1、Designation: D1384 05 (Reapproved 2012)Standard Test Method forCorrosion Test for Engine Coolants in Glassware1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1384; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of l
2、ast revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers a simple beaker-type procedurefor evaluating the effects of engine coolants on metal speci-mens
3、 under controlled laboratory conditions (see AppendixX1).NOTE 1For more information on engine coolants, see (Refs 1-8).21.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of th
4、esafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazardsstatements are given in 10.1.7.2, 10.1.7.3, and 10.1.
5、7.4.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3B32 Specification for Solder MetalB36/B36M Specification for Brass Plate, Sheet, Strip, AndRolled BarD1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solu-tions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing PurposesE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Gla
6、ss ThermometersE178 Practice for Dealing With Outlying ObservationsE230 Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force(EMF) Tables for Standardized ThermocouplesG31 Practice for Laboratory Immersion Corrosion Testingof Metals2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:All-glass apparatus for corrosion test (2 drawings)43.
7、 Summary of Test Method3.1 In this test method, specimens of metals typical of thosepresent in engine cooling systems are totally immersed inaerated engine coolant solutions for 336 h at 88C (190F).Thecorrosion-inhibitive properties of the test solution are evaluatedon the basis of the weight change
8、s incurred by the specimens.Each test is run in triplicate, and the average weight change isdetermined for each metal. A single test may occasionally becompletely out of line (see 11.2).4. Significance and Use4.1 This test method will generally distinguish betweencoolants that are definitely deleter
9、ious from the corrosionstandpoint and those that are suitable for further evaluation.However, the results of this test method cannot stand alone asevidence of satisfactory corrosion inhibition. The actual ser-vice value of an engine coolant formulation can be determinedonly by more comprehensive ben
10、ch, dynamometer, and fieldtests.5. Apparatus5.1 ContainerA 1000-mL, tall-form, spoutless beaker,made of heat-resistant glass, for containing the engine coolantsolution and test specimens. The beaker shall be tightly closedwith a No. 15 rubber stopper, having drill holes to accommo-date a water conde
11、nser, an aerator tube, and a thermometer asshown in Fig. 1. Optionally, an all-glass apparatus may beused.45.2 CondenserAwater condenser of the reflux, glass-tubetype, having a 400-mm (16-in.) condenser jacket.5.3 Aerator Tube A gas-dispersion tube, porosity size12-C,5to ensure continuous aeration w
12、ithout plugging.5.4 Temperature Measuring Instrument (EnvironmentallySafe Thermometer or Thermocouple) An ASTM PartialImmersion Temperature Measuring Instrument having a range1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on EngineCoolants and Related Fluids and is the direct resp
13、onsibility of SubcommitteeD15.06 on Glassware Performance Tests.Current edition approved April 1, 2012. Published June 2012. Originallyapproved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D1384 04 (2005).DOI: 10.1520/D1384-05R12.2The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of refere
14、nces at the end ofthis standard.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Details available from: ASTM
15、 International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.ADJD1384. Original adjunct produced in (1980).5The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis the Corning Glass Works. Gas-dispersion tube No. 39533, manufactured by theCorning Glass Works, 44-5 Crystal St., Corning, NY,
16、 has generally has been foundsatisfactory for this purpose. Optionally, a capillary tip bleed tube with 0.28-in.(7-mm) bore and 11.2-in. (280-mm) length may be used when consistent earlyplugging of gas dispersion tubes occurs. The tube, catalog No. 7815-19, may beobtained from the Corning Glass Work
17、s, Corning, NY 14830. If you are aware ofalternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM InternationalHeadquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee1, which you may attend.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor
18、 Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.from 20 to 150C (0 to 302F) and conforming to therequirements for Thermometer 1C (1F), as prescribed inSpecification E1 or Thermocouple as summarized in Specifi-cation E230.5.5 HeaterAconstant-temperature bath containing a high-boi
19、ling liquid (see Note 2) that is capable of giving continuousservice with the specified temperature control.6The size of thebath will be determined by the number of corrosion tests thatare to be run concurrently.6. Metal Test SpecimensNOTE 2The specimens prescribed in this test method have beenaccep
20、ted by automobile manufacturers, but their composition may not bethe same as that of alloys currently used for engine cooling systemcomponents. Therefore, specimens other than those designated in this testmethod may be used by mutual agreement of the parties involved.6.1 TypeThe following metal test
