1、Designation: D1241 15Standard Specification forMaterials for Soil-Aggregate Subbase, Base, and SurfaceCourses1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1241; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of la
2、st revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers the qua
3、lity and grading of thefollowing materials for use in the construction of subbase,base, and surface courses: sand-clay mixtures; gravel; stone orslag screenings; sand; crusher-run coarse aggregate consistingof gravel, crushed stone, or slag combined with soil mortar; orany combination of these mater
4、ials. The requirements areintended to cover materials having normal specific gravity,absorption, and gradation characteristics. Where other materi-als are to be used, appropriate limits suitable to their use mustbe specified.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard. The s
5、ieve designations are identified using the“standard” system in accordance with Specification E11, suchas 25-mm and 75-m, followed by the “alternative” system of1-in. and No. 200, respectively. Use of the “alternative” systemshall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.1.3 The following
6、 precautionary caveat pertains only to theTest Methods portion, Section 9, of this specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpracti
7、ces and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C117 Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-m (No. 200)Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by WashingC131 Test Method for Resistance to Degradation of Small-Size Coarse Aggregate by Abrasi
8、on and Impact in the LosAngeles MachineC136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and CoarseAggregatesD75 Practice for Sampling AggregatesD421 Practice for Dry Preparation of Soil Samples forParticle-Size Analysis and Determination of Soil Con-stantsD653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Cont
9、ainedFluidsD3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for AgenciesEngaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock asUsed in Engineering Design and ConstructionD4318 Test Methods for Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, andPlasticity Index of SoilsD4700 Guide for Soil Sampling from the Vadose ZoneE11 Spec
10、ification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsSee Terminology D653 for general defini-tions.4. Types4.1 The following types of mixtures are specified:4.1.1 Type IMixtures shall consist of stone, gravel, or slagwith natural or crushed sand and fine mineral parti
11、cles passinga 75-m (No. 200) sieve and shall conform to the requirementsof Table 1 for Gradation A, B, C, or D.4.1.2 Type IIMixtures shall consist of natural or crushedsand with fine mineral particles passing a 75-m (No. 200)sieve, with or without stone, gravel, or slag, and shall conformto the requ
12、irements of Table 1 for Gradation E or F.5. General Requirements5.1 Coarse AggregateCoarse aggregate, retained on a4.75 mm (No. 4) sieve, for use in Type I and Type II mixtures,shall consist of hard, durable, and sound particles or fragmentsof stone, gravel, or slag. Coarse aggregate shall have abra
13、sionloss, determined by Test Method C131, of not more than 50percent.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soiland Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.08 on Special andConstruction Control Tests.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015. Published N
14、ovember 2015. Originallyapproved in 1952. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1241 07. DOI:10.1520/D1241-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to t
15、he standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1NOTE 1A higher or lower abrasion loss may be specified by theengine
16、er, depending upon the materials available for the work.5.2 Fine AggregateFine aggregate, passing a 4.75 mm(No. 4) sieve, for use in Type I and Type II mixtures, shallconsist of natural or crushed sand and fine mineral particlespassing the 75-m (No. 200) sieve. The fraction passing the75-m (No. 200)
17、 sieve shall not be greater than two thirds ofthe fraction passing the 425-m (No. 40) sieve as determinedby Test Methods C117 and C136. The fraction passing the425-m (No. 40) sieve shall have a liquid limit not greater than25 and a plasticity index not greater than 6 as determined byTest Method D431
