1、Designation: D 113 99American Association StateHighway and Transportation Officials StandardAASHTO No.: T51Standard Test Method forDuctility of Bituminous Materials1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 113; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforigin
2、al adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Def
3、ense.1. Scope1.1 The ductility of a bituminous material is measured bythe distance to which it will elongate before breaking when twoends of a briquet specimen of the material, of the formdescribed in Section 4, are pulled apart at a specified speed andat a specified temperature. Unless otherwise sp
4、ecified, the testshall be made at a temperature of 25 6 0.5C and with a speedof 5 cm/min 6 5.0 %. At other temperatures the speed shouldbe specified.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this s
5、tandard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statementsfor Test Methods for Construction Materials2D 5 Test Method for Pe
6、netration of Bituminous Materials3D 1754 Test Method for Effects of Heat and Air on Asphal-tic Materials (Thin-Film Oven Test)3D 2872 Test Method for Effect of Heat and Air on a MovingFilm of Asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test)3E 1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers4E 11 Specification for Wire-Cl
7、oth Sieves for Testing Pur-poses53. Significance and Use3.1 This test method provides one measure of tensile prop-erties of bituminous materials and may be used to measureductility for specification requirements.4. Apparatus4.1 MoldThe mold shall be similar in design to thatshown in Fig. 1. The mold
8、 shall be made of brass, the ends band b8 being known as clips, and the parts a and a8 as sides ofthe mold. The dimensions of the assembled mold shall be asshown in Fig. 1 with the permissible variations indicated.4.2 Water BathThe water bath shall be maintained at thespecified test temperature, var
9、ying not more than 0.18F(0.1C) from this temperature. The volume of water shall benot less than 10 L, and the specimen shall be immersed to adepth of not less than 10 cm and shall be supported on aperforated shelf not less than 5 cm from the bottom of the bath.4.3 Testing Machine For pulling the bri
10、quet of bituminousmaterial apart, any apparatus may be used which is soconstructed that the specimen will be continuously immersedin water as specified in 5.3, while the two clips are pulled apartat a uniform speed, as specified, without undue vibration.4.4 Thermometer A thermometer having a range a
11、s shownbelow and conforming to the requirements prescribed inSpecification E 1 (Note 1).Temperature Range ASTM Thermometer No.8 to 32C 63CNOTE 1In those cases where the ductility specimens are aged in thestandard penetration bath at 25C, the thermometer as prescribed for TestMethod D 5 may be substi
12、tuted in place of the above.5. Procedure5.1 Assemble the mold on a brass plate. Thoroughly coat thesurface of the plate and interior surfaces of the sides a and a8,Fig. 1, of the mold with a thin layer of a mixture of glycerinand dextrin, talc, or kaolin (china clay) to prevent the materialunder tes
13、t from sticking. The plate upon which the mold isplaced shall be perfectly flat and level so that the bottomsurface of the mold will be in contact throughout. Carefullyheat the sample to prevent local overheating until it has becomesufficiently fluid to pour. Strain the melted sample through a300-m
14、sieve conforming to Specification E 11. After a thor-ough stirring, pour it into the mold. In filling the mold, takecare not to disarrange the parts and thus distort the briquet. Infilling, pour the material in a thin stream back and forth fromend to end of the mold until the mold is more than level
15、 full.Let the mold containing the material cool to room temperature1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-4 on Roadand Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.44 onRheological Tests.Current edition approved Jan. 10, 1999. Published May 1999. Ori
16、ginallypublished as D 113 21 T. Last previous edition D 113 86(1992).2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C7
17、00, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.for a period of from 30 to 40 min and then place it in the waterbath maintained at the specified temperature of test for 30 min;then cut off the excess bitumen with a hot straightedged puttyknife or spatula to make the mold just level full.5.2 Keep
18、ing Specimen at Standard TemperaturePlace thebrass plate and mold, with briquet specimen, in the water bathand keep at the specified temperature for a period of from 85to 95 min. Then remove the briquet from the plate, detach theside pieces, and immediately test the briquet.5.3 TestingAttach the rin
19、gs at each end of the clips to thepins or hooks in the testing machine and pull the two clips apartat a uniform speed as specified until the briquet ruptures. Avariation of 65 % from the speed specified will be permissible.Measure the distance in centimetres through which the clipshave been pulled t
20、o produce rupture. While the test is beingmade, the water in the tank of the testing machine shall coverthe specimen both above and below it by at least 2.5 cm andshall be kept continuously at the temperature specified within0.5C.6. Report6.1 A normal test is one in which the material between thetwo
21、 clips pulls out to a point or thread until rupture occurs atthe point where the thread has practically no cross-sectionalarea. Report the average of three normal tests as the ductility ofthe sample.6.2 If the bituminous material comes in contact with thesurface of the water or the bottom of the bat
22、h, the test shall notbe considered normal. Adjust the specific gravity of the bath bythe addition of either methyl alcohol or sodium chloride so thatthe bituminous material neither comes to the surface of thewater, nor touches the bottom of the bath at any time during thetest.6.3 If a normal test is
23、 not obtainable on three tests, report theductility as being unobtainable under the conditions of the test.7. Precision7.1 Criteria for judging the acceptability of ductility testresults at 25C obtained by this test method are shown in Fig.2.NOTE 2The precision statement for ductility, as presented
24、in Fig. 2, isbased on tests performed on asphalt cements. The precision of tests onresidues, such as those obtained by Test Methods D 1754 and D 2872,have not been established.NOTE 3The numbers plotted in Fig. 2 represent the (1S) and (D2S)limits for single operator precision and multilaboratory pre
25、cision asADistance between centers, 111.5 to 113.5 mm.BTotal length of briquet, 74.5 to 75.5 mm.CDistance between clips, 29.7 to 30.3 mm.DShoulder, 6.8 to 7.2 mm.ERadius, 15.75 to 16.25 mm.FWidth at minimum cross section, 9.9 to 10.1 mm.GWidth at mouth of clip, 19.8 to 20.2 mm.HDistance between cent
26、ers of radii, 42.9 to 43.1 mm.IHole diameter, 6.5 to 6.7 mm.JThickness, 9.9 to 10.1 mm.FIG. 1 Mold for Ductility Test SpecimenD113992described in Practice C 670.NOTE 4Insufficient data are available to properly define precision at15.6C. However, analysis of data resulting from tests by 13 laboratori
27、eson one asphalt for which the average ductility test result was 45 cm showsa multi-laboratory precision (D2S) of 23 cm.8. Keywords8.1 ductility; ductility mold; ductilometerASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mention
28、edin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and
29、 must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of
30、 theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box
31、C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).FIG. 2 Precision DataD113993
