengths at ages of 7, 28, and 90 days, anddensity unless otherwise required.12. Keywords12.1 concrete; grouts; pre-placed aggregateSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee C09 has identified the location of selected changes to this practice since the last issue, C93810,that may impact the use of this p
32、ractice. (Approved Feb. 1, 2016.)(1) Revised to SI only standard by removing inch poundinformational units.(2) Included description of jaw caliper.(3) Clarified descriptions of density terms throughout.ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in conn
33、ection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the respons
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35、onsideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 10
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