1、Designation: D130 18 Federation of Societies forPaint Technology Standard No. Dt-28-65British Standard 4351Standard Test Method forCorrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products byCopper Strip Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D130; the number immediately following the design
2、ation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by a
3、gencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the corro-siveness to copper of aviation gasoline, aviation turbine fuel,automotive gasoline, cleaners (Stoddard) solvent, kerosine,diesel fuel, distillate fuel oil, lubricating oil, and naturalgasoli
4、ne or other hydrocarbons having a vapor pressure nogreater than 124 kPa (18 psi) at 37.8 C. (WarningSomeproducts, particularly natural gasoline, may have a muchhigher vapor pressure than would normally be characteristic ofautomotive or aviation gasolines. For this reason, exerciseextreme caution to
5、ensure that the pressure vessel used in thistest method and containing natural gasoline or other productsof high vapor pressure is not placed in the 100 C (212 F)bath. Samples having vapor pressures in excess of 124 kPa(18 psi) may develop sufficient pressures at 100 C to rupturethe pressure vessel.
6、 For any sample having a vapor pressureabove 124 kPa (18 psi), use Test Method D1838.)1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. The values given in parentheses after SI units areprovided for information only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to
7、 address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.For specific warning statements, see
8、 1.1, 7.1, and Annex A2.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organizat
9、ion TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D396 Specification for Fuel OilsD975 Specification for Diesel Fuel OilsD1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine FuelsD1838 Test Method for Copper Strip Corrosion by LiquefiedPetroleum (LP) GasesD4057 Practice f
10、or Manual Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum andPetroleum ProductsD6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and BiasData for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products andLubricantsE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers2.
11、2 ASTM Adjuncts:ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard33. Terminology3.1 Acronyms:3.1.1 CAMICoated Abrasives Manufacturers Institute3.1.2 FEPAFederation of European ProducersAssociation4. Summary of Test Method4.1 Apolished copper strip is immersed in a specific volumeof the sample being tested and he
12、ated under conditions oftemperature and time that are specific to the class of materialbeing tested. At the end of the heating period, the copper stripis removed, washed and the color and tarnish level assessedagainst the ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standard.1This test method is under the jurisdicti
13、on of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.05 on Properties of Fuels, Petroleum Coke and Carbon Material.Current edition approved April 1, 2018. Published April 2018. Originallyapproved in 1922, replacing former D89
14、. Last previous edition approved in 2012 asD130 12. DOI: 10.1520/D0130-18.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe
15、ASTM website.3Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.ADJD0130. Names of suppliers in the United Kingdom can be obtained fromEnergy Institute, 61 New Cavendish St., London, WIG 7AR, U.K. Two masterstandards are held by the IP for reference.*A Summary of Changes section appea
16、rs at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principl
17、es for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.15. Significance and Use5.1 Crude petroleum contains sulfur compounds, most ofwhich are removed during refining. However, of the sulfurcompo
18、unds remaining in the petroleum product, some can havea corroding action on various metals and this corrosivity is notnecessarily related directly to the total sulfur content. Theeffect can vary according to the chemical types of sulfurcompounds present. The copper strip corrosion test is designedto
19、 assess the relative degree of corrosivity of a petroleumproduct.6. Apparatus6.1 Copper Strip Corrosion Pressure Vessel, constructedfrom stainless steel according to the dimensions as given inFig. 1. The vessel shall be capable of withstanding a testpressure of 700 kPa gage (100 psi). Alternative de
