1、Designation: D 1562 05Standard Specification forCellulose Acetate Propionate Molding and ExtrusionCompounds1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1562; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of las
2、t revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope*1.1 This specification covers requirements
3、 for plasticizedcellulose acetate propionate thermoplastic compounds suitablefor injection molding and extrusion. These compounds have apropionyl content less than 48 % and an acetyl content lessthan 3 % and may or may not contain dyes and pigments.Cellulosic plastic materials, being thermoplastic,
4、are reprocess-able and recyclable. This specification allows for the use ofthose cellulosic materials, provided that all specific require-ments of this specification are met.1.2 The properties included in this specification are thoserequired to identify the compositions covered. There may beother re
5、quirements necessary to identify particular character-istics important to specialized applications. These may bespecified by using the suffixes as given in Section 5.1.3 This classification system and subsequent line call outspecification are intended to provide a means of calling outplastic materia
6、ls used in the fabrication of end items or parts.It is not intended for the selection of materials. Materialselection should be made by those having expertise in theplastic field after careful consideration of the design andperformance required of the part, environment to which it willbe exposed, fa
7、brication process to be employed, costs in-volved, and inherent properties of the material other than thosecovered by this specification.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to thetest method portion, Section 11, of thi
8、s specification. Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.NOTE
9、1There is no equivalent or similar ISO standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power FrequenciesD 256 Test Method for Determining the Pendulum ImpactResistance
10、of Notched Specimens of PlasticsD 257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating MaterialsD 570 Test Method for Water Absorption of PlasticsD 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD 635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent andTime of Burning of Self-Supporting Pl
11、astics in a Horizon-tal PositionD 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD 790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating MaterialsD 792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement
12、D 883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD 1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittanceof Transparent PlasticsD 1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating toPlasticsD 1729 Practice for Visual Evaluation of Color Differencesof Opaque MaterialsD 3641 Practice for Injection Molding Test Speci
13、mens ofThermoplastic Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD 3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Mate-rialsD 5740 Guide for Writing Material Standards in the Clas-sification Format1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee
14、D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials.Current edition approved July 1, 2005. Published July 2005. Originally approvedin 1958. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 1562 - 98.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.a
15、stm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.1*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO
16、 Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.E 308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects byUsing the CIE System3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe terminology used in this specificationis in accordance with Terminologies D 883 and D 1600.4. Classification4.1 This specification cove
17、rs the following groups. classes,and grades (see Table CAP):4.1.1 Group 01High impact strength.4.1.2 Group 02High tensile strength.4.1.3 ClassAccording to plasticizer content and proper-ties specified in Table CAP.4.1.4 Grade 1For injection molding (general purpose).4.1.5 Grade 2For extrusion.5. Suf
18、fixes5.1 When requirements are needed that are not covered inTable CAP, they shall be indicated through the use of suffixes.5.2 A list of suffixes can be found in Classification SystemD 4000 (Table 3) and may be used for additional requirementsas appropriate. Additional suffixes will be added to tha
19、tclassification system as test methods and requirements aredeveloped and requested.5.3 Color and opacity shall be within the limits defined in6.35.4 Some of the more commonly used suffixes for celluloseacetate propionate are shown as follows:E = electrical requirements (see Table 1) as designated by
