1、Designation: D1654 08D1654 08 (Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Painted or Coated Specimens Subjected toCorrosive Environments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1654; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, i
2、n the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1. Scope
3、1.1 This test method covers the treatment of previously painted or coated specimens for accelerated and atmospheric exposuretests and their subsequent evaluation in respect to corrosion, blistering associated with corrosion, loss of adhesion at a scribe mark,or other film failure.1.2 The values stat
4、ed in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibilityof whoever uses this standard to consult and establish approp
5、riate safety and health practices and determine the applicability ofregulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusD610 Practice for Evaluating Degree of Rusting on Painted Steel SurfacesD714 Test Method for Evalua
6、ting Degree of Blistering of PaintsD822 Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Exposures of Paint and Related CoatingsD870 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Water ImmersionD1014 Practice for Conducting Exterior Exposure Tests of Paints and Coatings on Metal SubstratesD1735
7、 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Water Fog ApparatusD2247 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100 % Relative HumidityD2803 Guide for Testing Filiform Corrosion Resistance of Organic Coatings on MetalD4141 Practice for Conducting Black Box and Solar Concentrat
8、ing Exposures of CoatingsD4585 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Controlled CondensationD4587 Practice for Fluorescent UV-Condensation Exposures of Paint and Related CoatingsD5894 Practice for Cyclic Salt Fog/UV Exposure of Painted Metal, (Alternating Exposures in a Fog/Dry Cab
9、inet and aUV/Condensation Cabinet)D6695 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposures of Paint and Related CoatingsD7087 Test Method for An Imaging Technique to Measure Rust Creepage at Scribe on Coated Test Panels Subjected toCorrosive EnvironmentsE3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic SpecimensG85 Practice
10、 for Modified Salt Spray (Fog) TestingG87 Practice for Conducting Moist SO2 Tests2.2 ANSI Standard:3B94.50 Single-Point Cutting Tools, Basic Nomenclature and Definitions for1 This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications a
11、nd is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.25 on Evaluation of Weathering Effects.Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008Dec. 1, 2016. Published December 2008December 2016. Originally approved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 20052008as D1654 05.D1654 08. DOI: 10.1520/D1654-08.10.152
12、0/D1654-08R16.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume information, refer to the standardsstandards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 Available from American National Sta
13、ndards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possibl
14、e to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West
15、Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States13. Terminology3.1 paint removal material, na device or substance that is used to remove loose coating around a scribe.3.2 rust creepage or undercutting, ncorrosion of a substrate that occurs around a damaged area of a coated material.3.3 scribe, na linear,
16、intentionally prepared damaged area on a coated material that extends down to the substrate.3.4 scribing tool, na tool used to prepare a scribe on a coated material.3.5 zone of corrosion, narea of corrosion of a substrate.4. Significance and Use4.1 This method provides a means of evaluating and comp
17、aring basic corrosion performance of the substrate, pretreatment, orcoating system, or combination thereof, after exposure to corrosive environments.5. Apparatus5.1 Scribing Tools:5.1.1 Lathe Tool TypeHigh speed tool steel or tungsten carbide thread cutting lathe tool bit with a cutting tip having a
18、 60included angle. ANSI B94.50, Style E has been found to meet these requirements. (See Fig. 1.) The tool bit is typically mountedin a holder such as a wooden file handle to facilitate the scribing operation.5.1.2 Pencil TypePencil shaped device, with a high speed tool steel or tungsten carbide scri
19、bing tip. Typically the grippingsurface is knurled. The tip may be replaceable or permanent.5.1.3 Motorized Circular BladeA motor fitted with a 1 to 2 mm wide circular cutting device.5.1.4 Other TypesOther types of scribing instruments which use a knife type blade such as a scalpel, razor blade, box
