1、Designation: C 989 08Standard Specification forGround Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag for Use in Concreteand Mortars1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 989; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year
2、of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers three s
3、trength grades of finelyground granulated blast-furnace slag for use as a cementitiousmaterial in concrete and mortar.NOTE 1The material described in this specification may be used forblending with portland cement to produce a cement meeting the require-ments of Specification C 595 or as a separate
4、ingredient in concrete ormortar mixtures. The material may also be useful in a variety of specialgrouts and mortars, and when used with an appropriate activator, as theprincipal cementitious material in some applications.NOTE 2Information on technical aspects of the use of the materialdescribed in t
5、his specification is contained in Appendix X1, Appendix X2,and Appendix X3. More detailed information on that subject is containedin ACI 233R-03, formerly ACI 226.1R.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.1.3 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest metho
6、ds described in this specification. This standard doesnot purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any,associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of thisstandard to establish appropriate safety and health practicesand determine the applicability of regulatory limitations
7、priorto use.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotesthat provide explanatory information. These notes and foot-notes (excluding those in tables) shall not be considered asrequirements of this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C 109/C 109M Test Method for Compres
8、sive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of HydraulicCementC 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and ConcreteAggregatesC 150 Specification for Portland CementC 185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic CementMortarC 188
9、Test Method for Density of Hydraulic CementC 204 Test Methods for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement byAir-Permeability ApparatusC 430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement bythe 45-m (No. 325) SieveC 441 Test Method for Effectiveness of Pozzolans orGround Blast-Furnace Slag in Preventing Excessive
10、 Ex-pansion of Concrete Due to the Alkali-Silica ReactionC 452 Test Method for Potential Expansion of Portland-Cement Mortars Exposed to SulfateC 465 Specification for Processing Additions for Use in theManufacture of Hydraulic CementsC 595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC 1012 Test Meth
11、od for Length Change of Hydraulic-Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate SolutionD 3665 Practice for Random Sampling of ConstructionMaterials2.2 American Concrete Institute Reports:226.1R Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag as a Cemen-titious Constituent in Concrete3233R-03 Slag Cement in Concrete and
12、 Mortar33. Terminology3.1 Definition:3.1.1 blast-furnace slagthe nonmetallic product, consist-ing essentially of silicates and aluminosilicates of calcium andother bases that is developed in a molten condition simulta-neously with iron in a blast furnace (see Terminology C 125).3.2 Definitions of Te
13、rms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 granulated blast-furnace slagthe glassy granularmaterial formed when molten blast-furnace slag is rapidlychilled as by immersion in water (see Terminology C 125),1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates
14、 and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.27 on Ground Slag.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2008. Published January 2009. Originallyapproved in 1982. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C 989 06.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Cu
15、stomer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American Concrete Institute (ACI), P.O. Box 9094, FarmingtonHills, MI 48333.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of thi
16、s standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.with or without compositional adjustments made while theblast-furnace slag is molten.3.2.2 slaggranulated blast-furnace slag, as defined anddescribed in 3.1.1 and 3.2.1, and g
17、round to cement finenesswith or without additions meeting the requirements of thesection on additions.4. Classification4.1 Slag is classified by performance in the slag activity testin three grades: Grade 80, Grade 100, and Grade 120 (see Table1).5. Ordering Information5.1 The purchaser shall specif
18、y the grade slag desired andthe optional chemical or physical data to be reported.6. Additions6.1 The slag covered by this specification shall contain noadditions except as follows:6.1.1 When used, calcium sulfate shall be added in theamounts such that the limits in Table 2 for sulfur trioxide areno