18、8.5.3 The composite material of Types I and II shall be free oforganic matter and clay lumps and shall conform to the gradingrequirements of Table 1.6. Subbase Materials6.1 Materials for subbase shall conform to the requirementsof Section 5 and Table 1 for Type I, Gradation A, B, C, or D,or for Type
19、 II, Gradation E or F. The type and grading desiredshall be specified.NOTE 2Where local experience (performance history, materialproperties, etc.) has shown that, in order to prevent damage by frost action,it is necessary to have lower percentages of the subbase materials passingthe 75-m (No. 200) s
20、ieve than are required by Table 1, the engineer mayspecify lower percentages. The engineer may also specify tighter grada-tion requirements when local experience suggests it to be appropriate.7. Base-Course Materials7.1 Materials for base course shall conform to the require-ments of Section 5 and Ta
21、ble 1 for Type I, Gradation A, B, C,or D, or for Type II, Gradation E or F. The type and gradingdesired shall be specified.NOTE 3Where local experience (performance history, materialproperties, etc.) has shown that, in order to prevent damage by frost action,it is necessary to have lower percentages
22、 of the base-course materialspassing the 75-m (No. 200) sieve than are required by Table 1, theengineer may specify lower percentages. The engineer may also specifytighter gradation requirements when local experience suggests it to beappropriate.8. Surface-Course Materials8.1 Soil-aggregate material
23、s for surface course shall con-form to the requirements of Section 5 and Table 1 for Type I,Gradation C or D; or for Type II Gradation E or F. The type andgrading shall be specified.NOTE 4When materials are being used for surface courses, theEngineer may give consideration to the permeability charac
24、teristics of thematerials used (that is, material type, grading, etc.).9. Test Methods9.1 Sample the material and determine the properties enu-merated in this specification in accordance with the followingASTM standards:9.1.1 SamplingPractice D75.9.1.2 Sieve AnalysisTest Method C117 and Test MethodC
25、136.9.1.3 Abrasion LossTest Method C131.9.1.4 Soil Sampling from the Vadose ZoneGuide D4700.9.1.5 Preparing Soil SamplesMethod D421.9.1.6 Liquid Limit, Plastic Limit, and Plasticity Index TestMethod D4318.NOTE 5The quality of the result produced by this standard isdependent upon the competence of th
26、e personnel performing it, and thesuitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet thecriteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competentand objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard arecautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 doe
27、s not in itself assurereliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740provides a means of evaluation some of those factors.10. Keywords10.1 coarse aggregate; crushed stone; fine aggregate; grada-tion; granular materials; gravels; soilaggregate subbase, base,and surface cours
28、esTABLE 1 Gradation Requirements for Soil-Aggregate MaterialsSieve SizeMass Percent Passing Square Mesh SievesType I Type IIGradationAGradationBGradationCGradationDGradationEGradationF50-mm (2-in.) 100 100 . . . .25.0-mm (1-in.) . 75 to 95 100 100 100 1009.5-mm (38-in.) 30 to 65 40 to 75 50 to 85 60
29、 to 100 . .4.75-mm (No. 4) 25 to 55 30 to 60 35 to 65 50 to 85 55 to 100 70 to 1002.00-mm (No. 10) 15 to 40 20 to 45 25 to 50 40 to 70 40 to 100 55 to 100425-m (No. 40) 8 to 20 15 to 30 15 to 30 25 to 45 20 to 50 30 to 7075-m (No. 200) 2 to 8 5 to 15 5 to 15 8 to 15 6 to 15 8 to 15D1241 152SUMMARY O
30、F CHANGESIn accordance with Committee D18 policy, this section identifies the location of changes to this standard sincethe last edition (2007) that may impact the use of this standard.(1) Inserted Section 1.3, Units, for added clarification between“standard” and “alternative” sieve designations. Th
31、e sievedesignations have been updated throughout this specification.(2) The references to ASTM D420 have been deleted from theSpecification, as it was withdrawn in 2011.(3) Inserted references to ASTM D4700 Standard Guide forSoil Sampling from the Vadose Zone.(4) Inserted references to ASTM E11 Spec
32、ification for WovenWire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves.(5) Revised Section 3.1, Definitions, to reflect the D18 ap-proved verbiage.(6) Revised Table 1 to reflect the use of “standard” and“alternative” sieve designations. Table formatting was changedfor ease of use.(7) Revised Note 5 to reflect the
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