1、Designation: D130 12 Federation of Societies forPaint Technology Standard No. Dt-28-65British Standard 4351Standard Test Method forCorrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products byCopper Strip Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D130; the number immediately following the design
2、ation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by a
3、gencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the corro-siveness to copper of aviation gasoline, aviation turbine fuel,automotive gasoline, cleaners (Stoddard) solvent, kerosine,diesel fuel, distillate fuel oil, lubricating oil, and naturalgasoline or
4、 other hydrocarbons having a vapor pressure nogreater than 124 kPa (18 psi) at 37.8C. (WarningSomeproducts, particularly natural gasoline, may have a muchhigher vapor pressure than would normally be characteristic ofautomotive or aviation gasolines. For this reason, exerciseextreme caution to ensure
5、 that the pressure vessel used in thistest method and containing natural gasoline or other productsof high vapor pressure is not placed in the 100C (212F) bath.Samples having vapor pressures in excess of 124 kPa (18 psi)may develop sufficient pressures at 100C to rupture thepressure vessel. For any
6、sample having a vapor pressure above124 kPa (18 psi), use Test Method D1838.)1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its us
7、e. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory requirements prior to use. For specificwarning statements, see 1.1, 7.1, and Annex A2.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D396 Specifica
8、tion for Fuel OilsD975 Specification for Diesel Fuel OilsD1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine FuelsD1838 Test Method for Copper Strip Corrosion by LiquefiedPetroleum (LP) GasesD4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum
9、andPetroleum ProductsD6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and BiasData for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products andLubricantsE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard33. Terminology3.1 Acronyms:3.1.1 CAMICoated Abrasiv
10、es Manufacturers Institute3.1.2 FEPAFederation of European ProducersAssociation4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Apolished copper strip is immersed in a specific volumeof the sample being tested and heated under conditions oftemperature and time that are specific to the class of materialbeing tested. At
11、the end of the heating period, the copper stripis removed, washed and the color and tarnish level assessedagainst the ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard.5. Significance and Use5.1 Crude petroleum contains sulfur compounds, most ofwhich are removed during refining. However, of the sulfurcompounds r
12、emaining in the petroleum product, some can havea corroding action on various metals and this corrosivity is notnecessarily related directly to the total sulfur content. Theeffect can vary according to the chemical types of sulfur1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPe
13、troleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeD02.05 on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2012. Published December 2012. Originallyapproved in 1922, replacing former D89. Last previous edition approved in 2010 a
14、sD13010. DOI: 10.1520/D0130-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from ASTM Internati
15、onal Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.ADJD0130. Names of suppliers in the United Kingdom can be obtained fromEnergy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K. Two masterstandards are held by the IP for reference.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright AST
16、M International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1compounds present. The copper strip corrosion test is designedto assess the relative degree of corrosivity of a petroleumproduct.6. Apparatus6.1 Copper Strip Corrosion Pressure Vessel, constructedfro
17、m stainless steel according to the dimensions as given inFig. 1. The vessel shall be capable of withstanding a testpressure of 700 kPa gage (100 psi). Alternative designs for thevessels cap and synthetic rubber gasket may be used providedthat the internal dimensions of the vessel are the same as tho
18、seshown in Fig. 1. The internal dimensions of the pressure vesselare such that a nominal 25-mm by 150-mm test tube can beplaced inside the pressure vessel.6.2 Test Tubes, of borosilicate glass of nominal 25-mm by150-mm dimensions. The internal dimensions shall be checkedas acceptable by use of a cop
19、per strip (see 7.3). When 30 mLof liquid is added to the test tube with the copper strip in it, aminimum of 5-mm of liquid shall be above the top surface ofthe strip.6.3 Test Baths:6.3.1 GeneralAll test baths shall be able to maintain thetest temperature to within 61C (2F) of the required testtemper
20、ature.6.3.2 Liquid Bath Used for Submerging Pressure Vessel(s)The bath shall be deep enough to submerge one or morepressure vessels (see 6.1) completely during the test. As thebath medium, use water or any liquid that can be satisfactorilycontrolled to the sample test temperature. The bath shall bef
