1、Designation: D123 091Standard Terminology Relating toTextiles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D123; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates th
2、e year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEEditorial corrections were made in September 2010.1. Scope1.1 This standard is the compilation of all terminologydeveloped by Committee D13 on Textiles.1.1.1 This terminology,
3、consists mostly of definitions,which are specific to the textile industry. Meanings of the sameterms used outside the textile industry can be found in othercompilations or in dictionaries of general usage.1.1.2 The specific D13 subcommittee which has jurisdic-tional responsibility for every item is
4、the first attribution notedafter the definition. The standards in which the terms anddefinitions appear are listed by number after the jurisdiction forthe term. The wording of an entry cannot be changed withoutthe approval of the subcommittee which has jurisdiction andsubcommittee D13.92 on Terminol
5、ogy. See 1.2, 1.3, 1.4.1.2 In addition to being a specialized dictionary, Terminol-ogy D123 is also a tool for managing the committeesterminology. This includes finding, eliminating, and preventingredundancies, that is, where two or more terms relating thesame concept are defined in different words.
6、 Redundancies canalso occur when one definition is used for two or more terms.1.3 While the review for clarity and form are the responsi-bility of the terminology subcommittee, the concept of man-aging terminology is the broad responsibility of every writer ofstandards, specifically the task group l
7、eader and subcommitteechairman.1.4 Subsequent to a listing of specific subcommittee com-pilations, this standard is comprised of the following sectionsthat are listed in the order in which they appear.1.4.1 Alphabetical listing of terms and respective defini-tions.1.4.2 Ready reference guide.1.4.3 A
8、nnex A1 Generic names and definitions of manufac-tured fibers.1.4.4 Annex A2 Classification of manufactured and naturalfibers.1.4.5 Annex A3 Terms relating to the hand of fabrics.1.4.6 Annex A4 Terminology revision procedures.1.4.7 Annex A5 Industry accepted synonyms.1.4.8 Appendix X1 Other sources
9、of textile terminology.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D76 Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for TextilesD122 Tolerances for Tire Fabrics Other Than Tire CordFabric3D204 Test Methods for Sewing ThreadsD276 Test Methods for Identification of Fibers in TextilesD418 Methods of Testi
10、ng Pile Yarn Floor Covering Con-struction3D434 Test Method for Resistance to Slippage of Yarns inWoven Fabrics Using a Standard Seam3D461 Test Methods for Felt3D519 Test Method for Length of Fiber in Wool TopD578 Specification for Glass Fiber StrandsD579 Specification for Greige Woven Glass FabricsD
11、541 Specification for Single Jute Yarn3D580 Specification for Greige Woven Glass Tapes andWebbingsD581 Specification for Glass Fiber Greige Braided TubularSleevingD584 Test Method for Wool Content of Raw WoolLaboratory ScaleD629 Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of TextilesD737 Test Method for
12、Air Permeability of Textile FabricsD861 Practice for Use of the Tex System to DesignateLinear Density of Fibers, Yarn Intermediates, and YarnsD885 Test Methods for Tire Cords, Tire Cord Fabrics, andIndustrial Filament Yarns Made from ManufacturedOrganic-Base FibersD1059 Test Method for Yarn Number B
13、ased on Short-Length Specimens3D1060 Practice for Core Sampling of Raw Wool in Pack-ages for Determination of Percentage of Clean Wool FiberPresent1This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.92 on Terminology.Curren
14、t edition approved Jan. 15, 2009. Published March 2009. Originallyapproved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D123 07. DOI:10.1520/D0123-09E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of
15、ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Withdrawn. The last approved version of this historical standard is referencedon www.astm.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United
16、 States.D1113 Test Method for Vegetable Matter and Other Alkali-Insoluble Impurities in Scoured WoolD1117 Guide for Evaluating Nonwoven Fabrics3D1224 Test Methods for Zinc and Cadmium in Paper3D1230 Test Method for Flammability of Apparel Textiles3D1233 Specification for Twine Made for Bast and Leaf
17、Fiber3D1234 Test Method of Sampling and Testing Staple Lengthof Grease WoolD1244 Practice for Designation of Yarn ConstructionD1282 Test Method for Resistance to Airflow as an Indica-tion of Average Fiber Diameter of Wool Top, Card Sliver,and Scoured WoolD1283 Test Method for Alkali-Solubility of Wo
18、olsD1294 Test Method for Tensile Strength and BreakingTenacity of Wool Fiber Bundles 1-in. (25.4-mm) GageLengthD1319 Test Method for Hydrocarbon Types in LiquidPetroleum Products by Fluorescent Indicator AdsorptionD1334 Test Method for Wool Content of Raw WoolCommercial ScaleD1335 Test Method for Tu