20、signs for thevessels cap and synthetic rubber gasket may be used providedthat the internal dimensions of the vessel are the same as thoseshown in Fig. 1. The internal dimensions of the pressure vesselare such that a nominal 25 mm by 150 mm test tube can beplaced inside the pressure vessel.6.2 Test T
21、ubes, of borosilicate glass of nominal 25 mm by150 mm dimensions. The internal dimensions shall be checkedas acceptable by use of a copper strip (see 7.3). When 30 mLof liquid is added to the test tube with the copper strip in it, aminimum of 5 mm of liquid shall be above the top surface ofthe strip
22、.6.3 Test Baths:6.3.1 GeneralAll test baths shall be able to maintain thetest temperature to within 61 C (2 F) of the required testtemperature.6.3.2 Liquid Bath Used for Submerging Pressure Vessel(s)The bath shall be deep enough to submerge one or morepressure vessels (see 6.1) completely during the
23、 test. As thebath medium, use water or any liquid that can be satisfactorilycontrolled to the sample test temperature. The bath shall befitted with suitable supports to hold each pressure vessel in avertical position when submerged.6.3.3 Bath(s) Used for Test TubesLiquid baths shall befitted with su
24、itable supports to hold each test tube (see 6.2)ina vertical position to a depth of about 100 mm (4 in.) asmeasured from the bottom of the test tube to the bath surface.As a liquid bath medium, water and oil have been foundsatisfactory and controllable at the specified test temperature.Solid block b
25、aths shall meet the same temperature control andimmersion conditions and shall be checked for temperaturemeasurement (heat transfer) for each product class by runningtests on tubes filled with 30 mL of product plus a metal strip ofthe nominal dimensions given, plus a temperature sensor.6.4 Temperatu
26、re Sensing Device (TSD), capable of monitor-ing the desired test temperature in the bath to within anaccuracy of 61 C or better. The ASTM 12C (12F) (seeSpecification E1) or IP 64C (64F) total immersion thermom-eters have been found suitable to use in the test. If used, nomore than 10 mm (0.4 in.) of
27、 the mercury should extend abovethe surface of the bath at the test temperature.6.5 Polishing Vise, for holding the copper strip firmlywithout marring the edges while polishing. Any convenientKey:1 Lifting eye2 Wide groove for pressure relief3 Knurled cap4 Twelve threads per inch NF thread or equiva
28、lent5 Camber inside cap to protect “O” ring when closing pressure vessel6 Synthetic rubber “O” ring without free sulfur7 Seamless tubeMaterial: stainless steelWelded constructionMaximum test gage pressure: 700 kPaNOTE 1Dimensions in millimetres.NOTE 2All dimensions without tolerance limits are nomin
29、al values.FIG. 1 Pressure Vessel for Copper Strip Corrosion TestD130 182type of holder (see Appendix X1) may be used provided thatthe strip is held tightly and that the surface of the strip beingpolished is supported above the surface of the holder.6.6 Viewing Test Tubes, flat glass test tubes, are
30、convenientfor protecting corroded copper strips for close inspection orstorage (see Appendix X1 for the description of a flat-glassviewing tube). The viewing test tube shall be of such dimen-sions as to allow the introduction of a copper strip (see 7.3) andmade of glass free of striae or similar def
31、ects.6.7 Forceps, with either stainless steel or polytetrafluoro-ethylene (PTFE) tips, for use in handling the copper strips,have been found suitable to use.6.8 Timing Device, electronic or manual, capable of accu-rately measuring the test duration within the allowable toler-ance.7. Reagents and Mat
32、erials7.1 Wash SolventAny volatile, less than 5 mg kg sulfurhydrocarbon solvent may be used provided that it shows notarnish at all when tested for 3 h at 50 C (122 F). 2,2,4-trimethylpentane (isooctane) of minimum 99.75 % purity is thereferee solvent and should be used in case of dispute.(Warningex
33、tremely flammable, see A2.1.)7.2 Surface Preparation/Polishing Materials, 00 grade orfiner steel wool or silicon carbide grit paper or cloth of varyingdegrees of fineness including 65 m grade (220 grit CAMI-grade or P220 FEPA-grade); also a supply of 105 m (120 gritto 150 grit CAMI-grade or P120 to
34、P150 FEPA-grade) sizesilicon carbide grain or powder and absorbent cotton (cottonwool). A commercial grade is suitable, but pharmaceuticalgrade is most commonly available and is acceptable.7.3 Copper Strips SpecificationUse strips that are12.5 mm 6 2mm(12 in.) wide, 1.5 mm to 3.2 mm (116 in. to18 in
35、.) thick, and cut 75 mm 6 5 mm (3 in.) long fromsmooth-surfaced, hard-temper, cold-finished copper of 99.9+ % purity; electrical bus bar stock is generally suitable (seeAnnex A1). The strips may be used repeatedly but shall bediscarded when the strips surface shows pitting or deepscratches that cann