21、itted with suitable supports to hold each pressure vessel in avertical position when submerged.6.3.3 Bath(s) Used for Test TubesLiquid baths shall befitted with suitable supports to hold each test tube (see 6.2)ina vertical position to a depth of about 100-mm (4-in.) asmeasured from the bottom of th
22、e test tube to the bath surface.As a liquid bath medium, water and oil have been foundsatisfactory and controllable at the specified test temperature.Solid block baths shall meet the same temperature control andimmersion conditions and shall be checked for temperaturemeasurement (heat transfer) for
23、each product class by runningtests on tubes filled with 30 mL of product plus a metal strip ofthe nominal dimensions given, plus a temperature sensor.6.4 Temperature Sensing Device (TSD), capable of monitor-ing the desired test temperature in the bath to within anaccuracy of 61C or better. The ASTM
24、12C (12F) (seeSpecification E1) or IP 64C (64F) total immersion thermom-eters have been found suitable to use in the test. If used, nomore than 10-mm (0.4-in.) of the mercury should extend abovethe surface of the bath at the test temperature.6.5 Polishing Vise, for holding the copper strip firmlywit
25、hout marring the edges while polishing. Any convenienttype of holder (see Appendix X1) may be used provided thatthe strip is held tightly and that the surface of the strip beingpolished is supported above the surface of the holder.6.6 Viewing Test Tubes, flat glass test tubes, are convenientfor prot
26、ecting corroded copper strips for close inspection orstorage (see Appendix X1 for the description of a flat-glassKey:1 Lifting eye2 Wide groove for pressure relief3 Knurled cap4 Twelve threads per inch NF thread or equivalent5 Camber inside cap to protect “O” ring when closing pressure vessel6 Synth
27、etic rubber “O” ring without free sulfur7 Seamless tubeMaterial: stainless steelWelded constructionMaximum test gage pressure: 700 kPaNOTE 1Dimensions in millimetres.NOTE 2All dimensions without tolerance limits are nominal values.FIG. 1 Pressure Vessel for Copper Strip Corrosion TestD130 122viewing
28、 tube). The viewing test tube shall be of such dimen-sions as to allow the introduction of a copper strip (see 7.3) andmade of glass free of striae or similar defects.6.7 Forceps, with either stainless steel or polytetrafluoro-ethylene (PTFE) tips, for use in handling the copper strips,have been fou
29、nd suitable to use.6.8 Timing Device, electronic or manual, capable of accu-rately measuring the test duration within the allowable toler-ance.7. Reagents and Materials7.1 Wash SolventAny volatile, less than 5 mg/kg sulfurhydrocarbon solvent may be used provided that it shows notarnish at all when t
30、ested for3hat50C (122F). 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (isooctane) of minimum 99.75 % purity is thereferee solvent and should be used in case of dispute.(Warningextremely flammable, see A2.1.)7.2 Surface Preparation/Polishing Materials, 00 grade orfiner steel wool or silicon carbide grit paper or cloth of
31、varyingdegrees of fineness including 65-m grade (220-grit CAMI-grade or P220 FEPA-grade); also a supply of 105-m (120-gritto 150-grit CAMI-grade or P120 to P150 FEPA-grade) sizesilicon carbide grain or powder and absorbent cotton (cottonwool). A commercial grade is suitable, but pharmaceuticalgrade
32、is most commonly available and is acceptable.7.3 Copper Strips SpecificationUse strips that are 12.5 62-mm (12-in.) wide, 1.5 to 3.2-mm (116 to18-in.) thick, and cut75 6 5-mm (3-in.) long from smooth-surfaced, hard-temper,cold-finished copper of 99.9 + % purity; electrical bus barstock is generally
33、suitable (see Annex A1). The strips may beused repeatedly but shall be discarded when the strips surfaceshows pitting or deep scratches that cannot be removed by thespecified polishing procedure, or when the surface becomesdeformed, or the dimensions for the copper strip fall outsidethe specified li
34、mits.7.4 Ashless Filter Paper or Disposable Gloves, for use inprotecting the copper strip from coming in contact with theindividual during final polishing.8. ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standards38.1 These consist of reproductions in color of typical teststrips representing increasing degrees of tar
35、nish and corrosion,the reproductions being encased for protection in plastic andmade up in the form of a plaque.8.1.1 Keep the plastic-encased ASTM Copper Strip Corro-sion Standards protected from light to avoid the possibility offading. Inspect for fading by comparing two different plaques,one of w
36、hich has been carefully protected from light (forexample, new plaque). Observe both sets in diffused daylight(or equivalent) first from a point directly above and then froman angle of 45. If any evidence of fading is observed,particularly at the left-hand end of the plaque, it is suggestedthat the o
37、ne that is the more faded with respect to the other bediscarded.8.1.1.1 Alternatively, place a suitably sized opaque strip (forexample, 20-mm (34-in.) black electrical tape) across the top ofthe colored portion of the plaque when initially purchased. Atintervals remove the opaque strip and observe.
