1、Designation: D1654 08 (Reapproved 2016)1Standard Test Method forEvaluation of Painted or Coated Specimens Subjected toCorrosive Environments1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1654; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the c
2、ase of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.1NOTETypos in S
3、ection 8 were corrected editorially in May 2017.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers the treatment of previouslypainted or coated specimens for accelerated and atmosphericexposure tests and their subsequent evaluation in respect tocorrosion, blistering associated with corrosion, loss of adhesionat a
4、scribe mark, or other film failure.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of whoever
5、 uses this standard to consult andestablish appropriate safety and health practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the D
6、ecision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusD610 Practice for Evalua
7、ting Degree of Rusting on PaintedSteel SurfacesD714 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering ofPaintsD822 Practice for Filtered Open-Flame Carbon-Arc Expo-sures of Paint and Related CoatingsD870 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of CoatingsUsing Water ImmersionD1014 Practice for Conductin
8、g Exterior Exposure Tests ofPaints and Coatings on Metal SubstratesD1735 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of CoatingsUsing Water Fog ApparatusD2247 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in100 % Relative HumidityD2803 Guide for Testing Filiform Corrosion Resistance ofOrganic Coatings
9、 on MetalD4141 Practice for Conducting Black Box and Solar Con-centrating Exposures of CoatingsD4585 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of CoatingsUsing Controlled CondensationD4587 Practice for Fluorescent UV-Condensation Expo-sures of Paint and Related CoatingsD5894 Practice for Cyclic Salt Fog
10、/UV Exposure of PaintedMetal, (Alternating Exposures in a Fog/Dry Cabinet and aUV/Condensation Cabinet)D6695 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposures of Paint andRelated CoatingsD7087 Test Method for An Imaging Technique to MeasureRust Creepage at Scribe on Coated Test Panels Subjectedto Corrosive Environme
11、ntsE3 Guide for Preparation of Metallographic SpecimensG85 Practice for Modified Salt Spray (Fog) TestingG87 Practice for Conducting Moist SO2Tests2.2 ANSI Standard:3B94.50 Single-Point Cutting Tools, Basic Nomenclature andDefinitions for3. Terminology3.1 paint removal material, na device or substan
12、ce that isused to remove loose coating around a scribe.3.2 rust creepage or undercutting, ncorrosion of a sub-strate that occurs around a damaged area of a coated material.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paintand Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and
13、is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.25 on Evaluation of Weathering Effects.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2016. Published December 2016. Originallyapproved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D1654 08. DOI:10.1520/D1654-08R16E01.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the
14、ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10
15、036, http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for
16、 theDevelopment of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.13.3 scribe, na linear, intentionally prepared damaged areaon a coated material that extends down to the substrate.3.4 scribing tool, na tool used
17、 to prepare a scribe on acoated material.3.5 zone of corrosion, narea of corrosion of a substrate.4. Significance and Use4.1 This method provides a means of evaluating and com-paring basic corrosion performance of the substrate,pretreatment, or coating system, or combination thereof, afterexposure t
18、o corrosive environments.5. Apparatus5.1 Scribing Tools:5.1.1 Lathe Tool TypeHigh speed tool steel or tungstencarbide thread cutting lathe tool bit with a cutting tip having a60 included angle. ANSI B94.50, Style E has been found tomeet these requirements. (See Fig. 1.) The tool bit is typicallymoun
19、ted in a holder such as a wooden file handle to facilitatethe scribing operation.5.1.2 Pencil TypePencil shaped device, with a high speedtool steel or tungsten carbide scribing tip. Typically thegripping surface is knurled. The tip may be replaceable orpermanent.5.1.3 Motorized Circular BladeA motor