20、 thefollowing digits:First Digit1 = volume resistivityTest Methods D 257.dielectric strengthTest Method D 149 (short-time/ step-by-step).Second Digit1 = volume resistivity and dielectric strength meetproperty requirements as shown in Table 1.T = transmittance requirements as designed designated byth
21、e following digits:First Digit1 = total luminous transmittance Procedure A of TestMethod D 1003.Second Digit1 = total luminous transmittance, 80 % min.5.5 An example of this classification system for a high-impact cellulose acetate propionate formulation would be asfollows:CAP0122FA053 (1)CAP = Tabl
22、e CAP property requirements01 = Group 1High impact strength2 = Class 2Plasticizer range from 8 to 20 % (seeTable CAP, Footnote 1)2 = Grade 2Extrusion applicationFA053 = Flammability requirement from ClassificationSystem D 4000Burn rate maximum of 50 mm/min with 3 mm minimum thickness, when testedin
23、accordance with Test Method D 635NOTE 2CAP0122 corresponds to the following physical propertyrequirements in Table CAP:Specific gravity: 1.19-1.20.Tensile stress at yield: 19 MPa min.Flexural modulus: 1 000 MPa min.Izod impact strength: 200 J/m min.Water absorption: 2.0 % max.Weight loss on heating:
24、 2.0 % max.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Materials supplied shall be as uniform in compositionand size, and as free of contamination, as can be achieved bygood manufacturing practice.6.2 These materials may contain colorants in the nominalamounts ordinarily employed, but such additives shall not a
25、lterthe ability of the materials to meet the specified properties.6.3 The color of material supplied shall be comparable,within commercial match tolerances, to the color of standardsamples prepared by the manufacturer.7. Physical Requirements7.1 Test specimens of the material shall conform to thereq
26、uirements prescribed in Table CAP.7.2 Molded specimens, for those tests requiring them, shallbe prepared in accordance with Section 10.7.3 Conformance to the requirements of this specificationshall be determined in accordance with Section 11.8. Sampling8.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to
27、 satisfy therequirements of 12.48.2 A batch or lot shall be constituted as a unit of manufac-ture as prepared for shipment and may consist of a blend of twoor more “production runs.”9. Number of Tests9.1 Routine testing of each batch or lot shall be limited toproperties designated in Table CAP of th
28、is specification.9.2 One set of samples for those tests that are designated(Section 12) shall be considered sufficient for testing the batchor lot. The average results from those samples shall complywith the requirements prescribed in this specification.9.3 If any failure occurs, the materials are n
29、ot to be certifiedto this specification.10. Specimen Preparation10.1 Physical property requirements in Table CAP are basedon injection molded specimens 3.2 mm thick. Specimensmachined from compression-molded blanks or extruded stripsmay be used, provided it can be shown that the results arecomparabl
30、e.10.2 Prior to molding cellulose acetate propionate, dry thematerial to a moisture content of 0.2 % or less. The primaryreason for drying the material is to eliminate visual defectssuch as surface imperfections and bubbles. Material spread inD1562052a tray to a maximum depth of 50 mm and exposed in
31、 acirculating-air oven at 75 to 90C for 3 h should be satisfactory.Formulations containing either very low or very high levels ofplasticizer may require slightly higher or lower drying tem-peratures respectively. Control the injection molding cycles inaccordance with Practice D 3641, using a melt te
32、mperature 25to 35C above the “cold point.” (The “cold point” is the lowestmelt temperature at which it is possible to obtain a full shotwhen all other operating variables are held constant within thenormal operating range.) Mold temperatures between 35 and60C have been found desirable. As a rule, th
33、in-sectionmoldings and higher hardness materials (lower plasticizercontent) require higher mold temperatures.10.3 Test specimens injection molded from cellulosic ma-terials are subject to “overpacking” if the gate size is too large,and this can result in brittleness in the gate area as well asthroug
34、hout the entire specimen. To avoid this, the gate sizeshould be significantly smaller than those recommended inPractice D 3641. A gate size 1.5 mm square has been found toproduce satisfactory test specimens.11. Test Methods11.1 Determine the properties defined by this specificationin accordance with