20、 cutterknife, or other sharp pointed tool are acceptable if agreed upon between the producer and the user.5.2 StraightedgeAny straightedge of sufficient length and rigidity to guide the scribing tool in a straight line.5.3 Paint Removal MaterialsThe following materials can be used to remove the coat
21、ing around the scribe.5.3.1 Spatula.5.3.2 Knife or similar instrumentthe sharpness of blade shall be agreed upon between purchaser and seller.5.3.3 Paint Stripper or strong solvent.5.3.4 Materials for removal by air:5.3.4.1 Air SourceA source of compressed air capable of delivering at least 4.72 L/s
22、 (10 ft3/min) at 552 kPa (80 psi).5.3.4.2 Air GunAn air dusting gun and nozzle combination. The following configuration has been found to be successful:Air Consumption,m3/min (ft3/min)Pressure, kPa(psi)Nozzle Diameter,mm (in.)0.24 (8.4) 550 (80) 3.0 (0.12)5.3.5 Power Washer capable of delivering 350
23、0 psi.5.4 ScaleAny rule with 1-mm divisions.6. Preliminary Treatment of Test Specimens6.1 Scribed Specimens:6.1.1 Where specified or agreed upon, prepare each specimen for testing by scribing it in such a manner that the scribe can beexposed lengthwise when positioned in the test cabinet. This posit
24、ion will allow solution droplets to run lengthwise along thescribe.6.1.2 Scribe the specimen by holding the tool at approximately a 70 to 90 angle to the surface with the upper end of tool holderinclined toward the operator. Position the tool so that only the tip is in contact with the surface. (See
25、 Fig. 2.) Pull the scribing toolto obtain a uniform V-cut through the coating that is being tested. The endpoints of the scribe shall be at least 1.25 cm (0.5 in.)from the edge of the panel. Inspect the tool frequently, using low power magnification, for dulling, chipping or wear and replaceor repai
26、r as needed. The scribe should be of sufficient length to cover the significant test area, but should not contact the edge ofthe specimen.The scribe must penetrate all organic coating layers on the metal, leaving a uniformly bright line.The extent of scribepenetration through metal coatings, such as
27、 galvanize, should be agreed upon between the producer and user. The coil coatingindustry typically requires scribes to penetrate all organic coating layers but not penetrate the metal coating layers. The automotiveindustry typically requires scribes to penetrate all organic and metal coating layers
28、. The pencil type may be less effective than theFIG. 1 Scribe ToolD1654 08 (2016)2lathe tool type when scribing coating systems consisting of multiple layers of organic coatings or coating systems including metallayers. When scribing coating systems consisting of multiple layers of organic coatings
29、or coating systems including metal layersthe depth and quality of scribe technique should be evaluated using the cross section, castable plastic mount, polishing techniquedescribed in Practice E3. Quality of the scribe technique may also be observed with the aid of low-power magnification. Note,mark
30、, and describe defects, coding, and flaws that may affect results. If a motorized circular blade is used, position the testspecimen to allow for a straight, linear cut at the desired length. The blade shall be positioned to a depth such that it is able to cutinto the substrate. This type of blade wi
31、ll result in a rectangular cut rather than a V-cut.6.1.3 One cut may not be sufficient to cut multi-layer protective coatings down to the metal. The use of more than one cut mustbe agreed to between all concerned parties prior to scribing, and the number of cuts must be recorded in the test document
32、ation.When multiple cuts are needed, each cut must be done in the same direction. If a motorized blade is being used, it may be necessaryto clean out residual materials of the scribe with a pencil-type scriber.6.1.4 Scribe lines other than those of a single, straight nature may be used if agreed upo
33、n between the producer and the user.6.1.5 Wipe off the panel with a dry rag, or blow with air to remove any metal flakes from the scribing process.6.1.6 The width of the scribe (w) shall be recorded.6.2 Cut EdgesCut edges of panels may be exposed during testing, or protected by wax, tape, or other m
34、eans as agreed uponbetween the producer and the user. If left unprotected, method of shearing panel edges should be agreed upon between the producerand user, noting whether edges are oriented in the “burr up” or “burr down” configuration.6.3 DeformationDeformation of test panels prior to exposure, i
