1、Designation: D1562 15Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification forCellulose Acetate Propionate Molding and ExtrusionCompounds (CAP)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1562; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,
2、in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scop
3、e*1.1 This classification system covers requirements for plas-ticized cellulose acetate propionate thermoplastic compoundssuitable for injection molding and extrusion. These compoundshave a propionyl content less than 48 % and an acetyl contentless than 3 % and can contain dyes and pigments. Cellulo
4、sicplastic materials, being thermoplastic, are reprocessable andrecyclable. This classification system allows for the use ofthose cellulosic materials, provided that all specific require-ments of this classification system are met.1.2 The properties included in this classification system arethose re
5、quired to identify the compositions covered. Otherrequirements necessary to identify particular characteristicsimportant to specialized applications are specified by using thesuffixes as given in Section 5.1.3 This classification system and subsequent line call outspecification are intended to provi
6、de a means of calling outplastic materials used in the fabrication of end items or parts.It is not intended for the selection of materials. Materialselection can be made by those having expertise in the plasticfield only after careful consideration of the design and perfor-mance required of the part
7、, environment to which it will beexposed, fabrication process to be employed, costs involved,and inherent properties of the material other than those coveredby this classification system.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains
8、only to thetest method portion, Section 11, of this classification system.This standard does not purport to address all of the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the a
9、pplicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.NOTE 1There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power FrequenciesD256 T
10、est Methods for Determining the Izod PendulumImpact Resistance of PlasticsD257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance ofInsulating MaterialsD570 Test Method for Water Absorption of PlasticsD618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent an
11、dTime of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal PositionD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsD790 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Unreinforcedand Reinforced Plastics and Electrical Insulating Materi-alsD792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plast
12、ics by DisplacementD883 Terminology Relating to PlasticsD1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittanceof Transparent PlasticsD1600 Terminology forAbbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-ticsD1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and ColorDifferences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials
13、D3641 Practice for Injection Molding Test Specimens ofThermoplastic Molding and Extrusion MaterialsD3892 Practice for Packaging/Packing of PlasticsD4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-alsD5740 Guide for Writing Material Standards in the Classi-fication FormatD7209 Guide for Wast
14、e Reduction, Resource Recovery, and1This classification system is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 onPlastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.15 on ThermoplasticMaterials.Current edition approved May 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originallyapproved in 1958. Last previ
15、ous edition approved in 2009 as D1562 - 09. DOI:10.1520/D1562-15.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM webs
16、ite.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Use of Recycled Polymeric Materials and Products (With-drawn 2015)3E308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects
17、by Usingthe CIE System3. Terminology3.1 DefinitionsThe terminology used in this classificationsystem is in accordance with Terminologies D883 and D1600.4. Classification4.1 This classification system covers the following groups.classes, and grades (see Table CAP):4.1.1 Group 01High impact strength.4
18、.1.2 Group 02High tensile strength.4.1.3 ClassAccording to plasticizer content and propertiesspecified in Table CAP.4.1.4 Grade 1For injection molding (general purpose).4.1.5 Grade 2For extrusion.5. Suffixes5.1 When requirements are needed that are not covered inTable CAP, they shall be indicated th