38、When there isany evidence of fading of the exposed portion, the standardsshall be replaced.8.1.1.2 These plaques are full-color reproductions of typicalstrips. They have been printed on aluminum sheets by a 4-colorprocess and are encased in plastic for protection. Directions fortheir use are given o
39、n the reverse side of each plaque.8.1.2 If the surface of the plastic cover shows excessivescratching, it is suggested that the plaque be replaced.9. Samples9.1 In accordance with D4057 or D4177, or both, it isparticularly important that all types of fuel samples, that pass alow-tarnish strip classi
40、fication, be collected in clean, dark glassbottles, plastic bottles, or other suitable containers that will notaffect the corrosive properties of the fuel. Avoid the use of tinplate containers for collection of samples, since experience hasshown that they may contribute to the corrosiveness of thesa
41、mple.9.2 Fill the containers as completely as possible and closethem immediately after taking the sample.Adequate headspacein the container is necessary to provide room for possiblethermal expansion during transport. It is recommended thatvolatile samples be filled between 70 and 80 % of the contain
42、-ers capacity. Take care during sampling to protect the samplesfrom exposure to direct sunlight or even diffused daylight.Carry out the test as soon as possible after receipt in thelaboratory and immediately after opening the container.9.3 If suspended water (that is, haze) is observed in thesample,
43、 dry by filtering a sufficient volume of sample througha medium rapid qualitative filter, into the prescribed clean, drytest tube. Carry out this operation in a darkened room or undera light-protected shield.9.3.1 Contact of the copper strip with water before, duringor after completion of the test r
44、un will cause staining, makingit difficult to evaluate the strips.10. Preparation of Test Strips10.1 Surface PreparationRemove all surface blemishesfrom all six sides of the strip obtained from a previous analysis(see Note 1). One way to accomplish this is to use 00 grade orfiner steel wool or silic
45、on carbide paper or cloth of suchdegrees of fineness as are needed to accomplish the desiredresults efficiently. Finish with 65-m (220-grit CAMI-grade orP220 FEPA-grade) silicon carbide paper or cloth, removing allmarks that may have been made by other grades of paper usedpreviously. Ensure the prep
46、ared copper strip is protected fromoxidation prior to final preparation, such as by immersing thestrip in wash solvent from which it can be withdrawn imme-diately for final preparation (polishing) or in which it can bestored for future use.NOTE 1Only final preparation (10.2) is necessary for commerc
47、iallypurchased pre-polished strips, although if gasoline samples are beinganalyzed, pre-polished strips may be used “as is” (that is, without goingthrough the final polishing procedure), based on the results of a 2008D130 123interlaboratory study4versus manually prepared copper strips. No statis-tic
48、al evaluation involving pre-polished copper strips has been performedusing sample types other than gasoline at this time. See Section 14 formore details.10.1.1 As a practical manual procedure for surfacepreparation, place a sheet of silicon carbide paper or cloth ona flat surface and moisten it with
49、 kerosine or wash solvent. Rubthe strip against the silicon carbide paper or cloth with acircular motion, protecting the strip from contact with thefingers by using ashless filter paper or wearing disposablegloves. Alternatively, the surface of the strip can be preparedby use of motor-driven machines using appropriate grades ofdry paper or cloth.10.2 Final PreparationFor strips prepared in 10.1 or newstrips being used for the first time, remove a strip from itsprotected location, such as by removing it from the washsolvent. To prevent possible surf