35、f desired, should be agreed upon between the producer anduser.7. Exposure of Test Specimens7.1 Expose test specimens in accordance with one or more of the following test methods or practices: B117, D822, D870,D1014, D1735, D2247, D2803, D4141, D4585, D4587, D5894, D6695, G85, G87, or any other appli
36、cable test method, as agreedupon between the producer and the user. The length of test and evaluation intervals should be agreed upon prior to exposure ofspecimens.8. Procedure AEvaluation of Rust Creepage for Scribed Specimens8.1 Rinse each specimen after completion of the exposure period, using a
37、gentle stream of water at a temperature up to 45C(110F). Remove coating along scribe with one of the following methods such that all corrosion of the substrate (that is, rustcreepage or undercutting) can be observed using one of the following methods.8.1.1 Method 1 (Scraping)Scrape the specimen vigo
38、rously with and instrument described in 5.3.1.8.1.2 Method 2 (Knife)Pick off the loose or lifted coating with a knife described in 5.3.2.8.1.3 Method 3 (Paint Stripper)Soak the panels in paint stripper or suitable solvent as described in 5.3.3 until the coatingaround the scribe is removed, or can be
39、 removed with a spatula.8.1.4 Method 4 (Air Blow-Off)Holding the nozzle, as described in 5.3.4, at approximately a 45 angle, blow along the entirescribe line, disturbing the surface adjacent to the scribe adjacent to the scribe mechanically by the air nozzle to ensure an openingfor the air blast.8.1
40、.5 Method 5 (Power Washer)Using a power washer described in 5.3.5, remove the coating around the scribe.FIG. 2 Scribing Tool in ActionD1654 08 (2016)38.1.6 Other methods can be used to remove loose material around the scribe if agreed upon between purchaser and seller.NOTE 1The above methods may not
41、 be appropriate in all cases, such as for interim ratings in continuing tests.NOTE 2For all methods, complete the removal of loose coating with 15 min of specimen removal from the exposure cabinet. If removal cannot becompleted within the prescribed time, immerse the specimens in water at room tempe
42、rature or store in a plastic bag to avoid any drying effect.8.2 RatingOnly areas of the substrate that are discolored due to corrosion should be considered. Record the maximum andminimum creepage from the scribe, and note whether or not the maximum is an isolated spot. The mean can be determined bym
43、aking at least 6 measurements of the width of the zone of corrosion uniformly distributed along the scribe, ignoring 3 mm (0.125in.) of each end of the scribe. Determine the arithmetic mean, and use the following equation to determine rust creepage (c):c 5wc 2w2 (1)where:where:wc = mean overall widt
44、h of the corrosion zone andw = width of the original scribe.As an alternative, use Test Method D7087. Record creep values in millimetres, inches, or rating numbers as prescribed in Table1, as agreed upon between producer and user. Loss of paint that does not extend down to the substrate and result i
45、n corrosion canbe rated using the same procedure, but should not be considered as scribe creepage, undercutting, or corrosion. If this is the case,not the coat(s) removed.9. Procedure BEvaluation of Unscribed Areas9.1 Use photographic blister standards given in Practice D714 to describe the results
46、of the exposure test with respect to blisters,and Practice D610 to describe the results of the exposure with respect to rusting10. Procedure CEvaluation of Unprotected Edges10.1 If paint creepage from cut edges is tested, rate the corrosion or loss of paint extending from a cut edge in the same mann
47、erdescribed for scribes in Procedure A.11. Procedure DEvaluation of Formed Areas11.1 If tested samples contain bends, dimples, or other formed areas of interest, rate the extent of failure at these areas separatelyin the same manner described in Procedure B, or as agreed upon between the producer an
48、d user.12. Report12.1 The report shall include the following information, unless otherwise agreed upon between the producer and user:12.1.1 All pertinent information regarding the conduct of each corrosion test, as prescribed in the specifications for each test,12.1.2 Methods of scribing, shearing,
49、or forming, or combination thereof, or test specimens.12.1.3 Method of removal of loose coating.12.1.4 Rust creepage.12.1.5 If applicable, the extent of the removal of loose paint around scribe that did not extend down to the substrate, notingwhich coat(s) were removed.13. Precision and Bias13.1 PrecisionSince this is a method of evaluation based on measurements after various tests, the statement of precisionapplicable to each specific method of exposure to corrosive environments applies.TABLE 1 Rating of Failure at Scribe (Procedure A)Repr