19、rough the use of suffixes.5.2 A list of suffixes can be found in Classification SystemD4000 (Table 3) and can be used for additional requirements asappropriate. Additional suffixes will be added to that classifi-cation system as test methods and requirements are developedand requested.5.3 Color and
20、opacity shall be within the limits defined in6.35.4 Some of the more commonly used suffixes for celluloseacetate propionate are shown as follows:E = electrical requirements (see Table 1) as designated by thefollowing digits:First Digit1 = volume resistivityTest Methods D257.dielectric strengthTest M
21、ethod D149 (short-time/ step-by-step).Second Digit1 = volume resistivity and dielectric strength meetproperty requirements as shown in Table 1.T = transmittance requirements as designed designated bythe following digits:First Digit1 = total luminous transmittance Procedure A of TestMethod D1003.Seco
22、nd Digit1 = total luminous transmittance, 80 % min.5.5 An example of this classification system for a high-impact cellulose acetate propionate formulation would be asfollows:CAP0122FA053 (1)CAP = Table CAP property requirements01 = Group 1High impact strength2 = Class 2Plasticizer range from 8 to 20
23、 % (seeTable CAP, Footnote 1)2 = Grade 2Extrusion applicationFA053 = Flammability requirement from Classification Sys-tem D4000Burn rate maximum of 50 mm/minwith 3 mm minimum thickness, when tested inaccordance with Test Method D635NOTE 2CAP0122 corresponds to the following physical propertyrequirem
24、ents in Table CAP:Specific gravity: 1.19-1.20.Tensile stress at yield: 19 MPa min.Flexural modulus: 1 000 MPa min.Izod impact strength: 200 J/m min.Water absorption: 2.0 % max.Weight loss on heating: 2.0 % max.6. Materials and Manufacture6.1 Materials supplied shall be as uniform in compositionand s
25、ize, and as free of contamination, as can be achieved bygood manufacturing practice.6.2 If these materials contain colorants in the nominalamounts ordinarily employed, such additives shall not alter theability of the materials to meet the specified properties.6.3 The color of material supplied shall
26、 be comparable,within commercial match tolerances, to the color of standardsamples prepared by the manufacturer.7. Physical Requirements7.1 Test specimens of the material shall conform to therequirements prescribed in Table CAP.7.2 Molded specimens, for those tests requiring them, shallbe prepared i
27、n accordance with Section 10.7.3 Conformance to the requirements of this classificationsystem shall be determined in accordance with Section 11.8. Sampling8.1 Sampling shall be statistically adequate to satisfy therequirements of 12.48.2 A batch or lot shall be constituted as a unit of manufac-ture
28、as prepared for shipment and can consist of a blend of twoor more “production runs.”9. Number of Tests9.1 Routine testing of each batch or lot shall be limited toproperties designated in Table CAP of this classificationsystem.9.2 One set of samples for those tests that are designated(Section 12) sha
29、ll be considered sufficient for testing the batchor lot. The average results from those samples shall complywith the requirements prescribed in this classification system.10. Specimen Preparation10.1 Physical property requirements in Table CAP are basedon injection molded specimens 3.2 mm thick. Spe
30、cimensmachined from compression-molded blanks or extruded stripscan be used, provided it can be shown that the results arecomparable.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.D1562 15210.2 Prior to molding cellulose acetate propionate, dry thematerial to a m
31、oisture content of 0.2 % or less. The primaryreason for drying the material is to eliminate visual defectssuch as surface imperfections and bubbles. Material spread ina tray to a maximum depth of 50 mm and exposed in acirculating-air oven at 75 to 90C for3hisrecommended.Formulations containing eithe
32、r very low or very high levels ofplasticizer can require slightly higher or lower drying tempera-tures respectively. Control the injection molding cycles inaccordance with Practice D3641, using a melt temperature 25to 35C above the “cold point.” (The “cold point” is the lowestmelt temperature at whi
33、ch it is possible to obtain a full shotwhen all other operating variables are held constant within thenormal operating range.) Mold temperatures between 35 and60C have been found desirable. As a rule, thin-sectionmoldings and higher hardness materials (lower plasticizercontent) require higher mold t
34、emperatures.10.3 Test specimens injection molded from cellulosic ma-terials are subject to “overpacking” if the gate size is too large,and this can result in brittleness in the gate area as well asthroughout the entire specimen. A gate size 1.5 mm square hasbeen found to produce satisfactory test sp