21、 specimens,7representa-tive of cooling system metals, shall be used:6.1.1 Steel, UNS G10200 (SAE 1020),8cut from 1.59-mm(116-in.) cold-rolled sheet stock to size 50.8 by 25.4 mm (2 by1 in.). Chemical composition of the carbon steel is as follows:carbon, 0.17 to 0.23 %; manganese, 0.30 to 0.60 %; pho
22、spho-rus, 0.040 % maximum; sulfur, 0.050 % maximum.6.1.2 Copper, conforming to UNS C11000 (SAE CA110)8or UNS C11300 (SAE CA113)8. Cold-rolled, cut from1.59-mm (116-in.) sheet stock to size 50.8 by 25.4 mm (2 by 1in.).6.1.3 Brass, conforming to Alloy UNS C26000 (SAE CA260).9Half-hard, cut from 1.59-m
23、m (116-in.) sheet stock to size50.8 by 25.4 mm (2 by 1 in.).6.1.4 SolderA brass specimen as described in 6.1.3,coated with solder conforming to Alloy Grade 30A (SAE 3A)of Specification B32.9Solder-coated specimens may be pre-pared, or used specimens recoated for reuse, by the proceduregiven inAnnexA
24、1.Asolid solder specimen cut from 1.59-mm(116-in.) sheet stock ofAlloy Grade 30A(SAE 3A) to size 50.8by 25.4 mm (2 by 1 in.) may be used subject to mutualagreement of the parties involved. The use of a solid solderspecimen must be reported along with the metal specimenweight loss results.6.1.4.1 Whe
25、n agreed upon between the supplier and thepurchaser of engine coolants, the standard solder specimenmay be replaced with one having a different alloy compositionthan standardAlloy Grade 30Aor 30B. Use of specimens otherthan standardAlloy Grade 30Aor 30B shall be noted in the testreport.NOTE 3Where n
26、on-standard alloy is used, the standard flux shown inA1.1.5 may not be satisfactory. A low corrosive flux may be required.6.1.5 Cast Aluminum, conforming to Alloy UNS A23190(SAE 329).8Specimen size, 50.8 by 25.4 by 3.18 mm (2 by 1by18 in.).6.1.6 Cast Iron, conforming to Alloy UNS F10007 (SAEG3500).7
27、Specimen size, 50.8 by 25.4 by 3.18 mm (2 by 1 by18 in.).6.2 Arrangement (See Fig. 2):6If a water bath is used, a significant reduction in evaporation rate is achievedby addition of floating plastic chips on the water surface.7Complete sets or individual metal test specimens are available from (a)Ch
28、emical Specialties ManufacturersAssociation, Inc., Suite 1120, 1001 ConnecticutAve., N.W., Washington, DC 20036; (b) Astro-Mechanics, Inc., 8500 ResearchBlvd., Austin, TX 78766; (c) The Metaspec Company, P.O. Box 27707, SanAntonio,TX 78227; or (d) Metal Samples Co. Inc., P.O. Box 8, Munford,AL 36268
29、.8UNIFIED numbering system for metals and alloys, SAE-ASTM, July 1995.9Round-robin evaluation of coated solder report is available from ASTMHeadquarters. Request RR:D15-0132.FIG. 1 Metal Specimens and Equipment for the 336-h CorrosionTestFIG. 2 Metal Specimen ArrangementD1384 05 (2012)26.2.1 Metal S
30、pecimen ArrangementNone of the hardwareused in metal specimen arrangement (metal specimen, screws,washers, metal spacers, insulating sleeves, insulating spacersand nuts) can be reused for a test. The metal test specimensshall be drilled through the center with a 6.75-mm (1764-in.)drill to accommodat
31、e a 50.8-mm (2-in.) 1024 brass machinescrew covered with a thin-walled insulating sleeve. Tetrafluo-roethylene tubing with a 6.35-mm (14-in.) outside diameter1.59-mm (116-in.) wide and a wall thickness of 0.4 mm(164-in.) is satisfactory. Two half-hard brass legs shall be cutfrom 1.59-mm (116-in.) sh
32、eet stock to size 50.8 by 25.4 mm (2by 1 in.). A 6.35-mm (14-in.) diameter hole shall be drilled ineach leg with the center 6.35 mm (14 in.) from the top and 12.7mm (12 in.) from each side. The test “bundle” shall be made upon the insulated screw with the specimens in the followingorder: brass leg,
33、copper, solder, brass, steel, cast iron, castaluminum, and brass leg. The specimens shall be separated by4.76-mm (316-in.) thick solid metal spacers having a 6.75-mm(1764-in.) inside diameter and a 11.11-mm (716-in.) outsidediameter. Insulating spacers made from tetrafluoroethyleneshall be used betw
34、een the brass legs and the specimen“bundle,” and between the brass and steel specimens. Brassspacers shall be used between the brass, solder, and copperspecimens, and steel spacers between the cast iron, steel, andcast aluminum specimens. The nut shall be tightened firmly toensure good electrical co
35、ntact between the test specimens ineach section of the “bundle.”6.2.2 Alternate Metal Specimen ArrangementWhenagreed upon between the supplier and the purchaser, analternate metal specimen arrangement may be used to evaluatemultiple solder alloys, such as high lead Alloy Grade L501139consisting of 9
36、7 % lead, 2.5 % tin, 0.3 % silver, concurrentlywith StandardAlloy Grade 30Aor 30B. It is recommended thatthe metal specimen arrangement be modified by replacing thecopper specimen with the high lead solder specimen andarranging specimens in the bundle as follows:High LeadSolderBrass Alloy Grade30A o
37、r 30BSteel Cast Iron Cast Alumi-numUse of alternate specimens and metal specimens arrange-ments shall be noted in the test report.7. Preparation of Test Specimens7.1 Sand the cast iron and cast aluminum specimens on the25.4 by 50.8-mm (1 by 2-in.) cut surfaces with “coarse” grade(No. 1) emery cloth.