36、ot be removed by the specified polishingprocedure, or when the surface becomes deformed, or thedimensions for the copper strip fall outside the specified limits.7.4 Ashless Filter Paper or Disposable Gloves, for use inprotecting the copper strip from coming in contact with theindividual during final
37、 polishing.8. ASTM Copper Strip Corrosion Standards38.1 These consist of reproductions in color of typical teststrips representing increasing degrees of tarnish and corrosion,the reproductions being encased for protection in plastic andmade up in the form of a plaque.8.1.1 Keep the plastic-encased A
38、STM Copper Strip Corro-sion Standards protected from light to avoid the possibility offading. Inspect for fading by comparing two different plaques,one of which has been carefully protected from light (forexample, new plaque). Observe both sets in diffused daylight(or equivalent) first from a point
39、directly above and then froman angle of 45. If any evidence of fading is observed,particularly at the left-hand end of the plaque, it is suggestedthat the one that is the more faded with respect to the other bediscarded.8.1.1.1 Alternatively, place a suitably sized opaque strip (forexample, 20 mm (3
40、4 in.) black electrical tape) across the top ofthe colored portion of the plaque when initially purchased. Atintervals remove the opaque strip and observe. When there isany evidence of fading of the exposed portion, the standardsshall be replaced.8.1.1.2 These plaques are full-color reproductions of
41、 typicalstrips. They have been printed on photo lithographed stripsencased in plastic and made up in the form of a plaque forprotection. Directions for their use are given on the reverse sideof each plaque.8.1.2 If the surface of the plastic cover shows excessivescratching, it is suggested that the
42、plaque be replaced.9. Samples9.1 In accordance with D4057 or D4177, or both, it isparticularly important that all types of fuel samples, that pass alow-tarnish strip classification, be collected in clean, dark glassbottles, plastic bottles, or other suitable containers that will notaffect the corros
43、ive properties of the fuel. Avoid the use of tinplate containers for collection of samples, since experience hasshown that they may contribute to the corrosiveness of thesample.9.2 Fill the containers as completely as possible and closethem immediately after taking the sample.Adequate headspacein th
44、e container is necessary to provide room for possiblethermal expansion during transport. It is recommended thatvolatile samples be filled between 70 % and 80 % of thecontainers capacity. Take care during sampling to protect thesamples from exposure to direct sunlight or even diffuseddaylight. Carry
45、out the test as soon as possible after receipt inthe laboratory and immediately after opening the container.9.3 If suspended water (that is, haze) is observed in thesample, dry by filtering a sufficient volume of sample througha medium rapid qualitative filter, into the prescribed clean, drytest tub
46、e. Carry out this operation in a darkened room or undera light-protected shield.9.3.1 Contact of the copper strip with water before, duringor after completion of the test run will cause staining, makingit difficult to evaluate the strips.10. Preparation of Test Strips10.1 Surface PreparationRemove a
47、ll surface blemishesfrom all six sides of the strip obtained from a previous analysis(see Note 1). One way to accomplish this is to use 00 grade orfiner steel wool or silicon carbide paper or cloth of suchdegrees of fineness as are needed to accomplish the desiredresults efficiently. Finish with 65
48、m (220 grit CAMI-grade orP220 FEPA-grade) silicon carbide paper or cloth, removing allmarks that may have been made by other grades of paper usedpreviously. Ensure the prepared copper strip is protected fromoxidation prior to final preparation, such as by immersing theD130 183strip in wash solvent f
49、rom which it can be withdrawn imme-diately for final preparation (polishing) or in which it can bestored for future use.NOTE 1Only final preparation (10.2) is necessary for commerciallypurchased pre-polished strips, although if gasoline samples are beinganalyzed, pre-polished strips may be used “as is” (that is, without goingthrough the final polishing procedure), based on the results of a 2008interlaboratory study4versus manually prepared copper strips. No statis-tical evaluation involving pre-polished copper strips has been performedusing sample