35、ecimens.11. Test Methods11.1 Determine the properties defined by this classificationsystem in accordance with the following methods:11.1.1 All tests shall be performed in the standard labora-tory atmosphere as defined by Practice D618.11.1.2 Test specimens shall be conditioned in accordancewith Proc
36、edure A of Practice D618.11.1.3 Color VisualPractice D1729.11.1.4 Color-QuantitativePractice E308.11.1.5 Plasticizer ContentThe method for plasticizer con-tent shall be specified.11.1.6 Specific GravityTest Methods D792.11.1.7 Tensile Stress at YieldTest Method D638, Type Itest specimen, 50-mm/min t
37、esting speed.11.1.8 Flexural ModulusTest Methods D790, 1.27-mm/min testing speed.11.1.9 Impact Strength (Izod)Test Method A of TestMethod D256. Specimen size: 63.5 mm long by 12.7 mm wideby 3.2 mm thick.11.1.10 Water AbsorptionTest Method D570, 24-h immer-sion.NOTE 3The ungated “tab end” (75 mm long
38、) of a Test Method D638,Type I tensile bar will give comparable results and can be used if theprimary specimen type is not available. Condition in accordance with TestMethod D570.11.1.11 Weight Loss on HeatingCondition test specimens,50.8 mm in diameter or 50.8 mm wide by 63.5 mm long by 3.2mm thick
39、, for 48 h over anhydrous calcium chloride at 23 62Cor4hat706 2C.NOTE 4The ungated “tab end” (75 mm long) of a Test Method D638,Type I tensile bar will give comparable results and can be used if theprimary specimen type is not available. Weigh three specimens and placethem in a circulating-air oven
40、for 72 h at 82 6 2C. Support the specimensflatwise on a screen in the oven. Upon removal from the oven, cool thespecimens in a desiccator over anhydrous calcium chloride to 23 6 2C.Weigh the specimens and calculate the weight loss on heating as apercentage of the conditioned weight as follows:weight
41、 loss on heating, % 5W12 W2!W13100 (2)where:W1= original weight, g, after initial conditioning, andW2= weight, g, after 72 h in oven at 82C.12. Inspection and Certification12.1 Inspection and certification of the material suppliedwith reference to a specification based on this classificationsystem s
42、hall be for conformance to the requirements specifiedherein.12.2 Lot-acceptance inspection shall be the basis on whichacceptance or rejection of the lot is made. The lot-acceptanceinspection shall consist of plasticizer content determination andcolor (see Table CAP, Footnote 1, and 11.1.3) as specif
43、ied in6.3.12.3 Periodic check inspection with reference to a specifi-cation based on this classification system shall consist of thetests for all requirements of the material under the specifica-tion. Inspection frequency shall be adequate to ensure that thematerial is certifiable in accordance with
44、 12.4.12.4 Certification shall be that the material was manufac-tured by a process in statistical control, sampled, tested, andinspected in accordance with this classification system and thatthe average values for the lot meet the requirements of theclassification system (line call out).12.5 A repor
45、t of test results shall be furnished when re-quested. The report shall consist of results of the lot acceptanceinspection for the shipment, the results of the most recentperiodic-check inspection, and the percent by weight of re-cycled plastic, as defined in Guide D7209, if requested.NOTE 5The ASTM
46、publication Manual on Presentation of Data andControl Chart Analysis, 8th Edition, stock number: MNL78THEB,provides detailed information about statistical process control.13. Rejection13.1 Material that fails to conform to all the requirements ofthis classification system is not to be certified.14.
47、Packaging, Packing, and Marking14.1 The provisions of Practice D3892 apply to packaging,packing, and marking of containers for plastic materials.15. Keywords15.1 cellulose acetate propionate; classification system; linecallout; plastic; recycled; specificationD1562 153TABLE CAP Detailed Physical Pro
48、perty RequirementsMaterial: CAP (Cellulose Acetate Propionate)SpecificGravity,TestMethodsD792TensileStress atYield,Test MethodD638,min, MPaFlexuralModulus,Test Meth-odsD790,min, MPaIzodImpactStrength,Test MethodD256,min, J/mWater Absorption,Test MethodD570,max, %WeightLoss onHeating,Paragraph11.1.11
49、,max, %Group Description ClassPlasticizerContentA,%Grade DescriptionWeightGainBSolubleLoss01 high impactstrength1 10-25 120injectionextrusionother1.18-1.201.18-1.2015158308302302301.81.80.20.22.22.228-20 120injectionextrusionother1.19-1.201.19-1.201919100010002002002.02.00.20.22.02.036-16 120injectionextrusionother1.19-1.211.19-1.212323117011701601602.12.10.20.21.81.80 other 0 other02 high tensilestrength14-13 120injectionextrusionother1.20-1.221.20-1.222929131013101051052.22.20.10.11.21.222-10 120injectionextrusionother1.21-1.221.21-1.2234341520