38、 Remove any burrs from coupon edges andhole. Scrub all specimens vigorously, using a moistened bristlebrush and ground pumice powder or fine silicon carbide grituntil the entire metal area is bright, shiny, and free from anyvisible oxide film or tarnish.7.2 Rinse the specimens thoroughly with tap wa
39、ter; thenrinse with acetone, dry, and weigh to the nearest 1 mg. Castaluminum specimens should be dried in a 100C oven for 1 h,to a constant weight, prior to recording the weight.NOTE 4If the test specimens are not to be used immediately, keepthem in a desiccator until required.8. Test Solutions8.1
40、The concentration of the engine coolant to be testedshall be as follows:8.1.1 Engine CoolantThe engine coolant, EG or PGbased, shall be mixed with the proper quantity of corrosivewater to give a 3313 volume % coolant test solution.8.1.2 Corrosive Water (Note 4)The corrosive water shallcontain 100 pp
41、m each of sulfate, chloride, and bicarbonate ionsintroduced as sodium salts.8.2 Preparation of SampleThe preparation of the sampleshall be done in accordance with the section on Preparation ofSolutions Requiring Inclusion of Separated Solids and Liquidsin Test Method D1176, except that the corrosive
42、 water shall beused for dilution instead of distilled water. Thus, any insolublematerials will be included in the representative sample.NOTE 5The specified corrosive water can be prepared by dissolvingthe following amounts of anhydrous sodium salts in a quanity of distilledor deionized water.sodium
43、sulfate 148 mgsodium chloride 165 mgsodium bicarbonate 138 mgThe resulting solution should be made up to a volume of 1 L withdistilled or deionized water at 20C.If relatively large amounts of corrosive water are needed for testing, aconcentrate may be prepared by dissolving ten times the above amoun
44、ts ofthe three chemicals, in distilled or deionized water, and adjusting the totalvolume to 1 L by further additions of distilled or deionized water. Whenneeded, the water concentrate is diluted to the ratio of one part by volumeof concentrate to nine parts of distilled or deionized water.9. Test Co
45、nditions9.1 Beaker AssemblyThe arrangement of the assembledmetal specimens with relation to the aerator tube and othercomponents is shown in Fig. 1. Note that the tip of thecondenser just emerges from the bottom of the rubber stopper.9.2 Test TemperatureThe test solution shall be maintainedat a temp
46、erature of 88 6 2C (190 6 5F).9.3 Aeration RateThe aeration rate shall be 100 6 10mL/min. The aerator tube should be located at least 12.7 mm(12 in.) away from the test “bundle” to avoid direct contact withthe metal specimens.9.4 Test DurationThe test shall be run continuously for 2weeks (336 h).10.
47、 Procedure10.1 Make triplicate tests concurrently on each enginecoolant solution in accordance with the following procedure:10.1.1 Carefully clean the test beaker, condenser, rubberstopper, and aerator tube, and thoroughly rinse with water.10.1.2 Bolt the specimens together in the order given in 6.2
48、and place the “bundle” in the test beaker as shown in Fig. 1.10.1.3 Pour 750 mL of the prepared test solution into the1000-mL beaker.10.1.4 Fit the condenser and aeration tube to the beaker, andset the aeration rate at 100 mL/min, using a flow meter or othersuitable device.10.1.5 Raise the temperatu
49、re of the test solution to 88C(190F) for high-boiling engine coolants. Pass water throughthe condenser at a rate sufficient to maintain adequate cooling.10.1.6 Check the tests once each working day to ensureproper solution temperature, aeration rate, and solution level.The tests may operate unattended on weekends and holidays.D1384 05 (2012)3Make up evaporation losses during the corrosion tests byaddition of distilled or deionized water.10.1.7 At the end of the test, immediately disassemblespecimens and brush very lightly with a