20、 fitted witha1to2 mm wide circular cutting device.5.1.4 Other TypesOther types of scribing instrumentswhich use a knife type blade such as a scalpel, razor blade, boxcutter knife, or other sharp pointed tool are acceptable if agreedupon between the producer and the user.5.2 StraightedgeAny straighte
21、dge of sufficient length andrigidity to guide the scribing tool in a straight line.5.3 Paint Removal MaterialsThe following materials canbe used to remove the coating around the scribe.5.3.1 Spatula.5.3.2 Knife or similar instrumentthe sharpness of bladeshall be agreed upon between purchaser and sel
22、ler.5.3.3 Paint Stripper or strong solvent.5.3.4 Materials for removal by air:5.3.4.1 Air SourceA source of compressed air capable ofdelivering at least 4.72 L/s (10 ft3/min) at 552 kPa (80 psi).5.3.4.2 Air GunAn air dusting gun and nozzle combina-tion. The following configuration has been found to
23、be suc-cessful:Air Consumption,m3/min (ft3/min)Pressure, kPa(psi)Nozzle Diameter,mm (in.)0.24 (8.4) 550 (80) 3.0 (0.12)5.3.5 Power Washer capable of delivering 3500 psi.5.4 ScaleAny rule with 1-mm divisions.6. Preliminary Treatment of Test Specimens6.1 Scribed Specimens:6.1.1 Where specified or agre
24、ed upon, prepare each speci-men for testing by scribing it in such a manner that the scribecan be exposed lengthwise when positioned in the test cabinet.This position will allow solution droplets to run lengthwisealong the scribe.6.1.2 Scribe the specimen by holding the tool at approxi-mately a 70 t
25、o 90 angle to the surface with the upper end oftool holder inclined toward the operator. Position the tool sothat only the tip is in contact with the surface. (See Fig. 2.) Pullthe scribing tool to obtain a uniform V-cut through the coatingthat is being tested. The endpoints of the scribe shall be a
26、t least1.25 cm (0.5 in.) from the edge of the panel. Inspect the toolfrequently, using low power magnification, for dulling, chip-ping or wear and replace or repair as needed. The scribe shouldbe of sufficient length to cover the significant test area, butshould not contact the edge of the specimen.
27、 The scribe mustpenetrate all organic coating layers on the metal, leaving auniformly bright line. The extent of scribe penetration throughmetal coatings, such as galvanize, should be agreed uponbetween the producer and user. The coil coating industrytypically requires scribes to penetrate all organ
28、ic coating layersbut not penetrate the metal coating layers. The automotiveindustry typically requires scribes to penetrate all organic andmetal coating layers. The pencil type may be less effective thanthe lathe tool type when scribing coating systems consisting ofmultiple layers of organic coating
29、s or coating systems includ-ing metal layers. When scribing coating systems consisting ofmultiple layers of organic coatings or coating systems includ-ing metal layers the depth and quality of scribe techniqueshould be evaluated using the cross section, castable plasticmount, polishing technique des
30、cribed in Practice E3. Quality ofthe scribe technique may also be observed with the aid oflow-power magnification. Note, mark, and describe defects,coding, and flaws that may affect results. If a motorizedcircular blade is used, position the test specimen to allow for astraight, linear cut at the de
31、sired length. The blade shall beFIG. 1 Scribe Tool FIG. 2 Scribing Tool in ActionD1654 08 (2016)12positioned to a depth such that it is able to cut into thesubstrate. This type of blade will result in a rectangular cutrather than a V-cut.6.1.3 One cut may not be sufficient to cut multi-layerprotecti
32、ve coatings down to the metal. The use of more thanone cut must be agreed to between all concerned parties priorto scribing, and the number of cuts must be recorded in the testdocumentation. When multiple cuts are needed, each cut mustbe done in the same direction. If a motorized blade is beingused,
33、 it may be necessary to clean out residual materials of thescribe with a pencil-type scriber.6.1.4 Scribe lines other than those of a single, straight naturemay be used if agreed upon between the producer and the user.6.1.5 Wipe off the panel with a dry rag, or blow with air toremove any metal flake
34、s from the scribing process.6.1.6 The width of the scribe (w) shall be recorded.6.2 Cut EdgesCut edges of panels may be exposed duringtesting, or protected by wax, tape, or other means as agreedupon between the producer and the user. If left unprotected,method of shearing panel edges should be agree
35、d uponbetween the producer and user, noting whether edges areoriented in the “burr up” or “burr down” configuration.6.3 DeformationDeformation of test panels prior toexposure, if desired, should be agreed upon between theproducer and user.7. Exposure of Test Specimens7.1 Expose test specimens in acc