19、ft Bind of Pile Yarn FloorCoveringsD1336 Test Method for Distortion ofYarn inWoven FabricsD1388 Test Method for Stiffness of FabricsD1418 Practice for Rubber and Rubber LaticesNomenclatureD1422 Test Method for Twist in Single Spun Yarns by theUntwist-Retwist MethodD1423 Test Method for Twist in Yarn
20、s by Direct-CountingD1424 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics byFalling-Pendulum (Elmendorf-Type) ApparatusD1425 Test Method for Unevenness of Textile StrandsUsing Capacitance Testing EquipmentD1440 Test Method for Length and Length Distribution ofCotton Fibers (Array Method)D1441 Practice f
21、or Sampling Cotton Fibers for TestingD1442 Test Method for Maturity of Cotton Fibers (SodiumHydroxide Swelling and Polarized Light Procedures)D1445 Test Method for Breaking Strength and Elongationof Cotton Fibers (Flat Bundle Method)D1447 Test Method for Length and Length Uniformity ofCotton Fibers
22、by Photoelectric MeasurementD1448 Test Method for Micronaire Reading of CottonFibersD1464 Test Method for Differential Dyeing Behavior ofCottonD1518 Test Method for Thermal Transmittance of TextileMaterialsD1574 Test Method for Extractable Matter in Wool andOther Animal FibersD1575 Test Method for F
23、iber Length of Wool in ScouredWool and in Card SliverD1576 Test Method for Moisture in Wool by Oven-DryingD1577 Test Methods for Linear Density of Textile FibersD1578 Test Method for Breaking Strength of Yarn in SkeinFormD1682 Methods of Test for Breaking Load and Elongationof Textile Fabrics3D1683
24、Test Method for Failure in Sewn Seams of WovenApparel FabricsD1684 Practice for Lighting Cotton Classing Rooms forColor GradingD1769 Method of Test for Linear Density of Cotton Fibers(Array Sample)3D1770 Test Method for Neps, Vegetable Matter, and Col-ored Fiber in Wool TopD1774 Test Methods for Bre
25、aking Load and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics3D1775 Test Method for Tension and Elongation of WideElastic Fabric3D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing TextilesD1777 Test Method for Thickness of Textile MaterialsD1871 Test Method for Adhesion Between Tire Bead Wireand RubberD1877 Method of Test f
26、or Permanence ofAdhesive-BondedJoints in Plywood Under Mold Conditions3D1907 Test Method for Linear Density of Yarn (YarnNumber) by the Skein MethodD1908 Test Method for Needle Related Damage Due toSewing in Woven Fabrics3D1909 Standard Table of Commercial Moisture Regains forTextile FibersD2050 Ter
27、minology Relating to SubassembliesD2101 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Man-Made Textile Fibers Taken From Yarns and TowsD2102 Test Method for Shrinkage of Textile Fibers (BundleTest)D2118 Practice for Assigning a Standard CommercialMoisture Content for Wool and its ProductsD2130 Test M
28、ethod for Diameter of Wool and OtherAnimal Fibers by MicroprojectionD2165 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Extracts of Wooland Similar Animal FibersD2229 Test Method forAdhesion Between Steel Tire Cordsand RubberD2252 Specification for Fineness of Types of AlpacaD2253 Test Method for Color of Raw Cotto
29、n Using theNickerson-Hunter Cotton Colorimeter3D2255 Test Method for Grading SpunYarns forAppearanceD2256 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Yarns by theSingle-Strand MethodD2257 Test Method for Extractable Matter in TextilesD2258 Practice for Sampling Yarn for TestingD2259 Test Method for Shrink
30、age of YarnsD2260 Tables of Conversion Factors and Equivalent YarnNumbers Measured in Various Numbering SystemsD2261 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Fabrics by theTongue (Single Rip) Procedure (Constant-Rate-of-Extension Tensile Testing Machine)D2262 Test Method for Tearing Strength of Woven Fab
31、ricsby the Tongue (Single Rip) Method (Constant-Rate-of-Traverse Tensile Testing Machine)3D2401 Methods of Test for Service Change of Appearanceof Pile Floor Coverings3D123 0912D2402 Test Method for Water Retention of Textile Fibers(Centrifuge Procedure)D2462 Test Method for Moisture in Wool by Dist
32、illationWith TolueneD2475 Specification for FeltD2480 Test Method for Maturity Index and Linear Densityof Cotton Fiber by the Causticaire Method3D2494 Test Method for Commercial Mass of a Shipment ofYarn or Manufactured Staple Fiber or TowD2495 Test Method for Moisture in Cotton by Oven-DryingD2496
33、Test Method for Seed Coat Fragments and Funiculiin Cotton Fiber Samples3D2497 Tolerances for Manufactured Organic-Base Fila-ment Single YarnsD2524 Test Method for Breaking Tenacity of Wool Fibers,Flat Bundle Method 18-in. (3.2-mm) Gage LengthD2525 Practice for Sampling Wool for MoistureD2594 Test Me
34、thod for Stretch Properties of Knitted Fab-rics Having Low PowerD2612 Test Method for Fiber Cohesion in Sliver and Top(Static Tests)D2644 Tolerances for Yarns Spun on the Woolen SystemD2645 Tolerances for Yarns Spun on the Cotton or WorstedSystemsD2646 Test Methods for Backing Fabric Characteristics