35、 the following methods:11.1.1 All tests shall be performed in the standard labora-tory atmosphere as defined by Practice D 618.11.1.2 Test specimens shall be conditioned in accordancewith Procedure A of Practice D 618.11.1.3 Color VisualPractice D 1729.11.1.4 Color-QuantitativePractice E 308.11.1.5
36、Plasticizer ContentThe method for plasticizer con-tent shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer and thepurchaser.11.1.6 Specific GravityTest Methods D 792.11.1.7 Tensile Stress at YieldTest Method D 638, Type Itest specimen, 50-mm/min testing speed.11.1.8 Flexural ModulusTest Methods D 790,
37、1.27-mm/min testing speed.11.1.9 Impact Strength (Izod)Test Method A of TestMethod D 256. Specimen size: 63.5 mm long by 12.7 mm wideby 3.2 mm thick.11.1.10 Water AbsorptionTest Method D 570, 24-h im-mersion.NOTE 3The ungated “tab end” (75 mm long) of a Test Method D 638,Type I tensile bar will give
38、 comparable results and can be used if theprimary specimen type is not available. Condition in accordance with TestMethod D 570.11.1.11 Weight Loss on HeatingCondition test specimens,50.8 mm in diameter or 50.8 mm wide by 63.5 mm long by 3.2mm thick, for 48 h over anhydrous calcium chloride at 23 62
39、Cor4hat706 2C.NOTE 4The ungated “tab end” (75 mm long) of a Test Method D 638,Type I tensile bar will give comparable results and can be used if theprimary specimen type is not available. Weigh three specimens and placethem in a circulating-air oven for 72 h at 82 6 2C. Support the specimensflatwise
40、 on a screen in the oven. Upon removal from the oven, cool thespecimens in a desiccator over anhydrous calcium chloride to 23 6 2C.Weigh the specimens and calculate the weight loss on heating as apercentage of the conditioned weight as follows:weight loss on heating, % 5W1 W2!W13 100 (2)where:W1= or
41、iginal weight, g, after initial conditioning, andW2= weight, g, after 72 h in oven at 82C.12. Inspection and Certification12.1 Inspection and certification of the material suppliedwith reference to a specification based on this classificationsystem shall be for conformance to the requirements specif
42、iedherein.12.2 Lot-acceptance inspection shall be the basis on whichacceptance or rejection of the lot is made. The lot-acceptanceinspection shall consist of plasticizer content determination(see Table CAP, Footnote 1, and 11.1.3) and color as specifiedin 6.3.12.3 Periodic check inspection with refe
43、rence to a specifi-cation based on this classification system shall consist of thetests for all requirements of the material under the specifica-tion. Inspection frequency shall be adequate to ensure that thematerial is certifiable in accordance with 12.4.12.4 Certification shall be that the materia
44、l was manufac-tured by a process in statistical control, sampled, tested, andinspected in accordance with this classification system and thatthe average values for the lot meet the requirements of theclassification system (line call out).12.5 A report of test results shall be furnished when re-quest
45、ed. The report shall consist of results of the lot acceptanceinspection for the shipment and the results of the most recentperiodic-check inspection.13. Rejection13.1 Material that fails to conform to all the requirements ofthis specification is not to be certified.14. Packaging, Packing, and Markin
46、g14.1 The provisions of Practice D 3892 apply to packaging,packing, and marking of containers for plastic materials.15. Keywords15.1 cellulose acetate propionate; classification system; linecallout; plastic; recycled; specificationD1562053TABLE CAP Detailed Physical Property RequirementsMaterial: CA
47、P (Cellulose Acetate Propionate)SpecificGravity,Test Meth-odsD 792TensileStress atYield,Test MethodD 638,min, MPaFlexuralModulus,Test Meth-odsD 790,min, MPaIzodImpactStrength,Test MethodD 256,min, J/mWater Absorption,Test MethodD 570,max, %WeightLoss onHeating,Paragraph11.1.11,max, %Group Descriptio
48、n ClassPlasticizerContentA,%Grade DescriptionWeightGainBSolubleLoss01 high impactstrength1 10-25 120injectionextrusionother1.18-1.201.18-1.2015158308302302301.81.80.20.22.22.228-20 120injectionextrusionother1.19-1.201.19-1.201919100010002002002.02.00.20.22.02.036-16 120injectionextrusionother1.19-1.
49、211.19-1.212323117011701601602.12.10.20.21.81.80 other 0 other02 high tensilestrength14-13 120injectionextrusionother1.20-1.221.20-1.222929131013101051052.22.20.10.11.21.222-10 120injectionextrusionother1.21-1.221.21-1.2234341520152080802.32.30.10.10.80.800 other 0 other 0 otherAThe method for plasticizer content, as well as the target level for the product supplied, shall be as agreed upon between manufacturer and purchaser. Limits of 62%shall be maintained unless a closer tolerance is practical.BWeight gain includes soluble matter loss.TABLE 1 Elect