36、ordance with one or moreof the following test methods or practices: B117, D822, D870,D1014, D1735, D2247, D2803, D4141, D4585, D4587,D5894, D6695, G85, G87, or any other applicable test method,as agreed upon between the producer and the user. The lengthof test and evaluation intervals should be agre
37、ed upon prior toexposure of specimens.8. Procedure AEvaluation of Rust Creepage forScribed Specimens8.1 Rinse each specimen after completion of the exposureperiod, using a gentle stream of water at a temperature up to45C (110F). Remove coating along scribe with one of thefollowing methods such that
38、all corrosion of the substrate (thatis, rust creepage or undercutting) can be observed using one ofthe following methods.8.1.1 Method 1 (Scraping)Scrape the specimen vigor-ously with an instrument described in 5.3.1.8.1.2 Method 2 (Knife)Pick off the loose or lifted coatingwith a knife described in
39、5.3.2.8.1.3 Method 3 (Paint Stripper)Soak the panels in paintstripper or suitable solvent as described in 5.3.3 until thecoating around the scribe is removed, or can be removed witha spatula.8.1.4 Method 4 (Air Blow-Off)Holding the nozzle, asdescribed in 5.3.4, at approximately a 45 angle, blow alon
40、gthe entire scribe line, disturbing the surface adjacent to thescribe adjacent to the scribe mechanically by the air nozzle toensure an opening for the air blast.8.1.5 Method 5 (Power Washer)Using a power washerdescribed in 5.3.5, remove the coating around the scribe.8.1.6 Other methods can be used
41、to remove loose materialaround the scribe if agreed upon between purchaser and seller.NOTE 1The above methods may not be appropriate in all cases, suchas for interim ratings in continuing tests.NOTE 2For all methods, complete the removal of loose coating with15 min of specimen removal from the expos
42、ure cabinet. If removal cannotbe completed within the prescribed time, immerse the specimens in waterat room temperature or store in a plastic bag to avoid any drying effect.8.2 RatingOnly areas of the substrate that are discoloreddue to corrosion should be considered. Record the maximumand minimum
43、creepage from the scribe, and note whether ornot the maximum is an isolated spot. The mean can bedetermined by making at least 6 measurements of the width ofthe zone of corrosion uniformly distributed along the scribe,ignoring 3 mm (0.125 in.) of each end of the scribe. Determinethe arithmetic mean,
44、 and use the following equation to deter-mine rust creepage (c):c 5wc2 w2(1)where:wc= mean overall width of the corrosion zone andw = width of the original scribe.As an alternative, use Test Method D7087. Record creepvalues in millimetres, inches, or rating numbers as prescribedin Table 1, as agreed
45、 upon between producer and user. Loss ofpaint that does not extend down to the substrate and result incorrosion can be rated using the same procedure, but shouldnot be considered as scribe creepage, undercutting, or corro-sion. If this is the case, note the coat(s) removed.9. Procedure BEvaluation o
46、f Unscribed Areas9.1 Use photographic blister standards given in PracticeD714 to describe the results of the exposure test with respect toblisters, and Practice D610 to describe the results of theexposure with respect to rusting10. Procedure CEvaluation of Unprotected Edges10.1 If paint creepage fro
47、m cut edges is tested, rate thecorrosion or loss of paint extending from a cut edge in the samemanner described for scribes in Procedure A.11. Procedure DEvaluation of Formed Areas11.1 If tested samples contain bends, dimples, or otherformed areas of interest, rate the extent of failure at these are
48、asTABLE 1 Rating of Failure at Scribe (Procedure A)Representative Mean Creepage From ScribeMillimetresInches(Approximate)RatingNumberZero 0 10Over 0 to 0.5 0 to164 9Over 0.5 to 1.0164 to132 8Over 1.0 to 2.0132 to116 7Over 2.0 to 3.0116 to18 6Over 3.0 to 5.018 to316 5Over 5.0 to 7.0316 to14 4Over 7.0
49、 to 10.014 to38 3Over 10.0 to 13.038 to12 2Over 13.0 to 16.012 to58 1Over 16.0 to more58 to more 0D1654 08 (2016)13separately in the same manner described in Procedure B, or asagreed upon between the producer and user.12. Report12.1 The report shall include the following information,unless otherwise agreed upon between the producer and user:12.1.1 All pertinent information regarding the conduct ofeach corrosion test, as prescribed in the specifications for eachtest,12.1.2 Methods of scribing, shearing, or forming, or com-bi