19、t exceeded.6.1.2 When processing additions are used in the manufac-ture of the slag, the maximum amount used shall comply withthe requirements of Specification C 465 when tested using a50-50 blend by mass and the portland cement.7. Chemical Composition7.1 Slag shall conform to the chemical requireme
20、nts pre-scribed in Table 2.8. Physical Properties8.1 Slag shall conform to the physical requirements of Table1.9. Sampling9.1 The following sampling and testing procedures shall beused by the purchaser to verify compliance with this specifi-cation.NOTE 3Sulfur in granulated blast-furnace slag is pre
21、sent predomi-nantly as sulfide sulfur. In most cases, instrumental analyses, such as x-rayfluorescence, cannot differentiate sulfide sulfur from sulfate. Determineand report the sulfide sulfur content separately, and do not include it in theSO3calculations.9.2 Take random grab samples either from a
22、delivery unit orat some point in the loading or unloading process so that nosample represents more than 115 Mg (125 tons) (Note 4). Ifsamples are taken from rail cars or trucks, take at least twoseparate 2-kg (5-lb) portions and thoroughly mix them toobtain a test sample (Note 5). Sample by removing
23、 approxi-mately a 300-mm (12-in.) layer of slag. Make a hole beforeobtaining a sample to avoid dust collector material that hasdischarged into the delivery unit after the predominant slagflow has ceased. Sample at a rate of one sample per month orone sample for each 2300 Mg (2500 tons) of shipments,
24、whichever is more frequent.NOTE 4Standard statistical procedures are recommended for ensuringthat samples are selected by a random procedure; see Practice D 3665.These procedures can be used to select the days within a month or withina week that samples will be taken. The delivery unit or time of da
25、y thenshould be chosen randomly.NOTE 5The quantity of sample specified is more than adequate for thetesting required. A 2-kg (5-lb) portion should be retained in a sealedcontainer for retesting if that is considered necessary to verify compliance.10. Test Methods10.1 Slag-Activity Tests with Portlan
26、d Cement:10.1.1 Slag activity shall be evaluated by determining thecompressive strength of both portland-cement mortars andcorresponding mortars made with the same mass of 50-50 masscombinations of slag and portland cement. Appendix X1discusses the effects of cement, temperature, and amount ofslag u
27、sed on performance with portland cement.10.1.2 Reference CementThe portland cement used in theslag activity tests shall comply with the standard chemical andphysical requirements of Specification C 150, Type 1 or TypeII, and with the additional requirements of total alkali contentand compressive str
28、ength limits as shown in Table 3. Sufficientcement shall be reserved to avoid changing reference cementmore often than every two months. After the initial testing todetermine compliance with the compressive strength require-ment of Table 3, the reference cement shall be re-qualified atleast every si
29、x months.NOTE 6Different reference cements may produce different SlagActivity Index results.TABLE 1 Physical RequirementsItemFineness:amount retained when wet screened on a 45-m (No. 325)sieve, max %20Specific surface by air permeability, Test Methods C 204 shallbe determined and reported although n
30、o limits arerequired.Air Content of Slag Mortar, max % 12Average ofLast FiveConsecutiveSamplesAny IndividualSampleSlag Activity Index, min, %7-Day IndexGrade 80 . .Grade 100 75 70Grade 120 95 9028-Day IndexGrade 80 75 70Grade 100 95 90Grade 120 115 110TABLE 2 Chemical RequirementsSulfide sulfur (S),
31、 max, % 2.5Sulfate reported as SO3, max, % 4.0TABLE 3 Alkali and Strength Limits of Reference Cement forSlag Activity TestsTotal Alkalies (Na2O+0.658K2O) min % 0.60max % 0.90Compressive Strength, MPa, min, 28 daysA35 (5000 psi)AThe minimum strength limit is based solely on the strength of the Test M
32、ethodC 109/C 109M mortar cubes, as required in Specification C 150, regardless of thestrength of the flow-controlled Specification C 989 mortar cubes.C98908210.1.3 Preparation of SpecimensPrepare mortars in ac-cordance with Test Method C 109/C 109M, except that suffi-cient water shall be used in eac
33、h batch to produce a flow of1106 5 %. The proportions shall be as follows:Reference Cement Mortar:500 g portland cement1375 g graded standard sandSlag-Reference Cement Mortar:250 g portland cement250 g slag1375 g graded standard sand10.1.3.1 Mix a reference cement batch each day that aslag-reference
34、 cement batch is mixed until at least five batcheshave been mixed with the reference cement. Thereafter, refer-ence cement batches need not be mixed more often than oncea week whenever slag is being produced or shipped.10.1.4 Test AgesDetermine the compressive strength ofmortar specimens at 7 and 28
