1、Designation: D 1575 90 (Reapproved 2001)Standard Test Method forFiber Length of Wool in Scoured Wool and in Card Sliver1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1575; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the
2、 year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the estimation of the averagefiber length and length distribution of wool in nonpara
3、llelassemblies, such as scoured wool, and in card sliver.1.2 This test method is applicable to many fibers other thanwool if in the form of a nonparallel assembly or in a card sliver.1.3 This test method is not applicable to unscoured wool orto wool top.1.4 This test method specifically requires len
4、gth in inchesand mass in metric units, and is not contrary to ASTM policy.The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as thestandard. The information in parentheses is for informationonly.NOTE 1The determination of staple length of grease wool is coveredin Method D 1234, Sampling and Te
5、sting Staple Length of Grease Wool,2and the average length of fibers in wool top is covered in Test MethodD 519.1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andh
6、ealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 123 Terminology Relating to Textiles2D 1234 Method for Sampling and Testing Staple Length ofGrease Wool2D 519 Test Method for Length of Fiber in Wool Top2D 1776 Practice
7、for Conditioning Textiles for Testing23. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 carded wool, nscoured wool which has been pro-cessed through a carding machine.3.1.2 scoured wool, nwool from which the bulk of impu-rities has been removed by an aqueous or solvent washingprocess.3.1.3 wool, nthe fibrous cove
8、ring of the sheep, Ovisspecies.3.1.4 For definitions of other textile terms used in this testmethod, refer to Terminology D 123.4. Summary of Test Method4.1 The sample or test specimen is prepared for measure-ment by hand carding when necessary, manipulated on a combsorter, and separated into defini
9、te length increments. Theweight of the fibers in each length increment is obtained, andfrom these data estimates of the weight-biased average fiberlength and weight-biased length distribution are calculated.5. Significance and Use5.1 This test method is not recommended for acceptancetesting due to i
10、ts poor between-laboratory precision. In somecases the purchaser and the seller may have to test a commer-cial shipment of one or more specific materials by the bestavailable method even though the method has not beenrecommended for acceptance testing of commercial shipments.In such a case, if there
11、 is a disagreement arising fromdifferences in values reported by the purchaser and the sellerwhen using this method for acceptance testing, the statisticalbias, if any, between the laboratory of the purchaser and thelaboratory of the seller should be determined with eachcomparison being based on tes
12、ting specimens randomly drawnfrom one sample of material of the type being tested.5.2 A knowledge of the average length and length distribu-tion of fibers is important to fiber processors. This method isuseful for inplant control testing and for research purposes.6. Apparatus6.1 Comb Sorter, similar
13、 to that described in Section 6, ofTest Method D 519,3but provided with the modificationsdiscussed in Note 2.NOTE 2For specimens in which the longest fibers do not exceed 6 in.(150 mm), the test can be performed on one 15-in. (380-mm) sorter. Forspecimens in which the longest fibers exceed 6 in., tw
14、o sorters, 8-in.(200-mm) or 15-in., shall be used. When two sorters are used, noalteration is required. When one 15-in. sorter is used, the sorter shall bealtered. As shown in Fig. 1, an additional faller supporting rod shall beinserted from the rear of the sorter to support faller bars 9 through 15
15、.Holding brackets for supporting two retaining bars at the rear of the sorterare required. One holding bracket, a suggested design of which is shownin Fig. 2, shall be mounted on each side of the sorter frame over the spacesbetween faller bars 14 and 15.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of
16、 ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles,and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.13 on Wool and Wool Felt.Current edition approved Jan. 26, 1990. Published May 1990. Originallypublished as D 1575 58 T. Last previous edition D 1575 83.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 07.01.3Apparatus meeting t
17、hese requirements is furnished by Alfred Suter Co., PrellPlaza, Orangeburg, NY 10962.1Copyright ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.6.2 Balance, having a capacity of 100 mg and a sensitivityof 0.1 mg.6.3 Hand Cards.7. Sampling, Selection, and Number of Specim
18、ens7.1 Take, at random, samples consisting of at least 2-gportions from separate locations in the lot in accordance withthe schedule in the following table.Size of Lot, lb Number of Sampling UnitsUp to 20 000 (9000 kg) 4Over 20 000 1 for each additional 5000 lb(2250 kg) or fraction thereof7.2 Either
19、 use each sample as a test specimen or combinethe four or more samples into one specimen for testing.8. Conditioning8.1 Bring the specimens from the prevailing atmosphere tomoisture equilibrium in the standard atmosphere for testingtextiles.8.2 Determine that moisture equilibrium for testing has bee
