ASTM D1043-2002 Standard Test Method for Stiffness Properties of Plastics as a Function of Temperature by Means of a Torsion Test《用扭转试验法测定温度对塑料强度变化的标准试验方法》.pdf
《ASTM D1043-2002 Standard Test Method for Stiffness Properties of Plastics as a Function of Temperature by Means of a Torsion Test《用扭转试验法测定温度对塑料强度变化的标准试验方法》.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《ASTM D1043-2002 Standard Test Method for Stiffness Properties of Plastics as a Function of Temperature by Means of a Torsion Test《用扭转试验法测定温度对塑料强度变化的标准试验方法》.pdf(12页珍藏版)》请在麦多课文档分享上搜索。
1、Designation: D 1043 02Standard Test Method forStiffness Properties of Plastics as a Function ofTemperature by Means of a Torsion Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1043; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of
2、 revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope *1.1 This test m
3、ethod covers the determination of the stiff-ness characteristics of plastics over a wide temperature rangeby direct measurement of the apparent modulus of rigidity.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This st
4、andard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE 1This test method is
5、not equivalent to ISO 458/1:1985 or ISO458/2:1985 and results cannot be directly compared between the twomethods.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing2D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics2D 747 Test Method for Apparent Bending
6、Modulus ofPlastics by Means of a Cantilever Beam2D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics2D 1053 Test Method for Rubber PropertyStiffening atLow Temperatures: Flexible Polymers and Coated Fab-rics3D 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Mate-rials4D 4066 Classification System for Nylon Inj
7、ection and Ex-trusion Materials4D 4805 Terminology for Plastics Standards53. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsFor definitions of the technical terms per-taining to plastics used in this test method, see TerminologyD 883 or Terminology D 4805.4. Significance and Use4.1 The property measured by this test is
8、the apparentmodulus of rigidity, G, sometimes called the apparent shearmodulus of elasticity. It is important to note that this propertyis not the same as the modulus of elasticity, E, measured intension, flexure, or compression. The relationship betweenthese properties is shown in Annex A1.4.2 The
9、measured modulus of rigidity is termed “apparent”since it is the value obtained by measuring the angulardeflection occurring when the specimen is subjected to anapplied torque. Since the specimen may be deflected beyond itselastic limit, the calculated value may not represent the truemodulus of rigi
10、dity within the elastic limit of the material. Inaddition, the value obtained by this test method will also beaffected by the creep characteristics of the material, since theload application time is arbitrarily fixed. For many materials,there may be a specification that requires the use of this test
11、method, but with some procedural modifications that takeprecedence when adhering to the specification. Therefore, it isadvisable to refer to that material specification before using thistest method. Table 1 in Classification D 4000 lists the currentASTM materials standards.4.3 This test method is us
12、eful for determining the relativechanges in stiffness over a wide range of temperatures.5. Apparatus5.1 Testing MachineA machine capable of exerting atorque sufficient to deflect a test specimen in the range of 5 to100 of arc, depending on the stiffness of the specimen and itsspan. A schematic diagr
13、am of a suitable machine is shown inFig. 1.NOTE 2Two machines of different torque capacities are being used:one covers the range of approximately 0.0113 to 0.113 Nm (0.1 to 1.0in.lbf) and the other of approximately 0.113 to 1.81 Nm (1.0 to 16 in.lbf)1This test method is under the jurisdiction of AST
14、M Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.Current edition approved April 10, 2002. Published June 2002. Originallypublished as D 1043 49. Last previous edition D 1043 99.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.3Annual Book of ASTM S
15、tandards, Vol 09.01.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.03.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.or higher. Some
16、 machines also allow varying the span, which is especiallyimportant if shearing failures can occur (as in laminates at a span/width of6).NOTE 3The amount of torque may be varied to suit the stiffness of thetest specimen, and various weights should be available for this purpose.The actual amount of t
17、orque being applied by any given combination ofweights, torque wheel radii, and shaft bearings should be determined bycalibration. The accuracy of the apparatus can be subject to change, andtherefore periodic calibration is necessary to ensure reliable test results.Testing machine calibration proced
18、ures are given in Annex A2 and AnnexA3.NOTE 4For operation at low temperatures the shaft of the machinemust be provided with a heated collar next to the lower bearing to preventthe formation of ice.5.2 Temperature Control:5.2.1 FlaskA Dewar flask of suitable dimensions.5.2.2 ThermometerA thermometer
19、 graduated in 1C divi-sions and having the necessary range. The bulb shall be locatedin close proximity to the test specimen. A digitalreadout RTDthermometer having an accuracy of 6 1C or better may beused.5.2.3 Timer, for controlling load application time.5.2.4 Heat-Transfer MediumFor normal labora
20、tory pur-poses, a substance that is liquid over the desired temperaturerange shall be used for the heat-transfer medium, provided ithas been shown that the liquid does not soften or otherwiseaffect the test specimen.NOTE 5Among the liquids found useful are acetone, ethanol, butanol,methanol, normal
21、hexane, silicone oil, and a mixture of methyl phosphateand water in the ratio of 87 to 13 by volume. For temperatures to 70C(94F), a mixture of 50 parts ethanol, 30 parts ethylene glycol, and 20parts water may be found useful.5.2.5 RefrigerationMeans shall be provided for coolingthe heat-transfer me
22、dium. This cooling can be by means of arefrigeration cooling coil built into the instrument and im-mersed in the Dewar flask of heat transfer fluid or by means ofa low temperature chamber in which Dewar flasks of heattransfer liquid are placed to pre-cool before starting the test.NOTE 6For time-effi
23、cient low-temperature use of the equipment,space for cooling enough containers of the heat-transfer medium for adays work is desirable. Depending on the temperature ranges involved,mechanical refrigeration or a dry-ice chest, or both, will be advantageous.5.2.6 HeaterA controlled electric immersion
24、heater in theDewar flask shall be used in conjunction with an agitator tovary the temperature.5.3 MicrometerA micrometer accurate to within 60.0025mm (60.0001 in.) or better shall be used for measuringspecimen thickness and width.5.4 Modifications to Testing Equipment The modifica-tions described in
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