35、 days age in accordance with TestMethod C 109/C 109M.10.1.5 CalculationCalculate the slag activity index to thenearest percent for both 7 days and 28 days as follows:Slag activity index, % 5 SP/P! 3 100 (1)SP = average compressive strength of slag-reference ce-ment mortar cubes at designated ages, M
36、Pa (psi), andP = average compressive strength of reference cementmortar cubes at designated age, MPa (psi).The reference cement-mortar strength used to calculate aslag activity index shall, when a reference cement mortar ismixed on the same day as a slag-reference cement mortar, bethe result for tha
37、t batch. Otherwise, the average of tests of thefive most recent reference cement-mortar batches shall be used.10.1.6 ReportThe report should include the following:10.1.6.1 Slag activity index, %,10.1.6.2 Compressive strength at 7 and 28 days, of slag-reference cement mortar,10.1.6.3 Compressive stre
38、ngth at 7 and 28 days, of portlandcement mortar,10.1.6.4 Total alkalies of the reference cement(Na2O + 0.658 K2O),10.1.6.5 Fineness of reference cement, and10.1.6.6 Potential compound composition of the referenceportland cement.10.1.7 PrecisionThe following precision statements areapplicable when th
39、e slag activity index with portland cement isbased on results of tests of two cubes from single batches ofreference cement and 50-50 slag-reference cement mortarsmixed on the same day. They are applicable to the slag activityindex determined at 7 or 28 days.10.1.7.1 The single-laboratory coefficient
40、 of variation hasbeen found to be 4.1 %. Therefore, the slag activity indices ofproperly conducted tests based on single batches of mortarmixed on the same day should not differ by more than 11.6 %of their average.10.1.7.2 The multilaboratory coefficient of variation hasbeen found to be 5.7 %. There
41、fore, the slag activity indices ofproperly conducted tests of single batches by different labora-tories should not differ by more than 16.1 %.10.2 Slag DensityDetermine in accordance with TestMethod C 188.10.3 Amount of Slag Retained on a 45-m (No. 325)SieveDetermine in accordance with Test Method C
42、 430.10.4 Slag Fineness by Air PermeabilityDetermine inaccordance with Test Methods C 204.10.5 Sulfate Ion in Slag Reported as SO3Determine assulfur trioxide in accordance with Test Methods C114, exceptthe sample need not be completely decomposed by acid.10.6 Sulfide Sulfur in the SlagDetermine in a
43、ccordancewith Test Methods C114.10.7 Chloride Content of SlagDetermine in accordancewith Test Methods C114.10.8 Air Content of Slag MortarDetermine in accordancewith Test Method C 185, except use 350 g of slag instead ofcement in the standard mortar batch. Calculate using theappropriate density of t
44、he slag.11. Rejection and Rehearing11.1 The purchaser has the right to reject material that failsto conform to the requirements of this specification. Rejectionshall be reported to the producer or supplier promptly and inwriting. In case of dissatisfaction with the results of the tests,the producer
45、or supplier is not prohibited from making a claimfor retesting.NOTE 7In the event of a Slag Activity Index dispute, the purchasershould request a sample of the producers reference cement for retest.12. Certification12.1 When specified in the purchase order or contract, thepurchaser shall be furnishe
46、d certification that samples repre-senting each lot have been tested as directed in this specifica-tion and the specified requirements have been met. Whenspecified in the purchase order or contract, a report of the testresults shall be furnished.12.2 When specified in the purchase order or contract,
47、 testdata shall be furnished on the chloride ion content of the slag.13. Manufacturers Statement13.1 At the request of the purchaser, the manufacturer shallstate in writing the nature, amount, and identity of anyprocessing or other additions made to the slag.14. Package Marking and Shipping Informat
48、ion14.1 When the ground slag is delivered in packages, theclassification of slag, the name and brand of the manufacturer,and the weight of the slag contained therein shall be plainlymarked on each package. Similar information shall be providedin the shipping invoices accompanying the shipment of pac
49、k-aged or bulk slag. All packages shall be in good condition atthe time of inspection.15. Storage15.1 The slag shall be stored to permit easy access forproper inspection and identification of each shipment and in asuitable weather-tight building that will protect the slag fromdampness and minimize quality deterioration.C989083APPENDIXES(Nonmandatory Information)X1. CONTRIBUTION OF SLAG TO CONCRETE STRENGTHX1.1 When slag is used in concrete with portland cement,the levels and rate of strength development will dependimportantly on the properties of the