20、nreached as directed in Practice D 1776.9. Preparation of Specimens9.1 Prepare specimens of scoured wool for testing by handcarding into a short sliver. Spread the 2-g specimen over theteeth of one hand card. Use the other hand to parallel the fibers.Normally, 10 to 15 strokes are sufficient. Exerci
21、se caution toprevent fiber breakage. The fibers will be on each card, asshown in Fig. 3, at the end of the carding operation. Removethe fibers from each card in a sheet and place them togetherwith the fringe in the same direction. Form a short sliver byrolling, being careful to keep the fibers paral
22、lel.9.2 Specimens of carded sliver require no preparation.10. Procedure10.1 Test the conditioned specimens in the standard atmo-sphere for testing textiles.10.2 Prepare the comb sorter for testing by lifting andsecuring the faller bars in a horizontal position. Face the rear ofthe sorter, for exampl
23、e, the 15-in. (380-mm) bar.FIG. 1 Faller Supporting Barin. mm112 38118 2934 19516 8FIG. 2 Backets for Holding Retaining BarsFIG. 3 CarderD 1575210.3 Place one of the specimens in the left bank of thecombs. For scoured wool the fringe shall overhang from the15-in. (380-mm) bar by approximately one th
24、ird of its length.Card sliver shall overhang the 15-in. bar by approximately 6 in.(150 mm).10.4 Using the hands, take and discard small amounts offibers from the fringe until the overhang is approximately 1 in.(25 mm) for scoured wool or 112 in. (38 mm) for card sliver.Square off the fringe with the
25、 clamp.10.5 Using the clamp, firmly grip the fibers across the fullwidth of the over-hanging portion to a depth not exceeding18in. (3 mm) from the ends of the fibers. Pull the fibers straightout slowly and place them in the right side or section of thefaller bars with the short pins. Starting at the
26、 end, or 0-in. fallerbar, pull the tuft of fibers forward across the top of the pins.Depress the fibers lightly in place with the fingers of the freehand.10.6 Release the fibers when the nose of the clamp isexactly in line with the top of the pins of the 15-in. (380-mm)faller bar. Press the released
27、 fibers down slowly between thepins with the depressor.10.7 Square off the fibers of the over-hanging fringe withthe clamp. Repeat the procedure in 10.5 and 10.6 until thefibers transferred weigh about 750 mg.10.8 Remove and discard the remaining fibers from the leftside of the sorter. Place the two
28、 removable retaining bars asshown in Fig. 4.10.9 Drop all faller bars between No. 6 and No. 9 and cleanthe faller bars from 0 to 6 in. (0 to 150 mm) inclusive. Face theside of the sorter having the faller supporting rods.10.10 Using the drawing clamp, carefully remove anddiscard the straggler fibers
29、 from the fringe opposite the 15-in.(380 mm) faller bar which do not reach the 15-in. faller.10.11 Using the drawing clamp, grip the fibers in the fringeopposite the 15-in. (380 mm) faller bar, the depth of bite not toexceed116 in. (1.5 mm). Draw these fibers from the accumu-lated specimen slowly. P
30、lace the fibers in the 0 to 6 group offaller bars starting with the 6-in. (152-mm) faller bar anddrawing toward the 0 or end faller bar, holding the fibers downgently with the free hand. Release the fibers when the nose ofthe clamp is in line with the end faller bar. Press the releasedfibers down be
31、tween the pins with the depressor.10.12 Repeat the procedure in 10.11 until all fibers havebeen transferred, lowering faller bars 9 to 15 as necessary.10.13 Collect any fibers remaining beyond the 15-in. (380-mm) faller bar and add these to the 0 to14-in. (6-mm)increment.10.14 From this point, proce
32、ed as directed in MethodD 519, beginning with 9.15.11. Report11.1 State that the specimens were tested as directed inASTM Method D 1575. Describe the material or productsampled and the method of sampling used.11.2 Report the following information:11.2.1 Average length to the nearest 0.1 in. (2.5 mm)
33、,11.2.2 Standard deviation of the fiber length to the nearest0.1 in. (2.5 mm),11.2.3 Coefficient of variation of fiber length,11.2.4 Percentage of fibers under 2 in. (50.8 mm) or under1.5 in. (38.1 mm), or both, and11.2.5 Cumulative length frequency curve.12. Precision and Bias12.1 PrecisionThe prec
34、ision of the method for fiberlength of wool in scoured wool and card sliver has not beenestablished. However, interlaboratory tests, the data for whichis unavailable, indicated satisfactory within-laboratory data butpoor between-laboratory precision.12.2 BiasNo justifiable statement can be made abou
35、t theaccuracy of Method D 1575 for determining fiber length sincethe true value of the property cannot be established by anaccepted reference method.12.2.1 The apparent length of crimped fibers is stronglydependent upon the tension applied to the fibers when measur-ing their length. In this method,
36、the fiber is measured with thenormal crimp partly removed due to its being packed in thepins of the sorter while under low tension. The observed resultsare accordingly slightly longer than the length of the crimpedfiber and shorter than the fiber length after removal of allcrimp.13. Keywords13.1 len
37、gth; woolThe American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connectionwith any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any suchpatent rights, and the ris
38、k of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of th
39、is standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsibletechnical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make yourviews kn
40、own to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website (www.astm.org).FIG. 4 SorterD 15753