35、 ofPile Yarn Floor CoveringsD2654 Test Method for Moisture in Textiles3D2692 Test Method for Air Wicking of Tire Fabrics, TireCord Fabrics, Tire Cord, and YarnsD2720 Practice for Calculation of Commercial Weight andYield of Scoured Wool, Top, and Noil for Various Com-mercial CompositionsD2724 Test M
36、ethods for Bonded, Fused, and LaminatedApparel FabricsD2812 Test Method for Non-Lint Content of CottonD2816 Test Method for Cashmere Coarse-Hair Content inCashmereD2817 Specification for Maximum Cashmere Coarse-HairContent in CashmereD2859 Test Method for Ignition Characteristics of FinishedTextile
37、Floor Covering MaterialsD2905 Practice for Statements on Number of Specimens forTextiles3D2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias forTextiles3D2910 Method for Removal of Organic Matter from Waterby Activated Carbon Absorption3D2968 Test Method for Med and Kemp Fibers in Wool andOther Anim
38、al Fibers by MicroprojectionD2969 Test Methods for Steel Tire CordsD2970/D2970M Test Methods for Testing Tire Cords, TireCord Fabrics, and Industrial Yarns Made From GlassFilamentsD2974 Test Methods for Moisture,Ash, and Organic Matterof Peat and Other Organic SoilsD3025 Practice for Standardizing C
39、otton Fiber Test Resultsby Use of Calibration Cotton StandardsD3107 Test Methods for Stretch Properties of Fabrics Wo-ven from Stretch YarnsD3108 Test Method for Coefficient of Friction, Yarn toSolid MaterialD3135 Specification for Performance of Bonded, Fused,and Laminated Apparel FabricsD3136 Term
40、inology Relating to Care Labeling for Apparel,Textile, Home Furnishing, and Leather ProductsD3181 Guide for Conducting Wear Tests on TextilesD3217 Test Methods for Breaking Tenacity of Manufac-tured Textile Fibers in Loop or Knot ConfigurationsD3218 Specification for Polyolefin MonofilamentsD3219 Sp
41、ecification for Industrial Filament Yarns, TireCords, and Tire Cord Fabrics Made from Man-MadeOrganic Fibers3D3333 Practice for Sampling Manufactured Staple Fibers,Sliver, or Tow for TestingD3334 Method of Testing Fabrics Woven from PolyolefinMonofilaments3D3374 Specification for Vinyl-Coated Glass
42、YarnsD3412 Test Method for Coefficient of Friction,Yarn toYarnD3477 Performance Specification for Mens and BoysWoven Dress Shirt Fabrics3D3511 Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Re-lated Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Brush PillingTesterD3512 Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Oth
43、er Re-lated Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Random TumblePilling TesterD3513 Test Method for Overlength Fiber Content of Manu-factured Staple FiberD3514 Test Method for Pilling Resistance and Other Re-lated Surface Changes of Textile Fabrics: Elastomeric PadD3562 Performance Specification for Wo
44、ven DrycleanableCoat FabricsD3597 Performance Specification for Woven UpholsteryFabricsPlain, Tufted, or FlockedD3655 Performance Specification for Mens and WomensSliver Knitted Overcoat and Jacket FabricsD3656 Specification for Insect Screening and Louver ClothWoven fromVinyl-Coated Glass YarnsD365
45、9 Test Method for Flammability ofApparel Fabrics bySemi-Restraint Method3D3690 Performance Specification for Vinyl-Coated andUrethane-Coated Upholstery FabricsIndoorD3691 Performance Specification for Woven, Lace, andKnit Household Curtain and Drapery FabricsD3692 Practice for Selection of Zippers f
46、or Care-LabeledApparel and Household FurnishingsD3693 Specification for Labeled Length per Holder ofSewing ThreadD3773 Test Methods for Length of Woven FabricD3774 Test Method for Width of Textile FabricD3775 Test Method for Warp (End) and Filling (Pick)Count of Woven FabricsD3776 Test Methods for M
47、ass Per Unit Area (Weight) ofFabricD3777 Practice for Writing Specifications for Textiles3D123 0913D3778 Performance Specification for Womens and GirlsDrycleanable Woven Dress Coat Fabrics3D3779 Performance Specification for Womens and GirlsWoven Rainwear and All-Purpose, Water-Repellent CoatFabrics
48、3D3780 Performance Specification for Mens and BoysWoven Dress Suit Fabrics and Woven Sportswear Jacket,Slack, and Trouser FabricsD3781 Performance Specification for Mens and BoysKnitted Rainwear and All-Purpose, Water-Repellent CoatFabrics3D3782 Performance Specification for Mens and BoysKnitted Dre
49、ss Suit Fabrics and Knitted Sportswear Jacket,Slack, and Trouser FabricsD3783 Performance Specification for Woven Flat LiningFabrics for Mens and Boys ApparelD3786 Test Method for Bursting Strength of TextileFabricsDiaphragm Bursting Strength Tester MethodD3787 Test Method for Bursting Strength of TextilesConstant-Rate-of-Traverse (CRT) Ball Burst TestD3789 Practice for Labeling Cans of Consumer SprayPaint3D3817 Test Method for Maturity Index of Cotton Fibers bythe Fibrographic Method3D3818 Test Method for Linear Density and Material Indexof Cotton Fi
